信與系統(tǒng)》專業(yè)術(shù)語中英文對照表

1、信號與系統(tǒng)專業(yè)術(shù)語中英文對照表第1章緒論信號(signal)系統(tǒng)(system)電壓(voltage)電流(current)信息(information)電路(circuit)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(network)確定性信號(determinatesignal)隨機信號(randomsignal)一維信號(one-dimensionalsignal)多維信號(multi-dimensionalsignal)連續(xù)時間信號(continuoustimesignal)離散時間信號(discretetimesignal)取樣信號(samplingsignal)數(shù)字信號(digitalsignal)周期信號(perio

2、dicsignal)非周期信號(nonperiodic(aperiodic)signal)能量(energy)功率(power)能量信號(energysignal)功率信號(powersignal)平均功率(averagepower)平均能量(averageenergy)指數(shù)信號(exponentialsignal)時間常數(shù)(timeconstant)正弦信號(sinesignal)余弦信號(cosinesignal)振幅(amplitude)角頻率(angularfrequency)初相位(initialphase)周期(period)頻率(frequency)歐拉公式(Euler'

3、sformula)復(fù)扌旨數(shù)信號(complexexponentialsignal)復(fù)頻率(complexfrequency)實部(realpart)虛部(imaginarypart)抽樣函數(shù)Sa(t)(sampling(Sa)function)偶函數(shù)(evenfunction)奇異函數(shù)(singularityfunction)奇異信號(singularitysignal)單位斜變信號(unitrampsignal)斜率(slope)單位階躍信號(unitstepsignal)符號函數(shù)(signumfunction)單位沖激信號(unitimpulsesignal)廣義函數(shù)(generalize

4、dfunction)取樣特性(samplingproperty)沖激偶信號(impulsedoubletsignal)奇函數(shù)(oddfunction)偶分量(evencomponent)奇分量(oddcomponent)正交函數(shù)(orthogonalfunction)正交函數(shù)集(setoforthogonalfunction)數(shù)學(xué)模型(mathematicsmodel)電壓源(voltagesource)基爾霍夫電壓定律(Kirchhoff'svoltagelaw(KVL)電流源(currentsource)連續(xù)時間系統(tǒng)(continuoustimesystem)離散時間系統(tǒng)(disc

5、retetimesystem)微分方程(differentialfunction)差分方程(differencefunction)線性系統(tǒng)(linearsystem)非線性系統(tǒng)(nonlinearsystem)時變系統(tǒng)(time-varyingsystem)時不變系統(tǒng)(time-invariantsystem)集總參數(shù)系統(tǒng)(lumped-parametersystem)分布參數(shù)系統(tǒng)(distributed-parametersystem)偏微分方程(partialdifferentialfunction)因果系統(tǒng)(causalsystem)非因果系統(tǒng)(noncausalsystem)因果信號(

6、causalsignal)疊加性(superpositionproperty)均勻性(homogeneity)積分(integral)輸入-輸出描述法(input-outputanalysis)狀態(tài)變量描述法(statevariableanalysis)單輸入單輸出系統(tǒng)(single-inputandsingle-outputsystem)狀態(tài)方程(stateequation)輸出方程(outputequation)多輸入多輸出系統(tǒng)(multi-inputandmulti-outputsystem)時域分析法(timedomainmethod)變換域分析法(transformdomainmet

7、hod)卷積(convolution)傅里葉變換(Fouriertransform)拉普拉斯變換(Laplacetransform)第2章連續(xù)時間系統(tǒng)的時域分析齊次解(homogeneoussolution)特解(particularsolution)特征方程(characteristicfunction)特征根(characteristicroot)固有(自由)解(naturalsolution)強迫解(forcedsolution)起始條件(originalcondition)初始條件(initialcondition)自由響應(yīng)(naturalresponse)強迫響應(yīng)(forcedres

8、ponse)零輸入響應(yīng)(zero-inputresponse)零狀態(tài)響應(yīng)(zero-stateresponse)沖激響應(yīng)(impulseresponse)階躍響應(yīng)(stepresponse)卷積積分(convolutionintegral)交換律(exchangelaw)分配律(distributelaw)結(jié)合律(combinelaw)第3章傅里葉變換頻譜(frequencyspectrum)頻域(frequencydomain)三角形式的傅里葉級數(shù)(trigonomitricFourierseries)指數(shù)形式的傅里葉級數(shù)(exponentialFourierseries)傅里葉系數(shù)(Fou

9、riercoefficient)直流分量(directcomposition)基波分量(fundamentalcomposition)n次諧波分量(nthharmoniccomponent)復(fù)振幅(complexamplitude)頻譜圖(spectrumplot(diagram)幅度譜(amplitudespectrum)相位譜(phasespectrum)包絡(luò)(envelop)離散性(discreteproperty)諧波性(harmonicproperty)收斂性(convergenceproperty)奇諧函數(shù)(oddharmonicfunction)吉伯斯現(xiàn)象(Gibbsphenom

10、enon)周期矩形脈沖信號(periodicrectangularpulsesignal)周期鋸齒脈沖信號(periodicsawtoothpulsesignal)周期三角脈沖信號(periodictriangularpulsesignal)周期半波余弦信號（periodichalf-cosinesignal)周期全波余弦信號(periodicfull-cosinesignal)傅里葉逆變換(inverseFouriertransform)頻譜密度函數(shù)(spectrumdensityfunction)單邊指數(shù)信號(single-sidedexponentialsignal)雙邊指數(shù)信號(two

11、-sidedexponentialsignal)對稱矩形脈沖信號(symmetryrectangularpulsesignal)線性(linearity)對稱性(symmetry)對偶性(duality)位移特性(shifting)時移特性(time-shifting)頻移特性(frequency-shifting)調(diào)制定理(modulationtheorem)調(diào)制(modulation)解調(diào)(demodulation)變頻(frequencyconversion)尺度變換特性(scaling)微分與積分特性(differentiationandintegration)時域微分特性(diffe

12、rentiationinthetimedomain)時域積分特性(integrationinthetimedomain)頻域微分特性(differentiationinthefrequencydomain)頻域積分特性(integrationinthefrequencydomain)卷積定理(convolutiontheorem)時域卷積定理(convolutiontheoreminthetimedomain)頻域卷積定理(convolutiontheoreminthefrequencydomain)取樣信號(samplingsignal)矩形脈沖取樣（rectangularpulsesamp

13、ling)自然取樣(naturesampling)沖激取樣(impulsesampling)理想取樣(idealsampling)取樣定理(samplingtheorem)調(diào)制信號(modulationsignal)載波信號(carriersignal)已調(diào)制信號(modulatedsignal)模擬調(diào)制(analogmodulation)數(shù)字調(diào)制(digitalmodulation)連續(xù)波調(diào)制(continuouswavemodulation)脈沖調(diào)制(pulsemodulation)幅度調(diào)制(amplitudemodulation)頻率調(diào)制(frequencymodulation)相位調(diào)制

14、(phasemodulation)角度調(diào)制(anglemodulation)頻分多路復(fù)用(frequency-divisionmultiplex(FDM)時分多路復(fù)用(time-divisionmultiplex(TDM)相干(同步)解調(diào)(synchronousdetection)本地載波(localcarrier)系統(tǒng)函數(shù)(systemfunction)網(wǎng)絡(luò)函數(shù)(networkfunction)頻響特性(frequencyresponse)幅頻特性(amplitudefrequencyresponse)相頻特性無失真?zhèn)鬏攑hasefrequencyresponse)(distortionle

15、sstransmission)理想低通濾波器(ideallow-passfilter)截止頻率(cutofffrequency)正弦積分(sineintegral)上升時間(risetime)窗函數(shù)(windowfunction)理想帶通濾波器(idealband-passfilter)第4章拉普拉斯變換代數(shù)方程(algebraicequation)雙邊拉普拉斯變換(two-sidedLaplacetransform)雙邊拉普拉斯逆變換(inversetwo-sidedLaplacetransform)單邊拉普拉斯變換(single-sidedLaplacetransform)拉普拉斯逆變換(

16、inverseLaplacetransform)收斂域(regionofconvergence(ROC)延時特性(timedelay)s域平移特性(shiftinginthes-domain)s域微分特性(differentiationinthes-domain)s域積分特性(integrationinthes-domain)初值定理(initialraluetheorem)終值定理(expiration-value)復(fù)頻域卷積定理(convolutiontheoreminthecomplexfrequencydomain)部分分式展開法(partialfractionexpansion)留數(shù)

17、法(residuemethod)第5章策動點函數(shù)(drivingfunction)轉(zhuǎn)移函數(shù)(transferfunction)極點(pole)零點(zero)零極點圖(zero-poleplot)暫態(tài)響應(yīng)(transientresponse)穩(wěn)態(tài)響應(yīng)(stableresponse)穩(wěn)定系統(tǒng)(stablesystem)一階系統(tǒng)(firstordersystem)高通濾波網(wǎng)絡(luò)(high-lowfilter)低通濾波網(wǎng)絡(luò)(low-passfilter)二階系統(tǒng)(secondsystem)最小相移系統(tǒng)(minimum-phasesystem)維納濾波器(Winnerfilter)卡爾曼濾波器(Kalm

18、anfilter)低通(low-pass)高通(high-pass)帶通(band-pass)帶阻(band-stop)有源(active)無源(passive)模擬(analog)數(shù)字(digital)通帶(pass-band)阻帶(stop-band)佩利維納準則(Paley-Winnercriterion)最佳逼近(optimumapproximation)過渡帶(transition-band)通帶公差帶(toleranceband)巴特沃茲濾波器(Butterworthfilter)切比雪夫濾波器(Chebyshewfilter)方框圖(blockdiagram)信號流圖(signa

19、lflowgraph)節(jié)點(node)支路(branch)輸入節(jié)點(sourcenode)輸出節(jié)點(sinknode)混合節(jié)點(mixnode)通路(path)開通路(openpath)閉通路(closepath)環(huán)路(loop)自環(huán)路(self-loop)環(huán)路增益(loopgain)不接觸環(huán)路(disconnectloop)前向通路(forwardpath)前向通路增益(forwardpathgain)梅森公式(Masonformula)勞斯準則(Routhcriterion)第6章數(shù)字系統(tǒng)(digitalsystem)數(shù)字信號處理(digitalsignalprocessing)差分方程(

20、differenceequation)單位樣值響應(yīng)(unitsampleresponse)卷積口(convolutionsum)Z變換(Ztransform)序列(sequence)樣值(sample)單位樣值信號（unitsamplesignal)單位階躍序列(unitstepsequence)矩形序列(rectangularsequence)單邊實旨數(shù)序列（singlesidedrealexponentialsequence)單邊正弦序列(singlesidedexponentialsequence)斜邊序列(rampsequence)復(fù)扌旨數(shù)序列(complexexponentialse

21、quence)線性時不變離散系統(tǒng)(lineartime-invariantdiscrete-timesystem)常系數(shù)線性差分方程(linearconstant-coefficientdifferenceequation)后向差分方程(backwarddifferenceequation)前向差分方程(forwarddifferenceequation)海諾塔(TowerofHanoi)菲波納西(Fibonacci)沖激函數(shù)串(impulsetrain)第7章數(shù)字濾波器(digitalfilter)單邊Z變換(single-sidedZtransform)雙邊Z變換(two-sided(bilateral)Ztransform)幕級數(shù)(powerseries)收斂(convergence)有界序列(limitary-amplitudesequence)正項級數(shù)(positiveseries)右邊序列有限長序列(limitary-durationsequence)(right-sidedsequence)左邊序列(left-sidedsequence)雙邊序列(two-sidedsequence)Z逆變換(inverseZtransform)圍線積分法(contourintegralmethod