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1、小升初英語復(fù)習(xí)重點 第一部分基礎(chǔ)知識1.字母:26個字母的大小寫ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz2.語音:元音的發(fā)音五個元音字母:AEIOU12個單元音:長元音:/:/,/:/,/:/, /i:/,/u:/ 短元音:/æ/ /e/ /i/ / / / /u/ /3. 詞匯:詞匯量,近反義詞 4. 4.句子:大小寫,標點符號 第二部分:語法知識 一.名詞:名詞單復(fù)數(shù),名詞的格(一)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)1一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. s
2、h. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth,
3、fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea(二)名詞的格(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格:a) 單數(shù)后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirtb) 以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加 如: his friends bagsc) 不以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)后加 s childrens shoes并列名詞中,如果把 s加在最后一個名詞后,表示共有, 如: Tom and Mikes car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽
4、車要表示所有物不是共有的,應(yīng)分別在并列名詞后加s Toms and Mikes cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車 (2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用“ of 名詞”來表示所有關(guān)系:如:a picture of the classroom a map of China 二.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:(1)不定冠詞:a / an a unit / an uncle 元音開頭的可數(shù)名詞前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an ac
5、tress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /(2)定冠詞:the the egg the plane2. 用法:定冠詞的用法:(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk. (2)復(fù)述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
6、(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物:The boys arent at school.(4)在序數(shù)詞前: Johns birthday is February the second.(5)用于固定詞組中: in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠詞的情況:(1)專有名詞前:China is a big country. (2)名詞前有定語:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball.(3)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeys cant swim. They are teache
7、rs.(4)在節(jié)日,日期,月份,季節(jié)前:Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday.(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.(6)球類 棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但樂器前要用定冠詞:I play the guitar very well.(7)學(xué)科名稱前:My favorite subject is music.(8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前:This is Mr Li.(9)固定詞組中:at noon at night by b
8、us 三、代詞:人稱代詞,物主代詞人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格第一人稱單數(shù)I(我)memy(我的)復(fù)數(shù)we(我們)usour(我們的)第二人稱單數(shù)you(你)youyour(你的)復(fù)數(shù)you(你們)youyour(你們的)第三人稱單數(shù)he(他)himhis(他的)she(她)herher(她的)it(它)itits(它的)復(fù)數(shù)they(他們/她們/它們)themtheir(他們的/她們的/它們的) 四、形容詞,副詞:比較級,最高級(一)、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, a little來修飾表示程
9、度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。2形容詞加er的規(guī)則: 一般在詞尾加er ; 以字母e 結(jié)尾,加r ; 以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾,應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ; 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er 。3不規(guī)則形容詞比較級:good-better, beautiful-more beautiful(二)副詞的比較級1形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 (有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動) 在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同 (不規(guī)則變化:well-b
10、etter, far-farther) 五 數(shù)詞:基數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞一、基數(shù)詞(1)1-20 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen, sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty(2)21-99 先說“幾十”,再說“幾”,中間加連字符。23twenty-three,34thirty-four,45fortyfive,56fifty-six,67sixty-seven,78seventy-eight,89eighty-ni
11、ne,91ninety-one(3)101999先說“幾百”,再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù);586five hundred and eighty-six,803eight hundred and three(4)l,000以上,先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加一個“,”,第一個“,”前為thousand.第二個“,”前為million,第三個“,”前為billion 1,001one thousand and one 18,423eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three 6,260,309six mi
12、llion two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750,000,000,000seven hundred and fifty billion二、序數(shù)詞(1)一般在基數(shù)詞后加th eg.fourfourth,thirteenthirteenth(2)不規(guī)則變化onefirst,twosecond,threethird,fivefifth,eighteighth,nineninth,twelvetwelfth(3)以y結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù),變y為ie再加thtwentytwentieth, fortyforti
13、eth, ninetyninetieth(4)從二十一后的“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個位的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth基數(shù)詞轉(zhuǎn)為序數(shù)詞的口訣:基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾加上-th.一,二,三,特殊記,詞尾字母t,d,d.八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty將y變成i,th前面有個e.若是碰到幾十幾,前用基來后用序。 六、介詞:常用介詞:in, on, at, behind等1. at表示時間概念的某一個點。(在某時刻、時間、階段等)。 at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一點鐘(黎明、
14、午夜、中午) 2. on 1)表示具體日期。 注:(1)關(guān)于"在周末"的幾種表示法: at(on)the weekend在周末-特指 at(on)weekends在周末-泛指 over the weekend在整個周末 during the weekend在周末期間 (2)在圣誕節(jié),應(yīng)說at Christmas而不說on Christmas 2)在(剛)的時候。 On reaching the city he called up his parents3in 1)表示"時段"、"時期",在多數(shù)情況下可以和during互換,前者強調(diào)對比
15、,后者強調(diào)持續(xù)。 in(during)1988(December,the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀) 七、動詞:動詞的四種時態(tài):(1) 一般現(xiàn)在時:構(gòu)成1. be動詞:主語+be(am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。2. 行為動詞:主語+行為動詞(+其它)。 如: We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it)時,要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下,直
16、接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies(2) 一般過去時:動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有:、規(guī)則動詞 一般直接在動詞的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d:如lived , danced , used 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed
17、(此類動詞較少)如study studied carry carried worry worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類) 雙寫最后一個字母(此類動詞較少)如stopped 、不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則,須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , lea
18、ve left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt(3)一般將來時:基本結(jié)構(gòu): be going to + do; will+ do. be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow (4)現(xiàn)在進行時: am,is,are+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞 動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則:
19、 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 結(jié)尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing,如having , writing 雙寫最后一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 第三部分:句法1. 陳述句(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will e
20、at lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. (2)、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor. He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.
21、2. 疑問句 一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用“yes”,或“no”來回答。特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”來回答。3.There be句型There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數(shù),be 動詞用is ; 主語是復(fù)數(shù),be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據(jù)最*近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。3、ther
22、e be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首。4、there be句型與have(has) 的區(qū)別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑問句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑問句。7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是: How many + 名詞復(fù)
23、數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語? How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是: Whats + 介詞短語? 小學(xué)畢業(yè)班英語單詞和句型總復(fù)習(xí)三年級上冊單詞 黑體字(73個單詞)pen pencil pencil-case book bag ruler eraser crayon s
24、harpener schoolhead face nose mouth eye ear arm hand finger leg
25、160; foot body red yellow green blue purple white black orange pi
26、nk brown cat dog monkey panda rabbit duck squirrel mouse elephant pig bird bear cake bread h
27、ot dog hamburger chicken French fries Coke juice milk water tea coffee one two three four five six seven eight
28、 nine ten doll ball boat kite balloon car plane 三年級下冊單詞 黑體字(72個單詞、詞組)boy girl teacher student
29、0; this my friend nice good morning Good afternoon meet goodbye too Im=Iam father dad mother mom&
30、#160; man woman grandmother grandma grandfather grandpa sister brother lets=let us really great
31、160; and how eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty how many can
32、 look at peach pear orange watermelon apple banana grape strawberry like some thanks bus
33、; bike taxi jeep desk chair walkman lamp your zoo sm
34、all big long short tall giraffe deer四年級上冊單詞 黑體字(66個單詞、詞組)window board light pictu
35、re door floor classroom computer wall fan teachers desk Chinese book English book math book schoolbag story-book notebook &
36、#160;twenty-one thirty thirty-one forty forty-one fifty long hair short hair thin strong quiet friend(s) music science sports
37、; computer game painting study bathroom bedroom living kitchen phone bed sofa shelf f
38、ridge table rice fish noodles beef vegetable soup knife chopsticks spoon plate
39、; fork family parents uncle aunt baby driver doctor farmer nurse baseball player
40、;四會單詞(36個)bag pencil pen book ruler pencil-case teacher student boy girl friendhome room school
41、 classroom window desk door chair bed rice beef bread milk egg water chicken fish sister
42、; brother father mother driver doctor farmer nurse四年級下冊單詞 黑體詞(50個單詞、詞組)playground garden
43、60; teachers desk canteen art room computer room washroom music roomgym TV room lunch English class music class breakfast dinner P.E. class get up go to sc
44、hool go home go to bed sweater jeans pants socks shoes shortshot weather rainy windy cloudy colorful
45、 pretty cheap expensive sneakersslippers sandals boots sheep hen lamb goat cow tomatocucumber potato onion
46、160; carrot四會單詞(88個)computer board fan light this is my that your teachers desk picture wall floor yes itone two thre
47、e four five six seven eight nine ten what time its oclock mathChinese English P.E. music f
48、or class jacket shirt skirt dress T-shirt red blue yellow green white no not colou
49、r warm cold cool today jeans pant socks shoes lets play football snowy sunny how much big small lon
50、g short applebanana pear orange watermelon are they horse arent cat rabbit pig duck dogeleven
51、60;twelve thirteen fifteen twenty how many there五年級上冊單詞黑體字(16個單詞、詞組)principal university student cabbage pork mutton empty the trash put away the clothes
52、 air-conditioner over in front of sky cloud mountain village city 四會單詞、詞組(93個)young funny tall strong&
53、#160; kind old short thin whos=who is whats=what is like hes=he is strict smart active quiet shes=she is very
54、60; but Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday day have on Saturday Sunday do homework watch TV read books Wh
55、at about? tooeggplant fish green beans tofu potato tomato for lunch we tasty sweet sour fresh salty favorite
56、; theyre=they are fruit dont=do not grape cook the meals water the flowerssweep the floor clean the bedroom make the bed set the table
57、 wash the clothes do the dishes cant=cannot use a computer curtain trash bin closet mirror end table bedroom kitchen bathroom
58、;living room in on under near behind clothes river flower grass lake forest path park picture house bridge
59、0;tree road building clean五年級下冊單詞 黑體字(18個)January February March April May June July August September October NovemberDecember first
60、60; second third fourth fifth Eighth ninth twelfth twentieth四會單詞、詞組(83個)do morning exercises eat breakfast have English class play sports eat dinner when
61、;evening get up at usually noon climb mountains go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking weekend often sometimes spring summer fall
62、;winter season which best swim fly kites skate make a snowman plant trees why because sleep Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July&
63、#160; Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. birthday uncle her datedraw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone listen to mus
64、ic clean the roomwrite a letter write an e-mail mom grandpa study fly jump walk run swim kangaroosleep climb
65、160;fight swing drink water take pictures watch insects pick up leavesdo an experiment catch butterflies honey count insects
66、collect leaves write a report play chess have a picnic六年級上冊單詞 黑體字(16個)plane ship subway science museum north south east west
67、;tonight tomorrow take a trip read a magazine go to the cinema magazine dictionary vapor 四會單詞、詞組(71個)by foot bike b
68、us train how go to school traffic traffic light traffic rule stop wait get to library post office hospital cinema bookstore where please
69、 nest to turn right left straight then next week this morning this afternoon this evening comic book post card newspaper buy hobby
70、0;ride a bike dive play the violin make kites collect stamps live(s) teach(es) go(es) watch(es)read(s) does doesnt=does not singer writer actor actress
71、;artist TV reporter engineer accountant policeman salesperson cleaner where work rain cloud sun stream seed come from soil sprout plan
72、t should then 六年級下冊單詞 四會單詞(25個)taller shorter stronger older younger bigger heavier longer thinner smaller have a fever hurt &
73、#160;have a cold have a toothache have a headache have a sore throat matter sorenose tired excited angry happy bored sad三年級上冊句子1. Hello!
74、 Hi! 2. Hello! Im Wu Yifan. Im from China. 3. Whats your name? 4. My names Chen Jie. 5. I have a pencil. Me too. 6. Good morning. Good afternoon. 7. This is
75、 Miss White. Nice to meet you. 8. Where are you from? Im from America. 9. Lets go to school. OK. 10. . How many cakes? One cake11. How are you? Im fine, thank you. 12. Lets paint. Great13. I like green. Me too. 14. I have a rabbit. 15. Cool! Super! Gre
76、at! Wow! 16. May I have a look? Sure. 17. Here you are. Thank you. Youre welcome18. I like hamburgers. Me too19. Have some French fries. 20. Can I have some chicken? Sure. 21. How old are you? Im nine. 三年級下冊句子1. Where are you from? Im fr
77、om America.2. Good morning! Good afternoon!3. Class, we have a new friend today.4. Whos that woman? Shes my mother。5. Whos that man?
78、; Hes my father.6. Whos this boy? My brother.7. I have a new kite. Oh, its beautiful.8. How many kites can you see? &
79、#160;I can see 12.9. The black one is a bird. Oh, how nice!10. How many crayons do you have? I have 16 crayons.11. Open it and see. Thats right.12. Do you like peaches?
80、60; Yes, I do. /No, I dont.13. What about pears? Oh, I like them very much.14. Lets have some peaches and pears.15. Have some fruits. Thank you, Miss White.16. Sorry
81、, I dont like bananas.17. Can I have an apple, please? Certainly.18. Have some more? No, thank you.19. Where is my car? Its under the chair.20. Excuse me. Can I use your pencil? &
82、#160; No problem.21. Here you are. Thank you!22. Come on, children. Look at the elephant.23. Wow! Its so big! Its so funny!24. It has a long nose
83、 and a short tail.25. It has small eyes and big ears.26. Look at the giraffe. Oh, its so tall.27. The giraffe is tall. The deer is short.28. Youre tall. Im short. Youre right.29. Lets fl
84、y it. OK.30. What a big fish!四年級上冊句子1. Whats in the classroom? 2. This is Zhang Peng, our new classmate.3. We have a new classroom. 4. Where is my seat?
85、 It is near the door.5. Lets clean the classroom. Good idea! 6. Let me clean the board. All right.7. It is nice and clean! Good job! 8. What colour is the schoolbag?&
86、#160; Its black and white.9. May I have a look? Sure. Here you are. 10. My schoolbag is heavy. 11. What is in the schoolbag? 12. How many picture-books do you have?13. My friend is strong. He has short hair.14. I have a new friend. He likes sports.
87、; She likes music.15.Whats his name ? His name is Zhang Peng. 16. Whats her name ? Her name is Amy. 17. Is this your bedroom?
88、 Yes, it is./No, it isnt.18. I have a new eraser.19. Is she in the study? No, she isnt. Shes in the kitchen.20. Where are the keys? They are in the door.21 Are they on the table? No, they arent. 22. Whats for dinner? Rice, fish and vegetables.23. What would you like for dinner? Id like some
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