情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)講解學(xué)習(xí)

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)精品文檔情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)(modalverbs+have+pastparticiple)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞原型連用，表示對(duì)目前或?qū)?lái)情況的看法或態(tài)度情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和完成時(shí)連用時(shí)，表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的看法或態(tài)度。1. should+have+過(guò)去分詞表示過(guò)去本應(yīng)該一”，實(shí)際上是說(shuō)話(huà)人在表達(dá)責(zé)備，抱怨或遺憾的意思。Weshouldhavecutawaythejunglebush.我們本應(yīng)該把叢林的灌木砍掉。HowIregrettedthedayswhenIhadplayedandshouldhavestudied.我多么懊悔我把本應(yīng)該好好學(xué)習(xí)的日子都玩掉了。shouldn't+have+

2、去分詞表示過(guò)去本不應(yīng)該”而實(shí)際上做了的動(dòng)作。Youshouldn'thavetoldanyoneaboutit.你本來(lái)不應(yīng)該告訴任何人。Theyshouldn'thaveleftsosoon.他們本來(lái)不應(yīng)該去得那么早。2. oughtto+have+過(guò)去分詞表示過(guò)去本應(yīng)該-"，相當(dāng)于"should+h&e+過(guò)去分詞”Yououghttohavehelpedhim.你本應(yīng)該幫他一把。Yououghttohavereturnedthesebookstotheschoollibrarylastweek.上周你就應(yīng)該把這些書(shū)還給學(xué)校圖書(shū)室。否定形式ought

3、n'tto+have+過(guò)去分詞=shouldn't+have過(guò)去分詞eg.Yououghtn'ttohavetakenhisumbrellaaway.你不該把他的傘拿走。Heoughtn'ttohavebeenthere.收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除精品文檔他本不應(yīng)該到那去。3. must+have+過(guò)去分詞表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，譯成當(dāng)時(shí)一定；想必已經(jīng)；當(dāng)時(shí)可能WhatachallengeImusthavebeentothisyoungteacher.對(duì)這位年輕教師來(lái)說(shuō)，教我這樣的學(xué)生當(dāng)時(shí)一定是個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。Sincetheditchisfullofwa

4、ter,itmusthaverainedlastnight.因?yàn)闇侠餄q滿(mǎn)了水，昨晚一定下過(guò)雨了。表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的否定推測(cè)時(shí)。要用“can't(couldn't)+haiVe+分詞”，一般不用“mustn't+have過(guò)去分詞Joecan'thaveleft.Isawhimjustnow.喬不可能離開(kāi)了，剛才我還看見(jiàn)他了。Thepartycouldn'thavebeensuccessfulasyouhadhoped.舞會(huì)不可能象你希望的那樣成功。“must+have+過(guò)去分詞”表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況推測(cè)時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句用have(has),有明確表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(

5、before除外)反意疑問(wèn)句用did.Hemusthavefinishedhishomework,hasn'the?他準(zhǔn)把作業(yè)做完了。對(duì)嗎？Hemusthaveattendedthemeetingyesterdayevening,didn'the?他昨晚上肯定參加會(huì)議了，是嗎？4. may(might)+have+過(guò)去分詞表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，可用于肯定句，否定句，但不用于疑問(wèn)句InreturnImayhavebeenabletoteachyoualittleaboutmedicaltechnique.作為報(bào)答，我也許教給了你們一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)醫(yī)療技術(shù)。Mighthehavebeenca

6、ughtandkilled?他有可能被抓住殺掉了嗎？收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除精品文檔might+have+過(guò)去分詞也能表示對(duì)過(guò)去的事情的可能性的推測(cè)，有本應(yīng)該一”，含有婉轉(zhuǎn)責(zé)備的意思。YoumighthavelistenedtomewhileIwastalkingtoyou.我對(duì)你講話(huà)時(shí)，你應(yīng)該認(rèn)真聽(tīng)才對(duì)。Youmighthaveletmeknowbeforeyouwentout.外出之前，你本應(yīng)該先告訴我一聲。5. can(could)+have+過(guò)去分詞表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)?！癱an+have+過(guò)去分詞”一般多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句，不用于肯定句。Canhehavegoneyest

7、erday?難道他昨天就已經(jīng)走了嗎？Theycan'thavelostthemselvesinthewoods,becauseIdrewamaptothem.他們不可能在森林中迷路，因?yàn)槲医o他們畫(huà)了一張畫(huà)。Billcouldn'thavegonehomethisweekend.Isawhimattheschoolgroundthismorning.本周末貝爾不可能回家，今天下午我還在學(xué)校操場(chǎng)上看見(jiàn)他了。Marycan'thavegonetoschool.It'sSunday.瑪麗不可能去上學(xué)，今天是星期天。在表示對(duì)過(guò)去某事的推測(cè)時(shí)，可用could/might/m

8、ay+完成時(shí)。Theycould/might/mayhaveheardthenewsfromsmith.他們也許從史蜜斯那兒聽(tīng)到了這個(gè)消息。6. need+have+過(guò)去分詞表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有必要做”，但實(shí)際做了。有責(zé)備的意思。否定形式表示做了本不應(yīng)該做”的事Youneedn'thavewokenmeupsoearly.It'sSundaytoday.你沒(méi)有必要這么早就叫醒我，(因?yàn)?今天是星期天。Youneedn'thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.你本來(lái)不必澆這些花，因?yàn)樘炀鸵掠炅?。Youneedn'thaveto

9、ldhimthenews;heknewitalready.收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除精品文檔你不必再告訴他這個(gè)消息，他已經(jīng)知道了。Youneedn'thavewalkedup;youcouldhavetakenthelift.你沒(méi)必要走著上去；你本來(lái)可以乘電梯。didn'tneedtodo(=Ididn'thaveto)的本沒(méi)有必要做也沒(méi)有做”Ididn'tneedtogotothebank.IborrowedsomemoneyfromMary.我不必去銀行-我找瑪麗借了點(diǎn)兒錢(qián).翻譯理解以下句子：1. Itmusthaverainedlastnight

10、,forthegroundiswet.2. Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktoananimal.3. Mr.Smithcan'thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.4. Marycan'thavetakenyourdictionary.Shehasgonehome.5. Thereisnolightintheroom.Cantheyhavegoneout?6. Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecantheyhavegone?7. Hecouldhavepassedthee

11、xam,buthewastoocareless.8. WhathashappenedtoGeorge?Idon'tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.9. Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasbusy.10. Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.11. Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.12. Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldn'tha

12、vebeensoharshonhim.13. IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.14. Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.15. Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwineonlyfivepeoplecame.鞏固性練習(xí)：從A、B、C、D中選擇最佳答案。1.-Youdidn'twaitforMr.Smithlastnight,didyou?-No,butwe.Hedidn'treturnhomeatall.A. couldn'thavewaitedB. needn'thav沒(méi)有必

13、要做但實(shí)際做了C. didn'tneedtfi有必要做實(shí)際也沒(méi)有做D.shouldwait收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除精品文檔2. HarryhavewonthePhysicscompetitioneasilyyesterday,buthegaveup.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.must3. -MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMr.Smithatsixo'clocktonight-"I'msorry,Mr.Smtoaconferencebeforethen.”A.willhavegoneB.hadgoneC.would

14、havegoneD.hasgone4. -Tomtookawaymycellphonewithoutbeingpermitted.-Really?Ican'timaginethathehavedonesuchathing.A.mustB.mayC.canD.should5. -WasitMarywhomadethesuggestion?-Ithavebeen.Ican'tremember.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.may6. Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.Ithetroubletocarrymyumbrellawit

15、hme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn'thavetakenD.mustn'thavetaken7. Hepaidforaseat,whenhehaveenteredfree.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need8. Ididn'tseehierthemeetingroomthismorning.Sheatthemeeting.A.mustn'thavespokenB.mightn'thavespokenC.can'thavespokenD.shouldn'thavespo

16、ken9. -Hi,isthatPeterBrown?-Sorry.Youthewrongnumber.A.mustdialB.musthavedialedC.shoulddialD.shouldhavedialed10.Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.Theyatleast150kilometersanhour.A. shouldhavebeendoingB. musthavebeendoingC. couldhavedoneD. wouldhavedone11. Heisnotpoor.Youhavelenth

17、imthemoney.A.can'tB.needn'tC.couldn'tD.mustn't12. Therewasplentyoftime.Youhavehurried.收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除精品文檔A.won'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.couldn't13. Ihereintime,butImetanoldfriendofmine.Istoppedandtalkedwithhimforsometime.A. shouldn'thavecomeB. musthavecomeC. needn&

18、#39;thavecomeD. couldhavecome14. Theyhavefinishedtheworkyesterday,butitwasraininghard.A.mustB.couldC.shouldD.might15. Hewassenttohospital.Somethingtohim.A. musthappenB. shouldhavehappenedC. couldhavehappenedD. musthavehappened16. Ididn'thearthephone.Iasleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen17. -Irangyourhomeyesterday.AmanansweredbutIdidn'trecognizethevoice.-On,itmybrother,Peter.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.canhavebeenD.mightbeKeysforreference:1-5CAADD6-10CACBB11-15BCDBD16-3BB教學(xué)反