被動語態(tài)講解及練習

1、被動語態(tài)（Passive Voice）【語態(tài)】(Voice)（主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)） 1、語態(tài)的分類：（1）主動語態(tài)：動作的執(zhí)行者作主語。（2）被動語態(tài)：動作的承受者作主語。2、被動語態(tài)的動詞特征：助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞(簡稱：be + p.p.),變否疑。3、被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)：（1）一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)： is/am/are + p.p. 否定：isnt/am not/arent +p.p.（2）一般過去時的被動語態(tài)： was/were + p.p. 否定：wasnt/werent + p.p.（3）一般將來時的被動語態(tài)： will+ be + p.p. 否定：wont be +p.p.

2、（4）情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)： must/can/may+ be + p.p.否定： mustnt/cant/may not + be +p.p. (5) 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài): have/has+been+p.p. 否定: havent/hasnt +been + p.p.（說明：以上5種為必須要掌握的形式，以下3種為了解的形式。）（6）現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)： is/am/are + being + p.p.否定： isnt/am not/arent + being + p.p.（7）過去完成時的被動語態(tài)； had + been + p.p.否定：hadnt + been + p.p.（8）過去

3、將來時的被動語態(tài)： would + be + p.p.否定：wouldnt + be + p.p.e.g.,(1) The exercise must_(finish) today.(2) Football _(play) in the world.(3) My wallet_(steal) yesterday.(4) The bridge _(build)now.(5) The story_(read) by me for three weeks.4、被動語態(tài)的變化步驟：(1)劃分主語、謂語和賓語(2)將主動語態(tài)的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語(3)將主動語態(tài)的動詞變成be+p.p.形式（要保持原來

4、的時態(tài)形式）(注意動詞的時態(tài)形式和主語的單數(shù)和復數(shù)形式)(4)將主動語態(tài)的主語變成“by+賓格”結(jié)構(gòu)（可以省略） e.g. (1) People named the two pandas “Tuantuan” and “Yuanyuan”.(2) We will finish the work in two days.(3) We must protect forests.(4) I have kept the dog for two years. *(5)Did the dog eat the meat? *(6)Who has take the books away?Keys(參考答案):

5、(1) The two pandas were named “Tuantuan” and “Yuanyuan” (by people).(2)The work will be finished (by us) in two days.(3)Forests must be protected (by us).(4)The dog has been kept (by me) for two days.(5)Was the meat eaten by the dog?(6)Who(m) have the books been taken away by?5、不用被動語態(tài)動詞：（1）have 有（2）

6、look,sound,smell,taste等連系動詞（3）take place /happen（4）get to/arrive(at/in)/reach到達（5）rise升起,上升（6）ring(鈴響)（7）begin/start開始（8）lie躺The book sells well.(這本賣得好)The meat cooks well.（8）return(回來，回歸不用被動，歸還可用被動語態(tài))（9）leave(離開不用被動語態(tài)，留下/遺忘可用被動語態(tài))e.g.(1)The idea _(sound) great. Lets go together.(2)The story _(happe

7、n) in USA ten years ago.(3)The Olympics_(take place) in Beijing in 2008.(4)The kind of bicycle_(sell) well.Keys(參考答案):(1)sounds(2)happened(3)took place(4)sells6、常用被動語態(tài)：（1）be located in(2)be covered with(3)be called （4）be made of(in/from)(5)be made up of(6)be asked to do sth(7)be invited to do sth (8

8、)be used for doing sth/to do sthe.g. (1)The streets _(cover) with snow because it_(snow) heavily last night.(2)We_(tell) to come to school yesterday.(3)Many friends _(invite) to my birthday part because it is my birthday tomorrow.Keys(參考答案):(1)was covered, snowed(2) were told(3) were invited7、動詞不定式的

9、省to形式的被動語態(tài)：（變被動時，要還原to）make sb do sthbe made to do sth）see sb do sth/watch sb do sth/hear sb do sth/notice sb do sthe.g. (1) Floods made people leave their home.(被動語態(tài))(2) Teachers made us_in the classroom, so we were made _our homework.A. stay, doB.to stay, doC.to stay, to do D.stay, to doKeys(參考答案)

10、:(1)People were made to leave their home (by floods).(2) D8、動詞后面跟雙賓語：( 人在物前不用介詞，物在人前要用介詞to或for) 只需將其中的一個賓語（要么人，要么物）變成被動語態(tài)的主語 注意:make/buy/draw常與for連用 e.g. make sth for sb/buy sth for sbe.g.(1)Uncle Li gave us a big dinner yesterday.We _ _ a big dinner _ Uncle Li yesterday.A big dinner_ _ _us _Uncle L

11、i yesterday.(2)Dad will buy me a present.I _ _ a present _ Dad.A present _ _ _ _ me _ Dad.Keys(參考答案):(1) were given, by ; was given to, by(2) will be bought, by ; will be bought for, by9、“動詞+副詞”或“動詞+介詞“結(jié)構(gòu) 在變成被動語態(tài)后，介詞或副詞不能漏掉e.g. (1)We must look after our eyes.(2)How did you deal with the dog?Keys(參考答

12、案):(1) Our eyes must be looked after by us.(2) How was the dog dealt with by you?10、同步練習被動語態(tài)練習I. 選擇最佳答案:( ) 1. English _ in Britain.A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 2. This popular song _ by us after class.A. often sings B. often sangC. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 3. This

13、 kind of bike _ in Germany.A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 4. New computers _ in our school.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 5. Our flat must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 6. A new hospital _ at the corner of the street.A. is building B. is bei

14、ng built C. been built D. be building( ) 7. The key _ on the sofa when I left.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 8. Doctors _ all over the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 9. His new book_ next year.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being p

15、ublished D. has been published( ) 10. French _ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 11. These papers _ yet.A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 12. The sports meeting _ be held until next week.A. di

16、dn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't( ) 14. The two panda were taken to Taiwan _ us.A. forB. inC. toD. by( ) 15. The book _.A. sells goodB. sells wellC. is sold goodD. is sold well( ) 16. The broken bike_ here by Old Wang.A. can repair B. can be repaired C. can be repairing D. can repai

17、ring( ) 17. The jar _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 18. Cotton _ in the southeast of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 19. The bridges_ a few years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 20.These

18、babies _in the hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 21. These bridges _stone.A. are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into( ) 22. These books_ by the writer in the 1980s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D. were writ

19、ingII用所給動詞的適當時態(tài)和語態(tài)填空。1_this kind of car _(produce) in Shanghai?2The shop _ (close) at this time of day.3Some children _ (take ) good care by the nurse.4Some new houses _ (build) by the villagers themselves.5What language _ (speak) in Canada?6The colour TV _ (buy) in that shop three days ago.7The doc

20、tor said Jim must _ (operate ) on at once.8-“_the bridge _(repair) yet?”-“Yes. ” 9We are in Grade One this year, so we _ (teach ) physics next year.10-“Where _(be) you last night?”-“I_(ask) to help Tom at home”11The big tree _ (blow)down in the storm last night.12The Great Wall _ (know) all over the

21、 world.13_the film _ (show) many times since last Sunday?14_the street lights usually _(turn) on at seven in summer evening?15Shanghai Museum _ (locate) in the centre of Shanghai.III 按要求改寫句子1. Mr. Smith told us some customs of England. （改為被動語態(tài)） We _ _ some customs of England.2. You can keep the book

22、 for two weeks. （改為被動語態(tài)） The book can_ _ for two weeks.3. The recent tsunami killed over 140,000 people. （改為被動語態(tài)） Over 140,000 people _ _ by the recent tsunami.4. We should take good care of our desks. （改為被動語態(tài)） Our desks should _ _ good care of our desks.5. We will hold the meeting this afternoon. （