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1、八年級英語(下)期末復(fù)習(xí)提綱 Unit 1 Useful Expressions 1. make predictions 做預(yù)測 2. free time 空閑時間 3. flyto 乘坐飛往 4. on a space station 在太空站上 5. I disagree. 我不同意. 6. fall/be in love with sb. 與sb.相愛 7. keep pets 養(yǎng)寵物 8. be able to 能夠 9. predict the future 預(yù)測未來 10. come true 實(shí)現(xiàn) 11. see sb. do sth. 看見sb.做某事(的全過程) doing

2、sth. 看見sb.正在做某事(片斷) 12. help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 13. hundreds of 數(shù)以百計的 14. try to do sth. 盡力做某事 15. look like 看上去長的像 16. look for 尋找 17. 一段時間 + from now (從現(xiàn)在起)之后 from now on = in the future 今后 Key Points 1. Do you think ? I think (that. I dont think (that. 2. study at home on computer 辨析:on,in和wit

3、h. on:表示使用通訊工具、信息或傳媒,乘坐交通工具等; in:使用語言文字等媒介; with:借助具體的手段或工具。 Eg. I dont want to talk about it on the phone. Can you speak it in English? Dont write it with a red pen. 3. Will people use money in 100 years? “in+時間”結(jié)構(gòu)常與一般將來時連用,對其進(jìn)行提問時用特殊疑問詞how soon. 4. before ago 與過去時連用 Grammar Focus 1. The Simple Fut

4、ure tense 一般將來時的三種基本結(jié)構(gòu): will +V. be going to +V. be + Ving 一般將來時的時間狀語:in + 時間,in the future,next + 時間, 與tomorrow 相關(guān)的時間,this + 時間,from now on,right now,some day 2.形容詞、副詞的比較級用法 Unit 2 UE 1. argue with sb. 與某人爭吵 about/over sth. 為某事爭吵 2. out of style/danger 過時/脫離險境 in style/danger 時尚/處于危險之中 3. call up s

5、b. (代詞放中間)給某人打電話 4. keep out 不讓進(jìn)入 5. Whats wrong? 怎么啦? 6. be surprised at 對感到吃驚 7. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那里借入某物 8. need to do sth. (某人)需要做某事 doing sth. (某物)需要做某事 9. pay for sth. 為某物付(錢) 10. the same + n. + as 與一樣的n. 11. get on well with sb. 與某人相處融洽 12. have a fight with sb. 與某人爭吵 13. take part in

6、加入 14. plan sth. for sb. 為某人計劃某事 15. as much as possible 盡可能多的 KP. 1. Sb. pay for sth. 某人為某物花了錢。 Sth. cost sb. 某物花了某人錢。 Sb. spend on sth. 某人花了(時間、金錢)在某事上。 (in doing sth. 某人花了(時間、金錢)做某事。 It takes/took sb. to do sth. 花了某人(時間、金錢)做某事 。 2. not until 直到才 (主句動詞是短暫性動詞) until 一直到 (主句中使用延續(xù)性動詞) 3. leave GF 情態(tài)動

7、詞 1. 情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化; 2. 情態(tài)動詞不能直接做謂語,必須和一個動詞原形同時使用; 3. 大多數(shù)情態(tài)動詞沒有時態(tài)的變化; 4. 情態(tài)動詞加上be,通常表示猜測的語氣。 Unit3 UE 1. in front of - behide 在的前面 - 在的后面 in the front of - at the back of 在的前部 - 在的后部(包含在內(nèi)) 2. take off 起飛 3. get out of 離開 4. You are kidding. 胡說八道 5. follow sb. to do sth. 跟著某人做某事 6. get into 進(jìn)入 7. shou

8、t at 訓(xùn)斥、責(zé)備 shout to 向喊叫 8. What happen? 發(fā)生什么事了? happen = take place 發(fā)生 9. in silence 沉默地 10. in space 在太空中 11. at the doctors 在診所 12. jump down from 從跳下 13. climb up the tree 爬上樹 KP “as + 形容詞/副詞的原級+as”表示“和一樣” 否定形式:“not as/so + 形容詞/副詞的原級+as” 表示“和不一樣” GF 1. The Past Progressive Tense 過去進(jìn)行時 用法:表示在過去某一時

9、刻或某段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作。 謂語結(jié)構(gòu):be ( was, were + Ving 時間狀語:at that time/moment at + 點(diǎn)鐘 + yesterday/last night from +點(diǎn)鐘 + to +點(diǎn)鐘 + yesterday this time yesterday just then when he came in, .(when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句是過去時,并且動詞是短暫性動詞時,主句使用過去進(jìn)行時) 2. when & while when與while都是從屬連詞,都有“當(dāng)時”的意思。 when 可與一個點(diǎn)的時間或表示一段的時間連用,從句動詞可以是短暫

10、性或延續(xù)性動詞; while 只指一段時間,不能指一點(diǎn)時間。因此while從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。 Unit 4 UE 1. have a surprise party 舉辦一個驚喜派對 2. be mad at/with sb. for sth. 因為某事對某人發(fā)火 be mad about/on sth./sb. 對某事/某人很著迷 3. not anymore = not any more = no more 不再 4. first of all 首先 5. pass ( on sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人 pass on (代詞放中間) 6. work on 從事

11、7. be supposed to = should 應(yīng)該 8. be good/better/best at 擅長于 do well/better/best in 9. report card 成績單 10. the disappointing result 令人失望的結(jié)果 11. this semester 本學(xué)期 12. Hows it going? 你好嗎? How goes it? How are things going? 13. be in good/poor/bad/ill health 健康狀況好/不好/糟糕/病著 14. end of year exams 期末考 15.

12、get/be nervous of sth./doing sth. 對某事/做某事感到緊張 16. have a hard time with sth. 在某事上/做某事處境困難 doing sth. 17. Its just that 這 只是由于 18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 doing sth. 忘記做過某事 19. get over 克服 20. for now 至今為止 21. open up 打開 22. care for 照顧 KP 1. true 符合客觀事實(shí)的(人和事) really 真實(shí)存在的(人和事) 2. be sure that 確信 3.

13、 I dont think (that 我不認(rèn)為(否定前置) GF 1. The object clause 賓語從句 引導(dǎo)詞:that 引導(dǎo)陳述句,在句中可省略; if,whether 引導(dǎo)一般疑問句,可相互替換(從句中出現(xiàn)or not時只能使用whether); wh-,h- 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句。 主句 從句 一般現(xiàn)在時 各種時態(tài) 一般過去時 相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài) 時態(tài): 注意:從句講述的是客觀真理時,不根據(jù)主句改變時態(tài)。 語序:引導(dǎo)詞后加陳述句語序 “主句 + 引導(dǎo)詞 + 從句主語 + 從句謂語 + 其他” 2. Direct Speech and Reported Speech 直接引語變?yōu)殚g接

14、引語時參照賓語從句的變法,把雙引號內(nèi)的句子變?yōu)橘e語從句即可。以下是另需變化的兩點(diǎn) 人稱和所有格:“ 一主,二賓,三不變 ” 狀語與動詞 Unit 5 UE 1. have a great time 過得很愉快 2. wear jeans 穿牛仔褲 3. let sb. in/out/by 讓某人進(jìn)來/出去/過去 4. be late for 遲到 5. be sorry (that 感到遺憾 6. organize sth. for 為組織某事 7. half (of the class 半班 8. take away 把拿走、沒收 bring sth. to 把某物帶來 take sth.

15、from 從把某物帶走 9. Why not? 為什么不呢? 10. clean up 收拾干凈 11. make a lot of money 掙許多錢 12. be famous for 因而出名 be famous as 因作為而出名 13. join = take part in 參加 14. a professional athlete 職業(yè)運(yùn)動員 15. get injured 受傷 16. a great chance 一次好機(jī)會 17. all the time 一直 18. around the world = all over the world 全世界 19. make

16、a living (by doing sth. 做某事謀生 20. complain about sth. 抱怨某事 21. decide to do sth. 決定去做某事 22. in order to do sth. 以便、為了 that + 目的狀語從句 = so that in order 整齊、有條理、正常 23. talk on the phone 講電話 KP 1. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 too many + 可數(shù)名詞 much too + 形容詞 2. against 反對、與相反、與對抗 argue against 抵制 GF 1. The Conditiona

17、l Adverbial Clause 條件狀語從句由if或unless引導(dǎo),表示如果有從句中的動作發(fā)生,就會有主句的動作發(fā)生。在條件狀語從句中,主句是將來時、祈使句或含有情態(tài)動詞的句子時,從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時表達(dá)將來的意思(即:主將從現(xiàn))。 if:如果 unless:除非 = if not,. Eg. We will have a meeting tomorrow if Mr. Gao doesnt leave for Shanghai. = We will have a meeting tom orrow unless Mr. Gao leaves for Shanghai. 2. Impe

18、rative Unit 6 Useful Expression 1. how long 多長時間了? 2. start class/skating/to skate 開始上課/滑冰 = begin class/skating/to skate 3. a skating marathon 一場滑冰馬拉松 4. would like = d like 愿意、想要 5. run out of 跑完 6. by the way 順便問一下 7. more than = over 超過 8. ever since 自從 9. raise money for charity 籌集善款 10. a pair

19、 of 一雙 11. five and a half years 五年半 12. the whole five hours 整整五個小時 13. in Russian style 以俄羅斯的風(fēng)格 Key sentences 1. Every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每位學(xué)生每溜冰一個小時就能為慈善事業(yè)籌到10元錢。 every 和each 都表示“每一個”,但every是指整體,each是指每個個體。 2. Next is Sam. 緊接著的是Sam。 3. Because weve run out o

20、f room to store them. 因為我們已經(jīng)沒地方存放他們了。 4. By the way, whats your hobby? 順便問一下,你有什么愛好? 5. I am interested in the job as a writer. 我對這份作家的工作感興趣。 6. In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago.事實(shí)上,首批猶太人可能是在一千多年前來到開封的。 7. The more I learn about Chinese history, the mor

21、e I enjoy living in China. 我對中國歷史了解的越多,我就越喜歡在中國生活。 8. Although I live quite far from Beijing, . 雖然我住得離北京很遠(yuǎn)。 Grammar 1. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 (1 結(jié)構(gòu):have/has + been + V.ing. (2 用法:表示從過去某一時刻開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在且很有可能持續(xù)下去; Ive been doing the cleaning all this morning. 表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的某一動作剛剛結(jié)束; Youre late again! Ive been waiting

22、here for an hour. 表示一個一直到說話時為止的一段時間內(nèi)一再重復(fù)的動作。 I have been calling you several times in two days. (3 時間狀語:all the time/this morning, since morning, all night, this week/month, recently 等 (3 對現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的時間狀語進(jìn)行提問時使用how long。 How long have you been skating? Ive been skating since I was seven years old. for

23、5 years old. 2. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時與現(xiàn)在完成時區(qū)別: 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時側(cè)重于動作的持續(xù)、運(yùn)行;而現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的完成。如: I have written a letter to my father.(到現(xiàn)在信已寫完)我給我的父親寫了一封信。 I have been writing a letter to my father.(一直在寫,現(xiàn)在還在寫)我一直在給我的父親寫信。 再看:I wrote a letter to my father. 我給我的父親寫過一封信。 Unit 7 Useful Expression 1. turn down/up 調(diào)小/大(音量) turn on/

24、off 打開/關(guān)上(電源開關(guān)) 2. not at all 一點(diǎn)也不 3. right away = in a minute 立刻、馬上 4. do/wash the dish 洗碗 5. get out of 出來 6. put on 穿上(動作) wear 穿著(狀態(tài)) 7. feed the dog 喂狗 keep the dog 養(yǎng)狗 8. return to 把還給 9. help sb. do/with sth. 幫助某人做某事 10. make posters 制作海報 11. a terrible haircut 一個糟糕的發(fā)型 12. have a long telephon

25、e conversation 褒電話粥 13. wait in line 排隊 cut in line 插隊 14. follow sb. around 跟在某人周圍 15. get mad = get annoy = get angry 感到惱火 16. all the time 一直 17. complain about 抱怨 18. be polite 有禮貌 19. try (not to do sth. 盡力(不去)做某事 20. must be 一定是 21. keep down 保持音量 22. seem like 看上去像 23. be allowed 被允許 24. even

26、 if/though 盡管、即使 25. take care = be careful 小心 26. in public places 在公眾場合 in public 公開地,當(dāng)眾地 27. put out 熄滅 28. drop litter 亂丟垃圾 29. pick up 撿起、拾起 Key sentences 1. Would you mind turning down the music? 你介不介意把音樂聲關(guān)小呢? Would you mind (not doing sth.? 你介不介意做(不做)? = Would/Could you please (not do sth.? 請

27、你做(不做)好嗎? 2. I wont be long. 我一會就好。 3. The pen you bought didnt work. 你買的那把筆壞了。 = The pen you bought wasnt broken. = There was something wrong with the pen you bought. = Something was wrong with the pen you bought. 4. Here you are. 給你。 Heres what they said. 以下是他們所說的。 5. I cant stand it. 我無法忍受。 I can

28、t stand to see good food to waste. 我無法忍受看著好食物被浪費(fèi)。 6. Could you please not follow me around? 請你不要跟著我四周好嗎? 7. This happens to me all the time in the school library. 在學(xué)校圖書館我一直碰上這種事。 9. Would you mind keeping your voice down? 你介不介意把音量放小呢? voice: 名詞,指說話和唱歌地嗓音; talk in a loud voice 高聲交談 noise: 名詞,指人們不愿聽到地

29、噪音; sound: 名詞,泛指自然界一切可以聽到的聲音。 10. For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed. 例如,亂丟垃圾是不被允許的。 be allowed 被允許。 “be + 動詞的過去分詞”是被動語態(tài) Unit 8 Useful Expression 1. get her a scarf 送她一條圍巾 2. compare with/to sth. 與相比 3. not creative enough 不夠有創(chuàng)意 4. easy/difficult to take care of 容易/難養(yǎng)活 5. these day

30、s 目前,現(xiàn)在 6. pot-bellied pig 大肚豬 7. spend with her 和她呆在一起 8. not at all 根本不 9. fall asleep 入睡(動作) be asleep 入睡(狀態(tài)) 10. half way = halfway 半道、中途 11. different kinds of 不同種類 12. pay for 付款 13. from across China = from all over China 來自全中國 14. as as 與一樣 not as/soas 與比不 如其 15. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵某

31、人做某事 16. hear of 聽說 17. make progress 取得進(jìn)步 18. be able to = can 能夠 19. have fun with sth. 做有樂趣 Key sentences 1. Why dont you get her a scarf? 為什么不給她買條圍巾呢? get sb. sth. for 為了 給某人買某物 = get sth. to sb. for 注意:當(dāng)sth. 是代詞時,不可使用第二種用法。 2. Thats not interesting enough. 那不夠有趣。 enough有兩種詞性:當(dāng)它用來修飾形容詞、副詞時,作為副詞,

32、應(yīng)放在所修飾的詞之后,如上句;當(dāng)它用來修飾名詞時,應(yīng)放在名詞之后,如:I dont have enough time to spend with her. 3. Whats the best gift (that Joe has ever received? Joe曾經(jīng)受到的最好的禮物 是什么? 4. What a lucky guy! 幸運(yùn)的家伙! 5. I think a dog is a good pet for a 6-year-old child. 我認(rèn)為對于一個六歲的孩子一條狗會是一個好禮物。 6. Dogs are too difficult to take care of. 狗

33、很難照料。 7. The trendiest kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig. 近來最流行的寵物是大腹便便的豬。 8. Life with a pig isnt always perfect. 和一只豬在一起生活并不總是完美的。 9. Now shes too big to sleep in the house. 現(xiàn)在她太大了不能睡在屋子里。 too to :太以致于不能 = so that 主語 cant . e.g. He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he

34、 cant go to school. = He isnt old enough to go to school. = He is very young and he cant go to school. 注意:tooto是一個簡單句,而sothat是一個復(fù)合句。并且當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的主句主語和從句主語不同時,在句型中要用for sb.來表述。如: The digital camera is so expensive that we cant buy it. = The digital camera is too expensive for us to buy. = The digital came

35、ra isnt cheap enough for us to buy. = The digital camera is very expensive and we cant buy it. 10. My shoes were really cheap. They only cost $5. 我的鞋子真的很便宜。只要花5美圓。 cost:花費(fèi)(金錢)主語為物; pay:花費(fèi)(金錢)主語為人; take:花費(fèi)(時間、金錢)主語為物; spend :花費(fèi)(時間、金錢)主語為人。 Grammar 1. Why dont you get her a scarf? = Why not get her a

36、scarf? 為什么不給她買條圍巾呢? How/What about doing sth.? 做怎么樣呢? How/What about + (a/an + n.? 怎么樣呢? 2. Would you mind (not doing sth.? 你介不介意做(不做)? = Would/Could you please (not do sth.? 請你做(不做)好嗎? 注意:7、8兩個單元學(xué)習(xí)的幾種禮貌的提出建議的方式要重點(diǎn)、綜合復(fù)習(xí)。注意他們的搭配。 Unit 9 Useful Expression 1. hear of 聽說 hear from 收到的消息/來信 2. take a rid

37、e 兜風(fēng) 3. end up 結(jié)束 4. argue with sb. 與某人爭吵 5. roller coas ter 過山車 6. a flight attendant 一個機(jī)組乘務(wù)員 7. in fact 事實(shí)上 8. all over the world 全世界 9. think about 考慮 think of 想起;認(rèn)為 10. rather than 寧可;而不是 11. neithernor 既不也不 12. three quarters of 四分之三 13. for example 舉個例子 14. such as 例如 15. on the one hand, on t

38、he other hand,. 一方面,另一方面 16. be asleep 睡著(狀態(tài)) fall asleep 睡著(動作) Key sentences 1. Have you ever been to a water park? 你曾經(jīng)去過水上公園嗎? No, I havent. 不,我沒有。 Me neither. = Neither/Nor have I. 我也沒有。 這是一個否定的省略句。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是“ Neither/Nor + be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”。而用在肯定的省略句中時要使用so,它的結(jié)構(gòu)是“So+ be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞”。如: - I paid 20 yu

39、an for this book. - So did I. 2. The roller coaster is themed with Disney characters. 過山車是以迪斯尼的人物為主題的。 3. The boats take different routes, but they all end up in the same place. 雖然船的路線不同,但它們都停泊在同一個地方。 4. Its just so much fun in Disneyland. 迪斯尼樂園里有如此之多的樂趣。 5. It was because I could speak English that

40、 I got the job. 只是因為我能說英語,我得到了這份工作。 6. More than three quarters of the population are Chinese. 超過四分之三的人是中國人。 7. This is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you like. 就因為這個島是如此接近赤道。所以只要你愿意你任何時候都可以去。 Grammar 1. 現(xiàn)在完成時 (1 用法:動作到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成; 過去發(fā)生或已完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果

41、和影響; 過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。 (2 基本結(jié)構(gòu):have/has + V.過去分詞 (3 時間狀語:already, yet, just, ever, never, once, twice, so far, ever since, for a long time, for + 一段時間, since + 過去的時間點(diǎn)/過去時的從句,等。 (4 注意事項: A. 現(xiàn)在完成時是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài),重點(diǎn)表達(dá)目前的結(jié)果和狀態(tài); B. 表示動作從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在用for + 時間段, since +點(diǎn)時間連用。對for與since短語提問用how long。 C. 現(xiàn)在完成時從不與when引起

42、的疑問句聯(lián)用。 D. have been to:去過 have gone to:去了 have been in:呆在 E. 短暫性動詞變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動詞: buy - have had borrow - have kept join - have been in / have been a member of become - have been a member make friends - have been friends die - have been dead get to know - have known come/go to do - have done catch a cold - have had a cold begin/start to do - have done begin / start - - have been on enter / come / arrive / get to / reach - have been in/at go / leave for / set off / set out - have been aw

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