公共英語(yǔ)PETS講義42

1、Chapter16PopularScienceUnit28PopularScienceUnit28PopularScience語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)1. specificadj.具體的，明確的：Whatisthespecifictimeofarrival?獨(dú)特的，特定的：specificage典型考題Bemore()aboutwhenyouwantustocome.AspecialBparticularCgeneralDspecificUnit28PopularScience語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)2. insightn.洞察力；見(jiàn)識(shí)(常與into連用)TheProfessorhasadeepinsightintotheA

2、mericansociety.這位教授對(duì)當(dāng)前的美國(guó)社會(huì)有深刻的以識(shí)。典型考題Theyoungpoliticianisamanof()AintuitionBpowerfulCinsightDinsightfulUnit28PopularScience語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)3. sheltern.掩蔽處，避身處：Hestoodintheshelteratthebusstop.他站在公共汽車站的候車亭里。v.庇護(hù)，掩護(hù)；遮擋：Wetookshelterfromthestorminabarn我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)谷倉(cāng)里躲避暴風(fēng)雨。避難，躲避1) giveshelterto庇護(hù)2)takeshelter(=findshelter

3、)典型考題Andthedeadtreegivesno()AcoverBshelterCguardDretreatUnit28PopularScience語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)4. capturen.捕獲，戰(zhàn)利品v.俘獲，捕獲，奪取：Thecriminalwascapturedwhentryingtoescapefromthecity.罪才已在企圖逃離這座城市時(shí)被捕獲。典型考題Thetalesofadventure()thechildren'sattention.AcaptureBarrestCimprisonDpullUnit28PopularScience語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)5. confinev.限制，禁閉

4、：Pleaseconfineyourremarkstotheissuesathand.請(qǐng)你把話題局限在手頭的問(wèn)題上。典型考題Thesickchildwas()tobed.AcontainedBconfinedCenclosedDsurroundbeconfinedto是習(xí)慣搭配，意為“被限制在”。Unit28PopularScience語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)6. controversialadj.爭(zhēng)論的，爭(zhēng)議的acontroversialstandonhumanrights引起爭(zhēng)議的人權(quán)立場(chǎng)派生詞：controversy(名詞)爭(zhēng)論，辯論；controversially(副詞)subject典型考題Thel

5、iedetectortestshavebeenaAdominantBcontroversialCmagnificentDprominentUnit28PopularScience語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)7. rationaladj.理性的，合理的，推理的thestageofrationalknowledge理性認(rèn)識(shí)階段典型考題Manisa()being.AsoundBrationalCjustifiableDreasonable反義詞：irrationaladj.不合情理的，不理性的rationalityn.合理性，唯理性justifiable“有理由的”“合隋合理的”reasonable指"合情合

6、理的“、“(價(jià)格)公平合理的”。Unit28PopularScience學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)1 .談肉眼可看見(jiàn)的行星：Manyplanetsarevisibletothenakedeye,suchasMercury,Venus,Mars,Jupiter,andSaturn.2 .如何解釋弓I力：Gravityistheforcethatkeepstheplanetsinorbitaroundthesun.3 .什么是好的科學(xué)節(jié)目：Agoodscienceprogramshouldenableacertainaudiencetoincreaseitsunderstandingofscienceorinsom

7、ewaytogaininsightintoscience.4 .談?dòng)?guó)家長(zhǎng)的難處：BritishparentsmayfinditdifficulttohelptheirchildrenwiththeirScienceandTechnologyhomework.Unit28PopularScience學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)5 .談學(xué)電月齒的必要性：Familiaritywithcomputersisnowessentialaspupilsareexpectedtousespreadsheetsanddatabasesforcollectingandpresentinginformation.6 .科技課是必修

8、課的表達(dá)：Technologyisnowcompulsoryforpupilsagedbetweenfiveandsixteen.7 .談網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物：Shoppingbycomputerneedn'tbeanymoredifficultthanoperatingacassetteplayer.Unit28PopularScience學(xué)習(xí)要點(diǎn)8 .談科學(xué)與政治的界限：Thesharpdividebetweenascientificinsideandapoliticaloutsideisevaporating.9 .談科學(xué)、政治和人的關(guān)系：Andthemoreitdoes,themoreth

9、efateofhumansislinkedtothatofthings,themoreascientificstatementresemblesapoliticalone.10 .談環(huán)境監(jiān)控的方式：Aworldwidenetworkofenvironmentalsensorsmonitorstheplanetinrealtime（即時(shí)的，迅速的）Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue2P354Thiscancaptivateaudiencesaseffectivelyastheverybestthrillers.這樣做就能使節(jié)目如同最暢銷的恐怖小

10、說(shuō)一樣牢牢抓住觀眾。辨析effective,efficient:effective有效的；生效的。例如：Themedicineisaneffectivecureforaheadache.Thelawiseffectiveimmediately.efficient有效率的，能干的。Thisnewcopymachineismoreefficientthantheoldone.這臺(tái)新復(fù)印機(jī)比那臺(tái)舊的效率Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue2P354Aslongasthehumanaspectofscienceisnotignored,andresea

11、rchersarenotreducedtotheroleofexplainingimpersonaldata,anysubjectcanmakeforagoodtelevisionprogram.只要科技的人文作用沒(méi)有被忽略，并且科研人員不再是僅僅充當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單說(shuō)明數(shù)據(jù)的角色，那么任何學(xué)科都可以被做成精彩的電視節(jié)目。arenotreducedto:淪落為。aslongas以為條件，只要。例如：Aslongasyou'veofferedit,Iwillacceptit.既然你已給了我，我就接受。IwillcooperateaslongasIamnotifiedontime.只要及時(shí)告訴我，我就

12、會(huì)合作。Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355Thatdoesnotmeanthatthestorycannotincludenotionsofcomplexityanddoubt,whicharenecessaryfeaturesofscience.但這并不意味著在這種構(gòu)思中不能涉及難理解的概念或疑惑。因?yàn)閺?fù)雜和懷疑是科學(xué)自身的特點(diǎn)。Notions觀念；信念；理解Complexity復(fù)雜Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355Hebreaksdownintearsashetrie

13、stoexplainthesignificanceofhisfinding.節(jié)目中安德魯？威爾斯在說(shuō)明其工作的重要價(jià)值時(shí)激動(dòng)得泣不成聲。breakdownA）使崩潰；毀壞。例如：Webrokedownourresolve.我們喪失了決心。B）消除Prejudicesbreakdownslowly.偏見(jiàn)消除得很慢。C）失效；拋錨Theelevatorbrokedown.Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355SincetheimplementationoftheNationalCurriculuminthelate1980s,theteac

14、hingofthesedisciplineshaschangedradically.從20世紀(jì)80年代國(guó)家課程方案實(shí)施以來(lái)，關(guān)于科技的學(xué)科教育發(fā)生了根本上的改變。1）since在句中是“從時(shí)起”，與想在完成時(shí)連用。又如：Theyhavebeenfriendseversincetheywereingradeschool.他們從/、學(xué)起就直是好朋友。2）since還有"既然；因?yàn)椤钡囊馑?，例如：Sinceyou'renotinterested,1won'ttellyouaboutit.Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3

15、P355ScienceisnolongerpresentedasPhysics,ChemistryandBiologytobelearntparrotfashion,butasapracticaldisciplinerequiringcommunicationskillsandtheapplicationofknowledgeandunderstanding.現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)不再分為物理，化學(xué)和生物來(lái)進(jìn)行"填鴨式"教授，而是作為實(shí)用型的學(xué)科要求學(xué)生的交流技巧，理解和靈活應(yīng)用知識(shí)的能力。presentvtA）介紹，講授。Thereportshouldbepresentedingre

16、atdetailandinclearerlanguageB）贈(zèng)送：Theypresentedflowerstotheirteacher.C）呈交，遞交：Thepetitionwillbepresentedtotheparliamentnextweek.Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P355Theydeveloptheabilitytorecordandreportaswellastotranslateinformationfromoneformtoanothertosuita,particularaudienceorpurpose.他們

17、必須增強(qiáng)記錄和報(bào)告的能力，以使得他們能夠在不同的聽(tīng)眾面前或?yàn)椴煌哪康亩{(diào)整匯報(bào)的方式和內(nèi)容。aswellas1)conj,既又Heiscourageousaswellasstrong.2)prep.(介詞)者B。Theeditorsaswellastheproofreadersareworkingovertime.編輯和校對(duì)者者B在力口班工作。Unit28PopularScienceLanguagepoints:Dialogue3P356Pupilsareencouragedtoidentifyopportunitiesfordesignandtechnologicalactivitiesa

18、ndtoexpressthemverbally.學(xué)生們被鼓勵(lì)找機(jī)會(huì)嘗試設(shè)計(jì)，工藝實(shí)踐和口頭表達(dá)。1)identifyvt.A)認(rèn)出；識(shí)別；鑒定。Iidentifiedthejacketatonce;itwasmybrother's.B)(與with連用)認(rèn)為同一。Heidentifiesbeautywithgoodness.他認(rèn)為美與善是一致的。Unit28PopularSciencePassageP357Answerstothegreatresearchquestionsweresoughtwithinshelteredchambers,wheresmallgroupsofspeci

19、alizedexpertsscaleddown(orup)phenomenainjoyfulisolation.重大課題答案的探索能夠在環(huán)境舒適的實(shí)驗(yàn)室中進(jìn)行。在一個(gè)個(gè)小工作間里，專家們分成小組愉快的分別進(jìn)行縮放或放大比例的實(shí)驗(yàn)。上頂峰1)seek(sought,sought)vt.A)(常與for,after連用)搜尋，尋找。Wesoughtananswertothequestion,butcouldn'tfindone.Unit28PopularSciencePassageP357Answerstothegreatresearchquestionsweresoughtwithins

20、helteredchambers,wheresmallgroupsofspecializedexpertsscaleddown(orup)phenomenainjoyfulisolation.2)scalen.天平，刻度，等級(jí)。例如：arulerwithscalesv.A）改變一大小。例如：scaleddowntheirdemandstofitreality；縮減需求以符合實(shí)際情況B）去除魚(yú)鱗。Scaleandcleanthefish,將魚(yú)除鱗洗凈。C）攀登。例如：scaledthepeak爬上頂峰Unit28PopularSciencePassageP358Callittheeraoftrickle-downscience.這段時(shí)期被稱為“滴落”型科學(xué)時(shí)代。1）trickle-down:adj.（液體的）點(diǎn)滴的；點(diǎn)滴投資理論的。例如：thetrickle-downeffect點(diǎn)滴投資理論作用2