(完整版)2020年高考英語(yǔ)完形填空專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)(word含答案)

1、完形填空專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)2020年高考英語(yǔ)完形填空專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)第 2 頁(yè) 共 13 頁(yè)復(fù)習(xí)思路1. 梳理完形填空的技巧方法2. 擴(kuò)充詞匯運(yùn)用、復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)完型填空題的特點(diǎn)完形填空專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)完形填空設(shè)空以實(shí)詞為主、虛詞為輔，單詞為主、短語(yǔ)為輔。上海高考完型主要考察動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞。其他偶爾有過(guò)渡詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、連詞。體裁上以議論文為主，說(shuō)明文 為輔。題材上以思想、文化、商業(yè)、生活為主，同時(shí)涉及其他話題。完型填空解題步驟1 -通覽-速度全文，把握大意快速閱讀一下全文，通過(guò)通覽全文、領(lǐng)會(huì)大意，概略地了解文章的體裁、背景、內(nèi)容、結(jié) 構(gòu)層次、情節(jié)、寫作風(fēng)格等等。2 -試填-緊扣文意，瞻前顧后先易后難，逐層深入。緊扣

2、全文內(nèi)容，聯(lián)系上下文和語(yǔ)境，展開邏輯推理，注意從上下文中尋 找線索，注意詞匯的意義、搭配，慣用法，語(yǔ)法，常識(shí)等多個(gè)角度進(jìn)行綜合考慮。3 -復(fù)核-全面查，確保語(yǔ)意連貫，用詞準(zhǔn)確試填后，要把全文再通讀一遍，注意看所選答案填入空白處后能否做到文章意思通順、前4 連貫、邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、結(jié)構(gòu)完整、首尾呼應(yīng)完型填空高頻詞匯動(dòng)詞convince; guarantee; ensure; transfer; exist; strike; claim; demonstrate; charge; assemble; reveal; skip; vary; monitor; assess; isolate; classif

3、y; distract; embarrass; stretch; believe; make;consume; dip; shut; replace, reduce, increase, destroy; expand; narrow; strengthen;weaken; protect; punish; warn; contribute; devote; decorate; drain; maintain; preserve;exhaust; exploit; impose; inspire; pioneer; overcome; resist; shift; switch; plunge

4、;account for; postpone; access; remind; inform; amuse; assume; obtain; distribute;anticipate（預(yù)期）;cultivate; recognize; discomfort; threaten; demand; indicate.名詞instinct; ingredient; evidence; miracle; tendency; exposure; principle; efficiency;contribution; contact; infection; opposition; pronunciati

5、on; transformation;principle; standards; measure; solution; crisis; innovation; material; resource; improvement; appearance;stability; smoke; cost; bargain; miracle; existence; trend; delivery; mood; spirit;appetite; stomach; strength; muscle; purpose; concept; means; access; variety; alternative; c

6、ombination;achievement; option; interaction; affirmation; expectation; communication; ecotourism, background, prevention形容詞considerate; aggressive; qualified; reluctant; delicate; positive; negative; ignorant; informative; casual; curious; incurable; demanding; reasonable; social; psychological; evi

7、dent; vital;constant; terrible; wasteful; wonderful; useful; fashionable; beautiful; historic;worthless; ordinary; meaningless; sensitive; agreeable; graceful; financial; appropriate;defensive; fateful （重大的，決定性的）；fruitful （曷后成效的，多產(chǎn)的）；sensitive;multiple; resistant; accessible; critical; reasonable; i

8、nevitable; essential; dramatic;fulfilling（令人滿忌的，能實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人抱負(fù)的）；efficient; ideal; employable; available;respectful （恭敬的，有禮貌的）;negative; frequent; unskilled; compulsoryagreeably; slightly; accidentally; occasionally; physically; psychologically; thoroughly;副詞vaguely; orally; repeatedly; dramatically; subco

9、nsciously; carelessly, regularly; while;recently ;nearly; rarely; mostly; least; oppositely; unfortunately; frankly; In addition,In short; otherwise; eventually necessarily flexibly; naturally; actually, nevertheless, fortunately, definitely, narrowly, widely, practically完型填空解題技巧解題思路一：依據(jù)首句線索，緊扣主題選擇。

10、首句通常是文章的主題句，通常不設(shè)空，便于考 生對(duì)短文主題、內(nèi)容或背景有個(gè)大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事 件、論點(diǎn)等有用的信息。把握了主題句，對(duì)于理解全文和解題很有幫助。 If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. 51,you would see plenty of animals with

11、people running after them. Life for ancient pe ople ' s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.51. A. InsteadB. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Otherwise第4頁(yè)共13頁(yè)(2) Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political

12、 problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple _51_.51. A. claimB. descriptionC. gossipD. language解題思路二：順應(yīng)文意，定位選詞。做題時(shí)，要充分利用上下文，找到有提示作用的詞。這些 詞可以是同義詞、近義詞或反義詞，也可以是并列連詞或轉(zhuǎn)折連詞等等。 Many people think that listening is

13、 a passive business. It is just the 51 one. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work.51 .A. positiveB. oppositeC. sameD. wrongMore than 2,400 years ago, the Greek historian Herodotus described the Egyptian pyramids and other monuments. He may have been the first writer to

14、consider that remains and 52 could provide information for later generations.52. A. booksB. historyC. ruinsD. scienceThe continuous presentation of frightening stories about global warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it _51_ our kids.52 . A. exhausts B. depres

15、ses C. terrifies D. exploits解題思路三：注意固定搭配，常用句型。包括動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配、動(dòng)詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等，同時(shí)要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語(yǔ)。 The department for Education and Skills wants to 60 teaching of modem foreign languages (MFT) at an earlier stage in the future. Primary school children will get greater61to foreign language learning.D. off

16、er60. A. permit B. encourage C. demand61. A. admission B. accessC. chanceD. approach解析：教育與技術(shù)部門將來(lái)打算在教育更早階段提供外語(yǔ)教學(xué)，所以60選Do 61題考查固定搭配 access to的用法，學(xué)生需要總結(jié)相關(guān) access的搭配,have access to或者offer access to,to 是介詞。完形填空專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí) That also explains why schools and companies organize challenging trips and physical activ

17、ities to _62_ team spirit.62. A. build upB. put down C. take over D. make out63. _60_ of people now believe - incorrectly - that global warming is not even caused by humans.64. A. mixtureB. majorityC. quantityD. crowd解題思路四：注意同形詞的辨析。 Digital fingerprinting, fluctuations (波動(dòng)) in the dollar exchange ra

18、te, and a mass of online information are some of the ways making travel to the United Nations in 2010 a different_51_ for international visitors than it was earlier in the 21 st century.51. A. experiment B. examinationC. experience D. excursion1 A traveler from a country_60_ in the VWP must obtain a

19、n Electronic System for Travel Authorization(ESTA), an online travel authorization, established by DHS. ESTA determines, before the traveler boards a flight, whether the traveler is_61_to travel to the United States under the VWP and whether such travel poses any law implementation or security risks

20、.60 .A.perseveringB. previewingC. participatingD. promoting61 .A.accessibleB. acceptableC. availableD. adaptable解題思路五：根據(jù)生活常識(shí)以及文化背景確定選項(xiàng)。 EFL teachers often complain that students, despite years of studying English, simply will not speak it. They re too _63_ making mistakes of the grammar or mispronou

21、ncingwords in a way that would _64_ them.63. A. confident in B. comfortable withC. keen onD. afraid of64. A. amuseB. informC. remindD. embarrass解題思路六: 利用原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)或同現(xiàn), 選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。1. 在完形填空中 , 某一詞語(yǔ)通常重復(fù)出現(xiàn), 使得語(yǔ)篇中的句子相互銜接和連貫, 從而構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的意義整體。 First of all he was a window-cleaner and in his first week he managed to si

22、xwindows.A. rub B. drop C. break D. clean2. 同現(xiàn)指意義上相互聯(lián)系的單詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一語(yǔ)篇中。 一個(gè)語(yǔ)篇,一個(gè)話題,要求有與之相連的詞匯。1）名詞同現(xiàn)：與一個(gè)話題或一個(gè)名詞出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)語(yǔ)境的另一個(gè)名詞。如：school-primaryschool middleschool college universitystudents pupils graduates postgraduates2）動(dòng)詞同現(xiàn)：與一個(gè)話題或一個(gè)名詞出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)語(yǔ)境的另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞。如：school teach learn attend found drop out graduate b

23、e dismissed3. 形容詞同現(xiàn); 就某一語(yǔ)境而言所能出現(xiàn)的形容詞也是有規(guī)律的。如： 在學(xué)校這個(gè)語(yǔ)境中：(key) school (optional) course (compulsory) course4)結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)：結(jié)構(gòu)同現(xiàn)批搭配之類的句型和成對(duì)出現(xiàn)的短語(yǔ)。如：some-,others; on one hand,on the other hand; former - flatter; sothat; notonly but also; hardly/scarcelywhen；no sooner than ; be about to do /be doing /haddone /be o

24、n the point of doing/be to do/be ready to do/be on the way when ；I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn' empty at all.It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new, dressed neatly.A. roommate B. c

25、lassmate C. neighbor D. companion 2) The 60 Knows .Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction.60. A. Nose B. EyeC. HeartD. Hand解題思路七：仔細(xì)分析長(zhǎng)又t句。找出句子主干，主從句，定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)等。In today' American society, high school dropout has day by day grown into a big problem threatening social and economic

26、 stability, as many cases of family 51 or eventragedies, caused by youth dropout are grabbing headlines in media.51.A. objections B. conflictsC. establishments D. happiness答案：Bo長(zhǎng)難句分析，第一層是as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，主句是school dropout has grown into a big problem.后面緊跟 動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)。 As從句中 caused過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。在進(jìn)行句子分析時(shí)，一定注意把定語(yǔ)等找出

27、來(lái)。 In many countries, the language of education is not the same as the language of the home for 53 the majority of children . Furthermore, in many countries, young language learners comprise the most rapidly growing segment of the elementary (primary) school population. 54 While in some schools ther

28、e is no extra support to help young language learners acquire the language of instruction, in most countries where there are large numbers of young learners, there is a 55 awareness of their special needs.55. A. reducing B. watchingC. growingD. slipping第10頁(yè)共13頁(yè)解析：55題根據(jù)前文可以推斷出選C. growing表示提高的意識(shí)。可以對(duì)這個(gè)

29、長(zhǎng)句子進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)難句分析：首先是while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。在while從句中運(yùn)用了 help sbdo sth的結(jié)構(gòu)。在主句中,where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是countries.解題思路八：仔細(xì)推敲，注重邏輯。做完完形填空題后，要根據(jù)所選答案迅速地把文章完整地讀一遍，看語(yǔ)法、慣用法對(duì)不對(duì)看是否符合上下文的邏輯；看是否符合故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展，以便更正可能的錯(cuò)誤選擇。 一個(gè)完整 的語(yǔ)篇應(yīng)該是符合邏輯的，文章邏輯關(guān)系的取得主要靠過(guò)渡詞的使用。作者利用轉(zhuǎn)承語(yǔ)保證 文章的邏輯，學(xué)生在做完形填空時(shí)應(yīng)通過(guò)自己對(duì)上下文的理解，找到適當(dāng)?shù)倪壿嬯P(guān)系，然后選擇正確的過(guò)渡詞。學(xué)生必掌握常見的過(guò)渡詞：1.遞進(jìn)s mor

30、e, what s worse, tcin addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what matters worse, to make things worse , worse still2比較in the same way, as with, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as3對(duì)照in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, on the contrary, while4

31、 .因果because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result (of), so, thus5 .強(qiáng)調(diào)certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, especially,in particular, absolutely6 .讓步although, though, after all, in spite of7 .舉例for example, for instance, that is, n

32、amely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8 .時(shí)間和空間afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, finally, at lastoutside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of9 .總結(jié)to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all

33、, in all, in summary表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：例1:a survey of 99 green buildings in America found that on average, they use 30% less energy than conventional buildings. .The traditional approach of trying to minimizeconstruction costs, 58, can lead to higher energy bills and wasted materials.58. A. in return B. for ins

34、tance C. by contrast D. in general答案解析：綠色建筑比傳統(tǒng)建筑少用30%的能源，與之形成又#匕的是，傳統(tǒng)建筑會(huì)導(dǎo)致更高的能源成本及材料的浪費(fèi)。所以選C,與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比。例2:The following numbers would be 55 for most of us to remember. 1492178919931848. But look at them in" chunks ” , and it becomes much ea8Ser. 14921993 1848.55. A. convenientB. impossibleC. me

35、aningful D. technical答案解析：兩句之間的But表明是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，下文出現(xiàn)了 "it becomes much easier ,所以此空要填的詞與 easier形成對(duì)比，即選B,impossible。表示因果關(guān)系：例1 ：51 its artful design and some fancy technology, it is expected to consume up to 50%less energy than a conventional office building.51. A. In place of B. Thanks to C. In spite

36、of D. In addition to答案解析：句意是由于藝術(shù)性的設(shè)計(jì)及奇特的技術(shù)，環(huán)保建筑大樓比傳統(tǒng)的辦公大樓少消耗50%的能源”所以此空可得出答案為 Bo例2:a survey of 99 green buildings in America found that on average, they use 30% less energy than conventional buildings. So any additional building costs can be 57 quickly.57. A. recovered B. gainedC. countedD. valued答案

37、解析：句意是綠色建筑比傳統(tǒng)建筑少用30%能源，所以增加的建筑成本可以很快回收?！碧崾驹~So,表明上下文為因果關(guān)系，所以選A.表示并列關(guān)系：例1 : improve employee s health and productivity, reduce legal liability, and 56 property values and rental returns.56. A. involveB. enhance C. shareD. show答案解析：句意是綠色環(huán)保建筑能夠改善員工的健康及生產(chǎn)力，并且增加建筑的價(jià)值及租金回報(bào)”，根據(jù)and可看出此空是與前面的improve構(gòu)成并列。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

38、，只有B表示 蹭強(qiáng)或提高"，所以答案為Bo表示條件關(guān)系：例1:Life would be so much easier if we could remember things 5151. A. effortlesslyB. purposefullyC. exactlyD. carelessly答案解析：句意是生活將變的更容易，如果記憶不費(fèi)力氣?！彼赃xAo表示解說(shuō)關(guān)系：例1 :there is nothing 61 about these methodsthey were around even in ancient times.61. A. effectiveB. awfulC.

39、valuable D. new答案解析：句意是這些方法沒(méi)有什么新穎之處一他們?cè)诠糯鸵呀?jīng)有了?！本渲械钠普厶?hào)表示解釋說(shuō)明，所以選Do例題及練習(xí)Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining （留?。?customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they oft

40、en 51 the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business 52 that the customer remains a customer.53 to conce

41、ntrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing 54 , this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few

42、 companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55 implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big _56 in its performance. Research in the US found that a five p

43、er cent decrease in the number of defecting （流失的）customers led to 57 increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.In the US, Domino ' s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and

44、58 never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in 59 profits （more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience）.The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. "Inpractice most companies marketing effort is focused on getting

45、customers, with little attention paid to 61 them" says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University School of Management. " Researclsuggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. 62 customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to se

46、rvice than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price 63 , and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.50. A. in particularB. in realityC. at leastD. first of all51. A. emphasiz

47、eB. doubtC. overlookD. believe52. A. denyingB. ensuringC. arguingD. proving53. A. MovingB. HopingC. StartingD. Failing54. A. marketsB. tastesC. pricesD. expenses55. A. cultureB. socialC. financialD. Economical56. A. promiseB. planC. mistakeD. difference57. A. costB. opportunityC. profitD.budget58. a

48、s a resultB. on the wholeC. in conclusionD. on the contrary59. A. hugeB. potentialC. extraD. reasonable60. A. beliefsB. loyaltyC. habitsD. interest61. A. alteringB. understandingC. keepingD. attracting62. A. AssumedB. RespectedC. EstablishedD. Unexpected63. A. agreeableB. flexibleC. friendlyD. sensi

49、tive64. A. unfairB. difficultC. essentialD. convenientKeys : 5054. BCBDA55 59. CDCAB6064. BCCDB詞匯整理：in particular尤其特另1Jon the whole 整體而言on the contrary 相反地regular customer?？?老顧客（聽力?？荚~）2 .高頻動(dòng)詞：emphasize, overlook, ensure, deny, assume, alter3 .高頻名詞：taste（品味，審美）,expense, budget, profit, loyalty,share（

50、股份）4 .高頻形容詞：financial, economical（ 節(jié)儉的）,potential（n. 潛力）,agreeable, flexible, sensitive, unfair, essential,特殊句型理解：1. Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the 55 implications.Only+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，部分倒裝。2. Retaining customers also makes it 64 for competitors to

51、 enter a market or increase their share of a market.it”做形式賓語(yǔ) ,替代 “to enter a market or increase their share of a market.強(qiáng)化練習(xí)Harvard LibraryIf we compare professors and students to the host of a university, then the library of a university can be compared to the hallway. The quality of a university,

52、_51_, is in direct proportion to that of its library. At Harvard, the library is an essential part of everybody 'life. Both the quantity and the _52_ of the library make study a pleasant process.Harvard Library is not only the most ancient library in the United States, but the largest university

53、 library with the largest scale. In 1638 John Harvard _53_ his whole library to the then Harvard College. After 300 years of development, the library now holds 10 million books and _54_ more than 100 branch libraries. In addition to the libraries owned by each school, there are some branch libraries

54、 that are _55_ in some aspects. While most of the branch libraries are on Harvard campus, some are as far as in Washington, D.C., or even in Florence of Italy. Yenching Library is famous for its _56_ of East Asian literature. Lamont Library is the first library in the world that is _57_ for undergra

55、duates. Widener Library is the largest library in Harvard, only second to Library of Congress.What _58_ to be mentioned is the system or rather the service of the libraries. Usually the libraries are open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. The main libraries are open until 10 p.m. The libraries for undergraduate

56、s will even be open all night during the _59_ period. The libraries also provide with students the service of _60_ reading materials for all courses. At the beginning of a semester, each teacher will give a list of books to the librarians. The librarians are _61_ to find out these books and put them

57、 at the places where students can easily find them.There is no limitation for the number of books that students can borrow. As the space for the library is limited, many books are _62_ in suburban library. Despite this, students can go to fetch the book at the _63_ library within 24 hours after they submit request for that book. Even if there is only one book