高一英語必修一知識點總匯2

1、高一英語各單元知識點總結(jié)及重難點解析Unit1-2重點句型1. What should a friend be like? 詢問對方的看法2. I think he / she should be表示個人觀點的詞語3. I enjoy reading / Im fond of singing / I like playing computer games. 等表示喜好的詞語4. Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane crashes.“when作并列連詞的用法5. What / Who / When / Where is it that.? 強

2、調(diào)句的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)6. With so many people communicating in English everyday, . “with+賓語+賓補”的結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語7. Can you tell me how to pronounce.? 帶連接副詞 (或代詞)的不定式做賓補的用法重點詞匯1. especially v. 特別地2. imagine v. 想像3. alone adv. / adj. 單獨，孤獨的4. interest n. 興趣5. everyday adj. 每天的，日常的6. deserted adj. 拋棄的7. hunt v. 搜尋8. share v.

3、分享9. care v. 在乎，關(guān)心10. total n. 總數(shù)11. majority n. 大多數(shù)12. survive v. 生存，活下來13. adventure n. 冒險14. scared adj. 嚇壞的15. admit v. 承認16. while conj. 但是，而17. boring adj. 令人厭煩的18. except prep. 除之外19. quality n. 質(zhì)量20. favourite adj. 最喜愛的重點短語1. be fond of愛好2. treatas把看作為3. make friends with 與交朋友4. argue with s

4、b. about / over sth. 與某人爭論某事5. hunt for尋找6. in order to為了7. sharewith與分享8. bring in引進；賺錢9. a great / good many許多10. have difficulty (in) doing做有困難11. end up with以結(jié)束12. except for除之外13. come about發(fā)生14. make(a)fire生火15. make yourself at home別拘束16. the majority of大多數(shù)17. drop sb. a line給某人寫短信18. for the

5、 first time第一次19. at all根本；竟然20. have a (good) knowledge of精通短語闖關(guān)下列短語都是這兩個單元學(xué)過的重要短語，請你根據(jù)漢語在橫線上填人一個正確的詞，每個詞4分，80分才能過關(guān)，你一定能過關(guān)，做好了闖關(guān)的準(zhǔn)備嗎?那么我們就開始吧?l. be fond _ 喜歡，愛好 of2. hunt _ 搜索。追尋，尋找 for3. in to _ 為了 order 4. care _ 擔(dān)心，關(guān)心 about 5. such _ 例如，諸如 as 6. drop sb a _ 給某人寫信(通常指寫短信) line7. make oneself at _

6、 別客氣 home 8. _ total 總共 in 9. except _ 除了之外 for10. stay _ 不睡，熬夜 up 11. _ about 發(fā)生 come 12. end _ with 以告終 up13. bring _ 引進，引來 in 14. a great _ 許許多多，極多 many15. be _ 對深感興趣，深深迷上 into16. _ the Internet 上網(wǎng) surf17. _ classes 逃學(xué)，逃課 skip18. get _ 聚會，相聚，聚集 together 19. be proud _ 為感到驕傲 of20. keep an _ on 照看，

7、注意 eye21. be curious _ 對感到好奇 about22. shut _ (使)住口 up23. joke _ 開玩笑 about24. _ the name of 以名義 in 25. _ the time 總是，一直 all交際用語1. I think I like / love / hate. I enjoy. My interests are.2. Did you have a good flight? You must be very tired. Just make yourself at home. I beg your pardon? Can you tell

8、me how to pronounce.? Get it.單詞聚焦1. argue v. 的用法構(gòu)詞：argument n. 1. C爭論 2. U討論辯論3. C論據(jù)搭配： argue with / against sb. over / on / about sth. 與某人爭論某事 argue for / against sth. 辯論贊成反對某事 argue that. 主張，認為，爭辯說 argue sb into / out of doing sth. 說服某人做不做某事友情提示：“說服某人做不做某事”還可表達為：talk / persuade / reason sb. into /

9、 out of doing sth. settle the argument 解決爭端友情提示：an argument with sb about / over sth. 為某事和某人而發(fā)生的爭執(zhí)【考例】What laughing _ we had about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti (意大利式細面條) from plate to mouth. (2004全國卷I) A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments考查目標(biāo) argue名詞形式的詞義。答案與解析 D ar

10、gument的詞義是“爭辯，辯論”。2. compare v. 的用法構(gòu)詞：comparison n. 比較搭配： compare.to. 比擬；比作 compare. with / to. 將和相比較 compare notes 對筆記；交換意見【考例】 _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004湖北) A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared考查目標(biāo) compare的用法。答案與解析 D

11、本句compare用在句首作狀語，并有“被比較”的意思。3. consider v. 的用法構(gòu)詞：consideration n. 考慮，思考；體諒，顧及搭配： consider doing sth. 考慮做某事 consider sb (to be / as). 認為覺得某人 consider that- clause 認為 take sth into consideration 考慮 under consideration 在考慮中【考例】Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer. (NMET 1993) A.

12、 to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented考查目標(biāo) consider的幾種常見用法。答案與解析 C consider本身是被動語態(tài)時，后接不定式的各種結(jié)構(gòu)。如果表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情用不定式的完成形式。4. deserted adj. 空無一人的；被遺棄的；被拋棄的 (1) 空無一人的a deserted street / area空無一人的街道，地區(qū)；The office was quite deserted.辦公室里空無一人。 (2) 被遺棄的 a deserted child 被遺棄的孩子(3) desert

13、dezot n. 沙漠desert dIzo:t vt. 丟棄；遺棄 He deserted his wife and children after becoming rich.5. difficulty n. (1) difficulty (通常作復(fù)數(shù)) 難事，難點，難題She met with many difficulties when travelling. (2) 在以下句型中，difficulty是不可數(shù)名詞，不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。have (some) difficulty (in) doing sth.干某事有困難there is (some) difficulty (in) doi

14、ng sth. have (some) difficulty with sth. 在某事上有困難there is (some) difficulty with sth. do sth. with difficulty / without difficulty 困難地輕而易舉地做某事 We had a lot of difficulty in finding your house. Do you have any difficulty with your English?【注意】(1) 以上句型中，difficulty前可加some, little, much, a lot of, no, an

15、y修飾 (2) 以上句型中，亦可用trouble來代替difficulty。6. favourite = favorite (A. E) 最喜愛的；最喜愛的人或事物 (1) adj. 最喜愛的My favorite sport is playing football. (2) n. C 最喜愛的人或事物He is a favorite with his uncle.7. fun的用法構(gòu)詞：funny adj. 有趣的滑稽的，好笑的；奇特的，古怪的搭配： make fun of 取笑；嘲弄；開某人的玩笑 (just)for / in fun = (just) for the fun of it

16、取樂，非認真地，說做著玩的 be full of fun很好玩 have fun with sb. 和某人開一個玩笑 have (some) fun 玩得(很)高興，玩得(很)開心 Its (great) fun to do sth干某事很有趣；干某事真是一件趣事；干某事真開心 What fun (it is) to do sth! 干某事多么有趣呀! have a lot of fun doing sth 干某事玩得很開心【考例】 (200上海春招) This is not a match. Were play- ing chess just for _. A. habit B. hobby

17、 C. fun D. game考查目標(biāo) fun構(gòu)成的短語for fun的意思。答案與解析C，for fun 常在句中用作狀語，意思是“說做著玩的”。8. imagine的用法構(gòu)詞： imagination n. C / U 想像，想像力，想像的事物 imaginative adj. 富有想像力的搭配： imagine sth / doing sth beyond (all) imagination (完全)出乎意料地【考例】 I can hardly imagine Peter _across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. (MET 1991) A. sai

18、l B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed考查目標(biāo) imagine的基本用法。答案與解析 C imagine后接動詞的-ing形式，本句的Peter是這個動名詞的邏輯主語。9. interest的用法interest vt. 使感興趣 n. 興趣，愛好 U 利息；利潤 He has a great interest in politics. 他對政治極感興趣。/ a broad interest 廣泛的利益 / a common interest 共同的利益 / a strong interest 極強的興趣構(gòu)詞： interesting 令人感興趣的(

19、事物) interested (某人對某事)有興趣的搭配： interest sb in sth 使某人注意，關(guān)心或參入某事；使某人對某事感興趣 be interested in 對感興趣(關(guān)心) have an interest in sth. / in doing sth. 對某方面有興趣 (關(guān)心)；在中有股份、權(quán)益等 hold ones interest 吸引住某人的興趣 in the interest(s) of 為利益；為起見；對有利 lose interest in 對不再感興趣 show / take (an) interest in / in doing sth. 對表示關(guān)心(

20、有興趣) have / take / feel no interest in 對不 (不太) 感興趣 with interest 有興趣地，津津有味地develop / find / feel interest in sth. / in doing sth. 在某方面培養(yǎng)有興趣 ? lose interest in sth. / in doing sth. 對某方面失去興趣有時interest可與不定冠詞連用。He developed an interest in science.另外：interest作“愛好”解時，是可數(shù)名詞。 His interests include reading a

21、nd tennis.【考例】_, they immediately suggested that she put them together to make a single one long story and paid Tracy a $50,000 advance. (2004全國卷 II) A. Interested B. Anxiously C. Seriously D. Encouraged考查目標(biāo) interest派生詞的詞義和用法。答案與解析 A interested指(出版商)對這件事有興趣。10. prove的用法構(gòu)詞： proof n. 證據(jù)。試驗，考驗，(印刷)校樣搭配

22、： prove sth to sb 向某人證實 prove to sb that 從句向某人證實 prove (oneself) to be 證明(自己)是，表現(xiàn)出【考例】It was in the neighboring country United States that such resistance to spray was first _. (05長春模擬) A. proved B. killed C. thought D. discussed考查目標(biāo) 考查prove的意思。答案與解析 A 本題was proved的意思是“得到證實”，有被動意味。11. provide的用法構(gòu)詞：

23、provider n. 供給者，供應(yīng)者，養(yǎng)家者 provided / providing conj. 倘若搭配：provide sb with sth / sth to sb 給提供；以裝備【考例】His son _ the old man with all the food and the money he needed. A. provided B. fed C. afforded D. charred考查目標(biāo)考查provide的詞義。答案與解析A provide與with搭配，意思是“向某人提供某物”。12. share的用法搭配： share (in) sth. with sth. 和

24、某人分享、分擔(dān)、共用某物 share sth (out) between / among. 將某物分配、分給 share joys / happiness and sorrows (with sb) (和某人) 同甘共苦 share ones opinion 同意某人的意見【考例】Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare you must learn to _. (NMET 2000) A. support B. care C. spare D. share考查目標(biāo) 此題主要考查在語境中選擇動詞的能力。答案與解析 D 四個選項的含義分別為：sup

25、port 支持；care 在意，關(guān)心；spare 擠出(時間)，勻出某物；share分享，分擔(dān)，與某人合用。根據(jù)語境可知說話者是想讓Clare學(xué)會與人共享把玩具(拿出來)和Harry一起玩，share在此意為“合用玩具”，解此題的關(guān)鍵是信息play with your toys as well。故D為最佳答案。13. solve的用法構(gòu)詞：solution n. 1. C (問題的)解答；(困難的)解決方法 2. U 解答，解決 3. U 溶解搭配：the solution to 解決的辦法【考例3】In the end, one suggestion seems to be the solu

26、tion _ the problem. (2001北京春招) A. with B. into C. for D. to考查目標(biāo) solve名詞solution的相關(guān)搭配。答案與解析 D “對于的解決辦法”，介詞用to。14. total n. / adj. 全部(的) (1) in total 加起來In total, there must have been 20000 people there. (2) a total of 總共His expenses (支出) reached a total of $100. (3) the total of.的總數(shù) The total 0f the

27、bill is 230 dollars.15. when conj. when并列連詞，= and then，表示“就在那時，突然”，常見以下句型中： (1) be doing.when.正在做突然I was wandering through the streets when l caught sight of a tailors shop. (2) had done.when.剛做了突然I had just sat down when the light went out. (3) be about to do.when.剛要做突然I was just about to go swimmi

28、ng when our guide saw me and shouted at me.16. while conj. (1) while從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句動詞用延續(xù)性動詞，主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作發(fā)生的過程之中。Come on, get these things away while I make the tea. (2) 并列連詞，表前后兩個分句意義相反或相對，意為“然而”。Some people waste food while others havent enough. (3) 放在句首，表示“盡管；雖然”，相當(dāng)于although。While we dont agree,

29、we continue to be friendly.牛刀小試1 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：(compare，interest，fun，solve，argue，consider，share)1. All the novels are considered _ the young readers in the 1980s. (to have interested)2. Bob thought it _ to solve maths problems while others hated it. (fun)3. The headmaster ignored the _ between Mrs. W

30、ang and his nephew. (argument)4. We cant decide. The plan needs to be _. (considered)5. _ with Class Two, ours has more boy students. (Compared)6. I find a better way _ this problem. (to solve)7. Nearly half of the companies _ the same opinion with the government. (share / shared)【詞語比較】1. especially

31、, speciallyespecially adv. 特殊地；尤其是 (1)側(cè)重于多種事物或人中比較突出的。I like all the subjects at school, especially English. (尤其是英語) (2) especially 后可接介詞短語或從句。I like the Yuelu Mountains, especially in spring. (尤其是在春天) Noise is unpleasant, especially when you are trying to sleep. specially 側(cè)重特意地、專門地做某事 (后面常接for sb.

32、或to do sth.)I made a chocolate cake specially for you.2. boring, bored, boreboring adj. 令人厭煩的 The book is very boring.bored adj. 感到厭煩的 Im bored with the book.bore vt. 令人厭煩 This book bores me.有些表示情感的及物動詞，有與bore類似的用法。如：interest, excite, surprise, amaze, frighten, astonish, move, inspire, touch, scare,

33、 disappoint, puzzle, worry 這類詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，為“令人”；過去分詞形式，為“感到”。3. except for, except, but, besides表示“除了”的詞或短語有：except; but; except for; besides; except that (when.) 等。 (1) except 和 but 都表示“除了之外。沒有”，二者大多數(shù)情況下可以互換；但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one 等詞后多用 but。No one knows our teachers address except / but him

34、. (排除him) (2) besides 除之外，還，有附加性。What other foreign languages do you know besides English? (English與other languages都屬于know的范圍) (3) except for 只不過，整體肯定，部分修正，用于排除非同類事物，for表示細節(jié)上的修正。 Your article is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.4. know, know of, know about (1) know 用作動詞，意思是“(直接地)獲知，懂得

35、，認識，熟悉”。I dont know whether he is here or not. / I know him to be honest. (2) know of和know about的意思都是“(間接地)獲知”，指聽別人說到或從書報上看到，二者沒有什么區(qū)別。5. for example; such as (1) for example“例如”，用來舉例說明某一論點或情況。一般只舉同類人或物中的“一個”為例，作插入語，可位于句首、句中或句末。可用for instance替換。For example, air is invisible. / His spelling is terribl

36、e! Look at this word, for example. (2) such as “例如”，用來列舉事物，一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。插在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間，as后面不可有逗號。Some of the European Languages come from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish. 注意如把前面所述情況全部舉出，用that is或namely。短語歸納1. 含all的短語1) first of all 首先 (強調(diào)順序)2) in all (=in total=altogether) 總共3) afte

37、r all 畢竟，終究4) at all 到底，根本5) above all 最重要的是 (強調(diào)重要性)6) not (.) at all (= not (.) in the least) 根本不，一點也不7) all the time 始終，一直8) all of a sudden (=suddenly) 突然，冷不防9) all right 行，可以10) all at once 立劉，馬上11) all day and all night 日日夜夜12) all over 遍及13) all alone 獨個兒，獨立地14) all but 幾乎，差一點15) all in all 總的

38、說來16) all together 一道，同時，總共17) for all 盡管例句 I woke up and didnt hear him at all. 我醒了，一點兒也沒有聽到他說話。/ He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. 他摔了很多跤，以至于渾身青一塊紫一塊的。/ You shouldnt scold her. After all, she is only five years old. 你不應(yīng)該責(zé)怪他，畢竟，她只有五歲。/ Children need many things, but above al

39、l, they need love. 孩子需要許多東西，最重要的是，需要愛。/ You must have known it all the time. 你一定一直知道這事?！究祭?People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her. _, she is a great musician. (2004甘肅、青海) A. After all B. As a result C.In other words D. As usual考查目標(biāo) 主要考查四個短語的用法。答案與解析 A after all意為“畢竟終究”；as

40、a result意為“結(jié)果”；in other words意為“換句話說”；as usual意為“像往常一樣”。本句意思是：雖然人們對她看法不一。但我還是佩服她。因為她畢竟是一個偉大的音樂家。【考例】Id like to buy a house - modern, comfortable, and _ in a quiet neighborhood. (2004福建) A. in all B. above all C. after all D. at all考查目標(biāo) 主要考查all構(gòu)成的四個短語。答案與解析 B in all意為“總共”；above all意為“最重要的是”； after al

41、l 意為“畢竟”；at all 意為“到底”。本句話意思是：我想買一個房子，現(xiàn)代的、舒服的，但最重要的是在一個安靜的地區(qū)。2. at all (1)用在肯定句中，“竟然” Im surprised that you came at all. (2)用在否定句中，“一點也不” There was nothing to worry about at all. (3)用在疑問句中，“到底”“究竟” Have you been there at all? (4)用在條件句中，“真的，確實” If you do it at all, do it well.3. 含“be + 形容詞 + 介詞”的短語1)

42、 be good at 擅長于2) be interested in 對感興趣3) be pleased / satisfied / content with 對滿意4) be famous for 因而出名5) be kind / good to 對好6) be lost in 沉湎于7) be active in 在某方面積極8) be sure about / of 確信9) be afraid of 害怕10) be full of 充滿11) be filled with 充滿12) be made of / from 由組成13) be generous to 對慷慨14) be

43、popular with 受歡迎15) be confident of 確信16) be fond of 喜歡，喜愛17) be angry with / at 對發(fā)脾氣18) be late for 遲到19) be amazed / surprised / astonished / shocked at 對感到驚訝20) be busy doing 忙著做21) be excited about 對感到興奮22) be worried about 擔(dān)心23) be used for / as 用于24) be curious about 對好奇例句 Lin Lin is confident

44、 of his ability to get work for himself. 林林確信自己有能力做這活。He was generous to everybody with money, as a result, he saved little. 他對誰花錢都很慷慨，結(jié)果沒有攢到多少錢。She is very active in helping the poor. 在幫助窮人方面，她很熱心。Pop music is popular with the young generation. 流行歌曲受年輕一代的歡迎。Lost in thought, he didnt realize that I

45、came in. 他陷入思考之中，沒有意識到我進來了。I was amazed at the sight so that I didnt know what to do. 看到這一幕我非常驚訝，不知道該做什么。Students in Senior 3 are busy preparing for the coming final exam. 高三學(xué)生在忙于準(zhǔn)備即將到來的期末考試?！究祭齦】(2005重慶)- You know, Bob is a little slow _ understanding, so. - So I have to be patient _ him. A. in; wi

46、th B. on; with C. in; to D. at; for考查目標(biāo) 同定搭配中介詞的選擇。答案與解析 A be slow in 意為“在方面反應(yīng)遲鈍”，be patient with 意為“對有耐心”。4. end up with.以結(jié)束 (1) end up with + n. 以結(jié)束 The party ended up with the singing of Auld Lang Syne. (2) end up as.最后成為He will end up as a president some day. (3) end up + 地點狀語最后(有結(jié)局) If you driv

47、e your car like that, youll end (up) in hospital.5. “make + 名詞”短語 make a noise 吵鬧 make faces 做鬼臉，做苦臉 make room for 給騰出地方 make the bed 整理床鋪 make phone calls 打電話 make friends with 交朋友 make money 賺錢 make use of 利用 make a decision 做出決定 make a mistake 犯錯誤例句 The boy made a face at his teacher when she tur

48、ned her back. 老師轉(zhuǎn)身時，男孩朝老師做了個鬼臉。Working in the kitchen made the boy into a good cook. 在廚房里干活使男孩成為一位優(yōu)秀廚師。They were moved out to a nearby hotel, to make room for more important persons. 為了給更重要的人物騰出地方，他們被搬到了附近的一家旅店?！究祭?The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to _. (2003北京春招)

49、 A. make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over考查目標(biāo) 主要考查make短語。答案與解析 A make out意為“領(lǐng)悟、弄明白、發(fā)現(xiàn)真相” make off 意為“連忙跑掉”；make up 意為“彌補、打扮、組成”；make over 意為“轉(zhuǎn)讓、改造”。因為受到迷惑，所以應(yīng)該是試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)真相。【考例】- When shall we start?- Lets _ it at 8:30. Is that all right? (2002北京) A. set B. meet C. make D. take考查目標(biāo) 此題主要

50、考查 make 短語。答案與解析 C make it“規(guī)定時間”為固定短語。本句話意思是“把出發(fā)的時間定在8點半”。set意思是“對時間”、“調(diào)時間”。6. make fire點火有以下fire (n.) 短語: be on fire 著火了(表示狀態(tài)) / catch fire 燃著；著火(表示動作) / play with fire 玩火；干冒險的事 / Set sth. on fire = set fire to sth. 放火燒 / make (a) fire 點火；生火 / start (cause) a fire引起火災(zāi) 注意 fire作“火災(zāi)”“一堆火”解時，為可數(shù)名詞。7. a

51、 great / good many許多(1) a great / good many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，中間無“of”。A great many people have seen the film.(2) a great / good many + of + the / these / those / ones + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) A great many of the people have seen the film.8. make yourself at home 別拘束 (1) make yourself at home 別拘束(主人對客人說的委婉語) - Good evening, Jim.

52、 - Good evening, Mary. Come in and make yourself at home. (2) (all) by oneself 獨自(沒有別人幫助) You cant possibly do it all by yourself. (3) enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高興 Please enjoy yourself while youre spending your holiday in Hawaii. (4) for oneself 親自; 為自己The student wants to think it for him

53、self. / One should not live for oneself alone. (5) of oneself 自動地The door closed of itself suddenly. (6) be oneself 身體或情緒好 I am not myself today. (7) help oneself to + n. / pron. 隨便 Please help yourself to the fish (8) in oneself 本身 This is not a bad idea in itself. (9) come to oneself 蘇醒The injured

54、 man came to him- self in five minutes. (10) between ourselves 私下說的話 All this is between ourselves.9. the majority of. 大多數(shù)的 (1) a / the majority of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時，謂語動詞多用復(fù)數(shù)。the majority 單獨作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式均可。The majority of people seem to prefer watching games to playing games./ The majority were (was) in favour of the proposal. (2) by a majority of + 數(shù)字，以超過票的多數(shù)She won the election by a majority of 900 votes.10. treat as 把看