必修三unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld單詞詳解

1、1. take place 物物;事做主語事做主語 無進行無進行,無被動無被動1) 發(fā)生發(fā)生Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place?2）舉行）舉行The singer was ill. The performance didnt take place after all.與與place相關(guān)短語：相關(guān)短語： in ones place in place take ones place take the place of .處于某人的位置處于某人的位置, 為為某人設(shè)身處地想一想某人設(shè)身處地想一想在合適的位置在合適的位置,

2、就位就位取代取代, 就位就位取代，代替取代，代替辨析辨析: take place, happen, occur, break out, come about1)take place 指事先指事先計劃計劃或預(yù)想到的事情的發(fā)生。或預(yù)想到的事情的發(fā)生。 我們學(xué)校的運動會將于下周五舉行。我們學(xué)校的運動會將于下周五舉行。 Our school sports meeting is going to take place next Friday.2)happen 偶然偶然或未能預(yù)見的發(fā)生或未能預(yù)見的發(fā)生, 可以和可以和to 連用連用 或接或接that引導(dǎo)的從句。引導(dǎo)的從句。 他碰巧沒有讀過那部小說。他碰巧沒

3、有讀過那部小說。 He happened not to have read the novel. It happened that he had read the novel.3)occur 既可指某事偶然發(fā)生既可指某事偶然發(fā)生, 也指某事按計劃發(fā)生也指某事按計劃發(fā)生, 可與可與happen互換。也有互換。也有“突然想起突然想起 ” 之意，常與之意，常與to連用連用許多事故是發(fā)生在家里的。許多事故是發(fā)生在家里的。常用于；常用于；sth occurs to sb/it occurs to sb that. Many accidents occur in the house. A good ide

4、a occurred to him.4) break out 僅用于負(fù)面場合僅用于負(fù)面場合, 常用于災(zāi)難常用于災(zāi)難, 戰(zhàn)爭戰(zhàn)爭, 疾病之類事情的疾病之類事情的突然突然爆發(fā)爆發(fā)。發(fā)生了大火發(fā)生了大火/戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了。戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)了。 A fire / war broke out. 5) come about 屬于屬于中性詞組中性詞組, 既可用于表達正面既可用于表達正面事情的發(fā)生事情的發(fā)生, 又可用于表達負(fù)面事情的發(fā)生。又可用于表達負(fù)面事情的發(fā)生。你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？Can you tell me how the accident came about？2. bea

5、uty beautiful beautify v美化3. harvest n/v 收獲，收割收獲，收割a good harvest 豐收豐收 harvester 收割機收割機/人人The farmer hired extra workers for the harvest. We will harvest the fruit in autumn.4. celebrate v 慶祝慶祝We held a party to celebrate our success.celebration n.congratulate v 祝賀祝賀congratulate sb. on (doing ) sth.

6、I him on passing the exam.congratulation （常加（常加s）5.starve v. 1)挨餓挨餓; 餓死餓死Millions of people starved to death during the war.2) (使某人使某人)得不到某事物而受苦或渴望獲得某事物得不到某事物而受苦或渴望獲得某事物; 缺乏缺乏The homeless children were starved for love .3) to feel very hungry 感覺很餓感覺很餓, 僅用于進行時態(tài)僅用于進行時態(tài) When will dinner be ready? Im st

7、arving.starvation n. U 餓死餓死 die of starvation starvation wages 不夠維持基本生活的工資不夠維持基本生活的工資6. origin起源，由來，起因起源，由來，起因What was the origin of the accident?The origins of life on earth 可用做可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞可用做可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞, 通常用作復(fù)數(shù)形式通常用作復(fù)數(shù)形式original adj. 原始的原始的7. religious1）宗教上的，信奉宗教的）宗教上的，信奉宗教的Most western people have r

8、eligious beliefs.2) 虔誠的虔誠的She is a very religious person.religion n.8. in memory of 紀(jì)念紀(jì)念 The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.in honor of in praise ofin celebration of in search of in need ofin favour of in charge of9. belief1)信任信任; 信心信心 UI have strong belief in my future.2) 信仰信仰Cr

9、eligious beliefs 宗教信仰宗教信仰 beyond belief 難以置信難以置信believe v.10. dress up盛裝，打扮盛裝，打扮You should dress up when you take part in the party.dress 給給穿衣服穿衣服 dress sb./oneselfWake up children and dress them. Hurry up and get dressed. （動態(tài)）（動態(tài)）The girl was dressed in red. （靜態(tài)）（靜態(tài)）11. trick1)n. 詭計，花招詭計，花招They had

10、 to think of a trick to get passed the guards.do/perform a trick 玩把戲玩把戲2) n. 竅門，招數(shù)竅門，招數(shù)Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language. 3）vt. 欺騙，詐騙欺騙，詐騙She tricked the SnowWhite into eating the poisoned apple.The man tricked the old woman out of all her money.trick sb into sth/doing sth 誘

11、騙某人做某事誘騙某人做某事trick sb. out of sth 誘騙某人某物誘騙某人某物12. play a trick/tricks on 捉弄捉弄 戲弄戲弄.The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others.13. poet詩人詩人Li Bai is a great poet who wrote many famous poems.14.arrival1）到達，到來）到達，到來The arrival of the train is 9:00.On our arrival at the farm, we were welcomed by the

12、 farmers.2) 到達者到達者They went out to welcome the new arrivals. a new arrival=a babyarrive v15. gain1） 獲得獲得He gained full marks in the exam.2) 贏得贏得The scientist gained the respect of his students.No pains, no gains.16. independence獨立，自主獨立，自主India gained independence from Britain in 1947. depend vdepend

13、ent adjindependent adj 獨立的，自主的獨立的，自主的 be dependent on/upon 依靠依靠 be independent of 不受不受支配的支配的 不依賴的不依賴的17. gather1）搜集）搜集The writer is gathering materials for his works.2)集合集合The teacher gathered the students around her.3) 聚集聚集The clouds are gathering. 【辨析】【辨析】collect 指有計劃指有計劃, 有選擇地收集。有選擇地收集。 He collec

14、ts stamps.18. award1）v.授予，判定授予，判定They awarded him the title of Hero.Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.The referee awarded a free kick.2） n. 獎，獎品獎，獎品She got the first award in the English contest.The award for the years best actress was a young woman.award sb. sth. =award sth to sb.獎賞某

15、人某物獎賞某人某物辨析辨析: award 和和rewardaward后接雙賓語后接雙賓語 reward 獎賞獎賞, 給給報酬報酬, 不能接雙賓語不能接雙賓語;reward sb. for sth. 因因 獎賞某人；獎賞某人；reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬勞某人用某物酬勞某人She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole mornings hard work. 19. produce1)v 生產(chǎn)生產(chǎn)The factory produces 1,000 cars a week. 2）n 產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)品,尤指農(nóng)產(chǎn)品尤指農(nóng)產(chǎn)

16、品The shop sells only fresh local produce. product 產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)品 production 產(chǎn)量產(chǎn)量 productive 多產(chǎn)的，生產(chǎn)的多產(chǎn)的，生產(chǎn)的 a productive writer20. admire1)1)欽佩欽佩, ,羨慕羨慕We all admire him for his courage and bravery.admire sb. for sth.在某方面欽佩某人在某方面欽佩某人2) 欣賞欣賞I admire your poems very much .3) 贊美贊美He admired her new dress. admirat

17、ion n. 21. look forward to (doing) sth. 期待著期待著(做做)某事某事Children are looking forward to Spring Festival.Hes looking forward to hearing from his pen pal.22. day and night 日夜日夜; 晝夜晝夜; 整天整天Her mother is ill. She has to take care of her day and night in the hospital.23. clothing 服裝（總稱，除衣褲還包括鞋帽）服裝（總稱，除衣褲還包

18、括鞋帽）an article of clothing 一件衣服一件衣服The cost of food, clothing and shelter is high.辨析辨析: cloth, clothes, clothing1)cloth 指做衣服等用的材料指做衣服等用的材料, 如布料如布料, 毛料毛料, 絲綢等絲綢等, 不可數(shù)。不可數(shù)?！耙粔K布料一塊布料”是是 a piece of cloth. 注意注意: cloth 指具體用途的布時指具體用途的布時, 可與冠詞連用。可與冠詞連用。a table cloth 一塊桌布一塊桌布a dish cloth 一塊擦碗布一塊擦碗布2) clothes

19、 指具體的衣服指具體的衣服, 包括上衣包括上衣, 褲子等褲子等, 不能不能與不定冠詞或數(shù)詞連用與不定冠詞或數(shù)詞連用, 但可與物主代詞但可與物主代詞, 指示指示代詞代詞, 少數(shù)不定代詞連用。作主語時少數(shù)不定代詞連用。作主語時, 謂語用謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。復(fù)數(shù)形式。He wears fine clothes. 他穿著很講究。他穿著很講究。3) clothing 是衣服是衣服, 服裝的總稱服裝的總稱, 是集合名詞。是集合名詞。作主語時候作主語時候, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如果要表示謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如果要表示“一件衣服一件衣服”時時, 可以說可以說an article of clothing 或或a p

20、iece of clothing, 但不能用但不能用 a suit of clothing那家商店賣童裝。那家商店賣童裝。The shop sells childrens clothing.24. as thoughas though和和as if沒有什么區(qū)別。沒有什么區(qū)別。as if用得普遍些用得普遍些, 卻可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句和表語從句卻可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句和表語從句, 其從句謂語其從句謂語常用虛擬語氣。常用虛擬語氣。1) 引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她裝得好像什么事也沒發(fā)生過似的。她裝得好像什么事也沒發(fā)生

21、過似的。當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致, 從句謂語中又含從句謂語中又含有動詞有動詞be時時, 可以把主語和可以把主語和 be一起省去。一起省去。 He looked about as though (he was) in search of something. 他四處張望他四處張望, 好像尋找什么。好像尋找什么。2) 引導(dǎo)表語從句引導(dǎo)表語從句It looks as if its going to rainas though和和as if從句用虛擬語氣從句用虛擬語氣, 還是用陳述還是用陳述語氣語氣, 完全根據(jù)具體情況而定。如果從句表示完全根據(jù)具體情況而定。如果從句表示的意思與

22、事實完全相反的意思與事實完全相反, 或者純粹是一種假設(shè)或者純粹是一種假設(shè), 通常用虛擬語氣。通常用虛擬語氣。The child talks as if she were an adult. He talked as if he had known everything. 25. have fun (with sb) (與某人與某人)玩得開心玩得開心 We had fun with each other on that day. fun為不可數(shù)名詞為不可數(shù)名詞, 沒有復(fù)數(shù)沒有復(fù)數(shù), 也不能加也不能加a. make fun of 取笑取笑for fun read for fun adj. funn

23、y 有趣的有趣的26. custom1)風(fēng)俗風(fēng)俗The celebration of the Spring Festival is a custom for Chinese. It is the custom for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall.2) 習(xí)慣習(xí)慣=habitIt was her custom to rise early.the Customs 海關(guān)海關(guān)27. worldwide世界性的世界性的Wild life protection has attracted worldwide a

24、ttention.28. fool1)n. 愚人，白癡，受騙者愚人，白癡，受騙者I felt a fool when I realized my mistake.2）v.愚弄，欺騙愚弄，欺騙Youre fooling yourself if you think playing computer games will not affect your studies.29. permission允許，許可允許，許可I asked for his permission to use the car.You have my permission to leave.permit sb. to do st

25、h.30. turn up.1) 出席出席(某活動某活動), 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn) We planned to meet at 7:00, but he didnt turn up.2) 把把(收音機等收音機等)音量開大一些音量開大一些Turn up the radio a little, I can hardly hear the program.The teacher turned down the students proposal(請求）請求）. 拒絕拒絕I thought it would rain the next day, but itturned out to be a sunny day

26、.結(jié)果是結(jié)果是turn off 關(guān)掉關(guān)掉 turn on 打開打開turn to sb. for help 向某人求助向某人求助31. keep ones word守信，履行諾言守信，履行諾言I promised my teacher to work hard, I must.=perform ones word.break ones word 失信失信Dont break your word, otherwise, no one will trust you.word 此處為諾言為不可數(shù)名詞此處為諾言為不可數(shù)名詞消息消息Word came that he had succeeded.32.

27、hold ones breath= stop breathing for a time 屏住呼吸屏住呼吸The girl held her breath at the sight of the snake. All Americans held their breath to see who would win the election.take breath 歇會兒歇會兒get ones breath 喘過氣來喘過氣來be out of breath 喘不過氣來喘不過氣來breathe v.You must apologize to the teacher for being so rude

28、.33. apologize道歉道歉 say sorryapologize to sb for (doing) sth apology n.表達道歉表達道歉接受道歉接受道歉拒絕道歉拒絕道歉make / offer an apologyaccept an apologyrefuse an apology34. drown (drowned, drowned) v.1)淹死淹死Dont play by the river in case you fall and drown.There was a drowning man .(快要淹死的）快要淹死的）drowned 已經(jīng)淹死的已經(jīng)淹死的2) 浸浸

29、, 泡泡借借 消愁消愁 drown ones sorrow/sadness inThe floods drowned the streets and houses.3) 淹沒淹沒The noise in the street drowned out her voice.35. obvious adj. 明顯的明顯的, 清楚的清楚的His meaning is obvious.1) be obvious + to + 表示人的名詞或代詞表示人的名詞或代詞Her disappointment was obvious to her friend.2) It + be + obvious +that-clauseIt is obvious that you are wrong.Obviously, he is telling a lie.36. wipe1） 擦擦/抹某物抹某物Wipe your hands with the handkerchief.2)把把擦掉，抹掉擦掉，抹掉The girl wiped her tears away.3）把）把擦干擦干The students wiped the floor dry.37. weep (wept, wept)哭泣，流淚哭泣，流淚Failing in the exam, the girl wept ove