八年級期中復(fù)習(xí)語法

1、期中復(fù)習(xí)期中復(fù)習(xí)語法 U5T1-系表結(jié)構(gòu) U5T2-形容詞的同級比較 U5T3-使役動詞 U6T1-不定式 U5T2-原因狀語從句 U6T2-時間狀語從句 U6T3-條件狀語從句 系表結(jié)構(gòu) 定義：系動詞是表示主語定義：系動詞是表示主語“是什么是什么”或或“怎么樣怎么樣”的詞。本身有詞義，但不能單的詞。本身有詞義，但不能單獨做謂語，須后接表語構(gòu)成獨做謂語，須后接表語構(gòu)成“系表結(jié)構(gòu)系表結(jié)構(gòu)”來說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征。來說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征。 常見的系動詞有：常見的系動詞有： be, become, get, turn, grow, look, feel, seem, sound, tas

2、te, smell, appear等。等。系動詞分五類： 表示“是”的be，用來表示主語的特征、狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)。 e.g. He is a doctor. 他是位醫(yī)生。 We are in the classroom. 我們在教室里。 Michael is very happy.邁克爾很高興。 表示保持一種狀態(tài)或態(tài)度的系動詞，如keep, stay, remain等。 e.g. Lily keeps still when we take pictures of her. 我們給莉莉照相的時候她靜止不動。 The shop often stays open till twelve at night.

3、 這家商店經(jīng)常營業(yè)到晚上十二點。 表示從一種狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱硪环N狀態(tài)的系動詞，如become, turn, get, grow, turn, go等。 e.g. I will become a teacher when I grow up. 當我長大了，我會成為一名教師。 The weather gets warmer and warmer. 天氣變得越來越暖和了。 The trees turn green in spring. 春天樹木變綠了。 表示“看起來”的系動詞，如look, seem, appear。 e.g. She looks very happy today.今天她看起來很高興。

4、Her father seems a serious man. 她父親似乎是個嚴肅的人。 Everybody appears well prepared. 大家看上去都做了充分的準備。 表示其他感官感覺到的系動詞，如feel（感覺起來；摸起來）,smell（聞起來）,taste（嘗起來）,sound（聽起來）等。 e.g. Silk feels soft. 絲綢摸起來很柔軟。 She feels unhappy. 她感覺不開心。 The flowers smell very sweet.這些花聞起來很香。Exercise I.根據(jù)漢語提示填空。 1.Mike feels very _（孤獨的）

5、. 2.The students looked _（疲憊的）because they did too much homework. 3.The little girl is always _（害羞的）. 4.My parents are very _（嚴格的）in my study. 5.He feels _（失望的） because he failed in the exam.lonelytiredshystrictdisappointed3. ed形容詞與-ing形容詞的區(qū)別詞義主語句中成分-ed“感到的”sb.表語/定語-ing“令人的”sth.表語/定語 excited； exciti

6、ng Im excited at hearing the news. They wait for something exciting to happen. surprised; surprising I was surprised at how quickly she agreed. Its surprising that they lost in the game.Exercise II. 用括號中適當?shù)脑~填空。 1. excited; exciting Do you know the Same Song to Dabieshan? Its so _and moving. Im very

7、_ to see a football match this evening. 2. interested; interesting She was _ in reading books when she was eight years old. This story sounds _.excitingexcitedinterestedinteresting 3.surprised; surprising I was _at why he was used to swimming in winter. Its _that we all failed the exam. 4.worrying;

8、worried Why are you so _? It must be _ for your parents that you stay in net bar the whole night. 5.frightening; frightened Would you like to go to see a _film with me tonight? He was too _ to walk any more.surprisedsurprisingworriedworryingfrighteningfrightened (3)形容詞的同級比較 a）肯定結(jié)構(gòu) A+ be + as + 形容詞原級

9、 + as + B The film is as interesting as that one. b）否定結(jié)構(gòu) A + be + not + as/so + 形容詞原級 + as + B Spring is not as/so cold as winter. c）表示倍數(shù)， 如 (half/ two/ three/ fourtimes )+ asas The room is three times as large as that one.Exercise 適用形容詞的同級比較結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯一下句子。 1. 漢語不如英語難。 Chinese is not as/so hard as English

10、. 2. 他跟他的哥哥一樣高。 He is as tall as his elder brother. 3. 汽車的花費是自行車的三倍。 Cars often cost three times as much as bicycles.6. 使役動詞的用法 (1) 概念：“使役”就是叫別人去做事情的意思。 (2) 使役動詞make和let的用法： make sb. do sth. Father makes me wash his car tomorrow. make sb. + adj. The song makes me happy. make sb. + n. We agree to mak

11、e him monitor. let sb. do sth. He let me drink the water.歸納概括歸納概括 不定式的用法。不定式的用法。1. 不定式在句中除了不能充當謂語外，不定式在句中除了不能充當謂語外， 其他成分都能充當。其他成分都能充當。2. 不定式作定語時，常放在所修飾的詞之后。不定式作定語時，常放在所修飾的詞之后。3. 不定式作主語時，常用不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，把作形式主語，把不定式放到后面。不定式放到后面。4. 不定式的否定形式是在不定式的否定形式是在to前直接加前直接加not。用作賓語用作賓語 (v. + to do )I want to b

12、uy a computer.She hopes to find a better job.I wish to go with you.need to do learn to do agree to do plan to do decide to do refuse to dobegin to do start to do try to doforget to do remember to do like to doStop to dogo on to do 用作賓語補足語：用作賓語補足語：(v. + sb. + to do )She asked me to help her.The teach

13、er told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write. want sb to dowish sb to do get sb to doorder sb to do find sb to be like sb to do would like sb to dohelp sb to do作賓語補足語不帶作賓語補足語不帶to 的情況：的情況：Let me do it.I saw him cross the street.常見動詞有：常見動詞有： 使役動詞使役動詞: let, make, have 感官動詞感官動

14、詞: see, watch, hear, feel, listen to比較：比較： I heard her singing in the next room. I heard her sing in the next room.用作狀語用作狀語(adverbial)：He came to show me his new CD player.I went there to see my teacher. She came back to get her English book.The boy was too frightened to move.(目的目的)(目的目的)(目的目的)（結(jié)果）（

15、結(jié)果）用作主語用作主語1.To be here at Christmas time is my dream.2. To go abroad is his dream.3. To say is easy, to do is difficult.（這時可將其用形式主語（這時可將其用形式主語it來替換）來替換）It is my dream to be here at Christmas time.It is his dream to go abroad.It is easy to say, it is difficult to do.用作表語用作表語His work is to feed the a

16、nimals.Her job is to look after the patients.My wish is to be a scientist.用作定語用作定語Give me something to drink.I have two books to read.They have much food to eat.（這時不定式與被修飾詞有動賓關(guān)系。（這時不定式與被修飾詞有動賓關(guān)系。若是不及物動詞，介詞不能省略）若是不及物動詞，介詞不能省略）He asked for a room to live in.I dont have a pen to write with.The ice is h

17、ard enough to skate on.He bought a toy to play with.原因狀語從句 概念：原因狀語從句表示主句所發(fā)生的原因或理由，通常由because引導(dǎo)。 Because I lost my cellphone, I didnt call you yesterday. = I didnt call you yesterday because I lost my cellphone.時間狀語從句定義：由表時間的連詞（定義：由表時間的連詞（when,while,after, before, as soon as, notuntil）引導(dǎo)的狀語）引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。從

18、句。條件狀語從句 定義：由if(如果)引導(dǎo)的狀語從句叫做條件狀語從句。 注意注意在條件狀語從句中，如果主句是一般在條件狀語從句中，如果主句是一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。或者是含有must,may,can,should等情態(tài)動詞(見p44)Exercise 單項選擇題 1. Why do you like watching Lucky 52 program? -_its very interesting. A. How B. Because C. What D. Which 2. The old man asked the girl to take another seat _ he wanted to sit next to his wife. A. because B. so that C. so We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the children _ cross the stre