中西方文化中女性角色意識差異及對職業(yè)發(fā)展的影響英語學(xué)專業(yè)

1、題目：Differences in Female Role Consciousness between Chinese and Western Cultures and Their Influence on Career Development 中西方文化中女性角色意識差異及對職業(yè)發(fā)展的影響Contents1. Introduction12. Literature review13. Chinese and Western female roles consciousness and orientation43.1 Female role consciousness in China53.2

2、Female role consciousness in western countries64. Analysis of the differences in female consciousness74.1 The origin of the differences74.2 The status of the differences84.3 The embodiment of the role differences95. The influence of different female role consciousness on career development106. Concl

3、usion126.1 Summary126.2 Limitation and suggestions for further research12Bibliography14Differences in Female Role Consciousness between Chinese and Western Cultures and Their Influence on Career DevelopmentAbstract: Due to the different backgrounds of life and history, there is a huge difference in

4、the female role consciousness between Chinese and Western cultures. The current awakening of female consciousness has brought tremendous changes to women, which is an important part of social change. This paper mainly analyzes the social roles and consciousness of Chinese and Western women, as well

5、as the awakening and difference of female role consciousness reflected in Chinese and Western culture. The paper explores the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western female role consciousness, the influence of female consciousnesss awakening on itself and the impact of career develo

6、pment.Key words: Chinese and Western; female role; difference; career development 中西方文化中女性角色意識差異及對職業(yè)發(fā)展的影響摘 要：由于生活背景和歷史文化的不同，中西方文化之間的女性角色意識也有著巨大的差異。目前女性意識的覺醒給女性帶來了巨大的變化，這是社會變革的重要組成部分。本文針對中西方女性所處社會角色及意識進(jìn)行分析對比，以及中西方文化中反映出的女性角色意識的覺醒和差異，探索了中西方女性角色意識的異同以及女性意識的覺醒對自身的影響和職業(yè)發(fā)展的影響。關(guān)鍵詞：中西方； 女性角色； 差異； 職業(yè)發(fā)展ii1. I

7、ntroductionThe huge differences in life background and historical culture promote the differences in female role consciousness between Chinese and Western cultures. The female role consciousness of China and the West have their own characteristics under different cultural backgrounds in different er

8、as. The awakening of female consciousness has brought tremendous changes to women. Women play an increasingly diverse role for women and for society and for the family. Womens awakening is an important part of social change. The presentation of female consciousness and its emphasis and attention are

9、 the inevitable result of the liberation of female consciousness. Its purpose is to achieve equality between men and women. With the advancement of womens social status and self-appeal, the importance of gender research topics have become increasingly prominent. So how to achieve maximum gender equa

10、lity under the existing economic system, and help female groups to get the social resources they deserve have become a hot topic of concern and research(Rogers & Anna, 2010).Therefore, this article will explain in detail the differences in female role consciousness between Chinese and Western cultur

11、es, and study the issues in depth to explore the historical and cultural background of the differences in female role perception between Chinese and Western women. Then the paper compares the differences and carefully analyzes their impact on career development, and provides some reference for subse

12、quent research. By studying the distinct female role consciousness in Chinese and Western cultures, in order to more accurately identify the role of women in todays society, it also promotes the establishment and development of a harmonious society to some extent, the development of domestic female

13、culture and gender culture and the awakening of female consciousness(Fan & Wang, 2015).2. Literature reviewSince the mid-1970s, the United Nations has held four World Womens Conferences. Womens studies and gender studies have gradually become the worlds new academics, and have made great progress in

14、 the United States and the world. Especially in the near future, gender research has not only focused on the study of contemporary social psychology, but has also extended the research field to the category of womens history and gender history, and has extended its reach to all aspects of human soci

15、etys political economy and culture. Different from other research sciences, the research of womens gender awareness in China is mostly based on the foreign research results as the origin, but with the transformation of overseas feminist movements and the extreme prosperity of overseas Chinese studie

16、s(Song, 2001). The study on Chinese women first appeared overseas, and it quickly grew up. In the 1990s, it entered the so-called deep period of the scholars. There are many such researchers. Zhu Aiyis Gender and Power in Northern China Village tells us the change of the status of rural women in nor

17、thern China; and the famous Chinese scholar Tang Yins Sexual Differences in Aesthetics from Western Female Paintings, which briefly describes the differences between Chinese and Western female consciousness through art. Liu Huimin, a female researcher in China, summarized and published the article P

18、ost-feminism inspires Chinese contemporary female art through a deep investigation and research on contemporary Chinese and Western womens consciousness.(Bao, 2017). These are the current domestic studies on the differences between Chinese and Western female consciousness(Kung & Kaby, 2014).However,

19、 the development of the domestic feminist movement is lagging behind, and women and gender studies in the mainland have started late. At the International Symposium on Hundred Years of Chinese Feminist Thoughts in 2004, a number of scholars and their research results on Chinese gender research emerg

20、ed. Although there are still situations that deviate from the situation and idealize womens equality and development, they are still based on textual literature. The use of new methods for research has not yet yielded significant results. At present, Chinas gender research has not received extensive

21、 attention. Second, most of the researchers are still limited to the surface research of womens social status and life situation, and have not conducted in-depth discussions. According to the current research, the study of gender in China is still in its infancy. With the rapid development of gender

22、 science on a global scale, the issue of men and women has been elevated to the level of a social discipline. This opens a window for humanity to finally solve the problem of equality between men and women. In the study of the influence of differences in female consciousness between China and the We

23、st on career development, it is found that the consciousness differences in social background and traditional consciousness, especially the social economic system, has led to different career development views. The contemporary West has received far-reaching influence from capitalist modern thinking

24、, and most women have the idea of competing with men. Using todays concept to see marriage as an economic partnership, the wife does not expect to be supported by their husbands, but the actual situation is not optimistic. The marginalization of female labor is an inevitable requirement of modern ca

25、pitalism, and societys demand for women is necessary. Most of them are the reserve forces of the market, not the main force. In other words, capitalism does not require women to create actual market value or profits in most cases, but rather requires them to appear in market operations in various fo

26、rms of assistance.In modern society, womens thinking is relatively open-minded, especially in Western society. Womens struggle for power and the struggle for mens struggle are becoming more and more intense, thus creating the illusion that Western womens social status is higher. In fact, the social

27、status of Chinese and Western women is similar, but in the collective consciousness of women themselves, Chinese women are not as independent as Western women in a certain degree. At the same time, Western womens capitalism and other inherent characteristics of capitalism and womens own characterist

28、ics are combined, breeding a lot of ills. These ills are unique to women, but they are not backward, just as men have their own unique ills. With the continuous deepening of reform and opening up, women in our country have doubled their ideology and social status. Under the guidance of modern profes

29、sional concepts, more and more people actively think about their own career orientation, not just as a vassal of men(Li, 2014). Especially with the continuous improvement of the education level, the ability, professional and psychological competitiveness of female college students in employment have

30、 been improved as never before, enabling women to adapt to the fierce competition in the job market and gaining a foothold in the market economy, which growing up quickly.With the advancement of womens social status and self-appeal, the importance of gender research topics has become more and more p

31、rominent to improve womens status, or to achieve gender equality to the greatest extent under the existing economic system. The social resources have become a hot topic of concern and research. In the Chinese domestic culture, the female role consciousness appears relatively late, and the research o

32、n this aspect is not rich in Western scholars. In addition, the research on the differences of female consciousness in career development in different cultural backgrounds is relatively rare. The germination of female consciousness in the West is earlier than that in China. Therefore, the research o

33、n feminist movement and female role consciousness has also achieved good results, and also promoted the development of some female consciousness. However, with the passage of time, domestic research on female consciousness has also achieved certain results. However, most of the researches on womens

34、consciousness in China or the West are studied from the perspective of the development of national culture and history. There are few studies on the differences between womens consciousness in China and the West and their impact on career development. Therefore, this article will study the impact of

35、 different female consciousness on career development from the perspective of China and the West. 3. Chinese and Western female roles consciousness and orientationThe concept of women is derived from men. Because in the patriarchal system, the identity of women is determined by men, so essentially f

36、emale is not a useful concept for feminism. Of course, this does not mean that feminism can abandon the concept of female. Modern female research scholars generally believe that the precondition for studying feminism or feminism is precisely to break the existing definition of female and jump out of

37、 the dual system of men and women, really getting rid of patriarchy. The fundamental purpose of female consciousness is to strive for and realize equal rights of men and women in all aspects, and even to some extent, to break through the current limited gender division. Its proposal and emphasis on

38、it are the result of the development of the times and the growth of the modern feminist movement, and the inevitable liberation of womens self-consciousness.It can be said that the emergence of gender differences are the diversity of desires and incomprehensibility of women and men, as well as the c

39、haracteristics of others. It is the basis and fundamental starting point of feminist research, because women have their own gender differences. Different from male self-awareness, different role positioning is required. But others believe that gender differences are a result, not a foundation. It be

40、lieves that although gender differences are an important part of womens research, and gender differences are more likely to result from role positioning before differences. If we emphasize the unique experiences, desires and gender characteristics of female, nothing can explain what women and men ar

41、e. There is a difference, and it seems that it is possible to relapse into the quagmire of the patriarchal dualistic thinking structure and the gender essence theory criticized by feminism. On the other hand, regardless of gender differences, patriarchy uses this difference to oppress women. Through

42、 continuous liberation and struggle, women are more and more clearly aware that only by breaking the role orientation caused by gender differences can they achieve both economic and ideological liberation, and get the dual freedom of economy and thought to completely get rid of it. The oppression of

43、 men achieves true equality between men and women in social status. It is for this reason that Marxism pinned the full liberation of women and the full autonomy of marriage on the improvement of womens economic status and the elimination of the so-called class opposition between men and women. New w

44、omen should ideologically overthrow the traditional concepts of patriarchal society, demand thinking and economic self-independence. Women are on the road to self-liberation. Decisions should be made independently, like men, to control their own destiny. Nowadays women continue to participate in soc

45、ial activities and broaden their horizons to further stimulate womens keen thinking and ability to work. Secondly, both Chinese and Western female consciousness emphasize that women should dare to fight against feudal traditional forces. Sharp and fierce attacks on the irrationality of feudal ethics

46、, shouting for women seeking independent personality.3.1 Female role consciousness in ChinaThe historical and cultural backgrounds of China as well as the social development are different from those of the west. The trajectory and scope of the development of the modern feminist movement also vary. A

47、t present, in addition to the similar characteristics of womens consciousness in the previous section, due to the different social environment, cultural education, and family life, Chinese and Western women have many differences in female consciousness and role orientation.Chinese women have been kn

48、own for their dignity, gentleness, virtuousness and subtlety since ancient times. Before the May Fourth Movement, Chinese women did not have a very clear female consciousness under the idea of imprisonment. The term female is relative to male, and Chinese society is also a purely patriarchal society

49、. After the May Fourth New Culture Movement, along with the great liberation of social thoughts, especially the feminist propaganda and feminist movements in recent years, Chinese women have made considerable progress in self-awareness, and try to get rid of the oppression of modern patriarchy. But

50、on the other hand, we must also acknowledge that although Chinese women in this era have been liberated, it is still to be examined about the reflection of womens values and the improvement of their levels of consciousness.A well-known feminist research scholar in China once divided women into three

51、 categories: Firstly, women who are discriminated against: the role of such women is mainly in the body, and the charm is on the outside. Secondly, praised women: these women have many similarities with traditional Chinese women, the so-called good wife and mother. Thirdly, autonomous women: they ar

52、e the product of the modern feminist movement and they are the group that truly has modern female consciousness. And Chinese women are currently free from the first category of women, seeking a beautiful appearance but not surpassing themselves, or accepting the influence of traditional ideas, willi

53、ng to become a housewife. Of course, Chinese women also have a model of inspirationality. However, in todays developed and democratic modern society, the female consciousness of Chinese society has not been developed. The corresponding Western values are related to individual freedom, personal strug

54、gle, and individual talents. They are more open and avant-garde than Chinese women. They do not have the control of traditional ethics. When they are proud of their achievements, they do not hide their self-confidence and honor.3.2 Female role consciousness in western countriesUnder the influence of

55、 social equality, democracy and civil rights, Western women are more independent and stronger than Chinese women. When they are frustrated, they want to be strong and dare to try to innovate on many things. And they have endurance, have their own unique values and self-awareness. In addition, Wester

56、n women believe that women should fully appreciate the joy of being a woman. Women should not be attached to men. They are more likely to recognize their own gender than Chinese women. They are more pleased with being a woman. Their marriage concept is more advanced and their emotions are unrestrain

57、ed. The concept of treating the family is also very different from that of Chinese women. They are not as dependent on the family as Chinese women, and they are not bound by the endless thoughts. Therefore, the female consciousness in the West emphasizes the expression of the self-female consciousne

58、ss. Chinese womens struggle for some womens rights is always more negative, while Western women are the opposite. In todays society, the realization of womens social status and self-worth has been significantly improved. On the whole, the self-awareness of Western women is far stronger than that of

59、Chinese women. On the other hand, in the West, where the values of personal interests are the prevailing, feminism is also affected by such thoughts. Many women are excessively chasing personal interests, which leads to the worship of money and hedonism, and exposes the drawbacks of extreme individualism.4. Analysis of the differences in female consciousness4.1 The origin of the d