英語中基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的區(qū)別和用法

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 英語中基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的區(qū)別和用法篇一：英語基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞專題 數(shù)詞 一、基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞（cardinal and ordinal numbers）: 基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目，序數(shù)詞表示順序。 1. 基數(shù)詞 （1）1-12 特殊記; 13-19 要加-teen；幾十-ty做結尾；幾十幾更易記。 （2）注意13 thirteen, 15 fifteen, 18 eighteen, 20 twenty, 30 thirty, 40 forty, 50 fifty的書寫。 （3）hundred 百, thousand 千,million 百萬, billion十億的用法相似 Hun

2、dred: one/ two/several hundred； hundreds of 成百上千 2. 序數(shù)詞： （1）基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的口訣：基變序，有規(guī)律，結尾加上-th；一、 二、三特數(shù)記；八去t，九去e；-ve要用-f替；單詞-ty做結尾，變-y為i，再加-eth. （2）注意1 first, 2second , 3third, 5 fifth, 8 eighth, 9 ninth的拼寫。 二、分數(shù)、小數(shù)、百分數(shù)（fracctions、Decimals、Percentage） 1.分數(shù): 分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示，中間的連字號可用不可用。當分子大于1時，作分母的序數(shù)詞用復數(shù)形式

3、。 二分之一 a/one-half 三分之一 a/one third 四分之一 a/one-fourth 二又五分之一 two and one-fifth 2.小數(shù)： 讀法：在小數(shù)點后，我們單獨讀出每個數(shù)字。小數(shù)點讀作point。小數(shù)點中的零讀作zero, nought或o/?/ .3 point threeseven point one four five thirty-six point three six 3. 百分數(shù) 百分數(shù)用基數(shù)詞或小數(shù)與百分號兩部分構成。 20% twenty percent47% forty-seven percent % thirty point four fi

4、ve percent 三、日期和年份的表示（date and year） on May 27 讀作：On May (the) twenty-seventh on 27th May 讀作：On the twenty-seventh of May in 1993 讀作：in nineteen thirty-three in 20ll 讀作：in two thousand and eleven 四、時間和鐘點表示： 7:15 讀作 seven fifteen / a quarter past seven 5:30 讀作 five thirty/half past five 6:55 讀作 six f

5、ifty-five /five(minutes) to seven 9:10 讀作 nine ten at 8:00 讀作 at eight 或 at eight oclock 五、年齡表示： 1. 基數(shù)詞+表示年齡單位的詞+old, 口語中常可省略years old. The girl is only three (years old.) 2. age(名詞或動詞) She was then forty years of age. /she was thenaged forty(years). “at the age of +基數(shù)詞”表示“在歲時”，通常作狀語。 Julie can swim

6、 at the age of eight. 3.“基數(shù)詞-year-old”的復合形容詞，意為“歲的”，一般作定語修飾名詞。 Sandy is a six-year-old child. 4. in ones +整十基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式：這一結構表示“在某人幾十多歲時“。 My grandfathr died in his nineties. teens 表示 “十多歲”（13-19歲）。 The boy was in his teens. 這男孩只有十多歲。 He is not yet out of his teens. 他還不滿20歲。 六、數(shù)學運算表達（Arithmetic Expressu

7、ib ） Add 3 and 9. 3 plus 9 equals/is 13 Subtract 3 from 9. 9 minus 3 equals/is 6. Multiply 3 by 9. 3 multiplied by 9 equals/is 9 Divide 9 by 3 9 divided by 3 equals/is 3. plus(介詞)/ minus (介詞) / × multiplied(形容詞性質(zhì)的過去分詞) / ÷ divided (形容詞性質(zhì)的過去分詞) add(動詞)/ subtract(動詞) / × multiply(動詞) /

8、÷ divide(動詞) 易錯點提示 1. 分數(shù)和百分數(shù)做主語時，謂語的單復數(shù)取決其后面of結構中的名詞。注意區(qū)別下面兩句話： 2. 基數(shù)詞可以用在有連字符的合成形容詞中，注意其中的名詞前無冠詞。 a two-day holiday=two days holiday a ten-minute walk=ten minutes walk 有連詞符的復合形容詞在劇中只能充當定語，不能作表語。 3. 在20世紀30年代：in the 1930s 在30年代：in the 30s 在某人30幾歲時：in ones thirties 4. 注意下面的不同表達方式： Lesson Twelve

9、= the Twelfth Lesson Gate Five= The Fifth Gate Class one/Grade（Two）two=the ninth grade/ page nine/ Room 401/Channel Eight 5. 序數(shù)詞在表示地名時的用法： Fifth Avenue （序數(shù)詞前無冠詞） 6. 序數(shù)詞用在獎項前面的用法：win first prize (序數(shù)詞前無冠詞) 7. 序數(shù)詞表示在原來數(shù)字的基礎上的 “再、又”的用法： I have had two cakes. I want to have a third one. 8. 一次：once兩次：twic

10、e 三次: three times 9. 倍數(shù)的表達：（1）“倍數(shù)+形容詞/副詞的比較級+than”表示“比?大幾倍” rope is three times longer than that one. （2）“倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞+as”表示“?是?的幾倍” It is five times as big as Europe. The poison of the killer bee is twice as dangerous as the poison of other bees. （3）“倍數(shù)+表度量的名詞（size,length,width）+of?”表示“?是?的幾倍”。 The

11、 earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 真題典藏 1. Linton is interested in Chinese history and this is his _ visit to Beijing. (four) (2008年中考第61題) 2. Eric, the _ son of the family, has a special interest in physics.(three) (2009年中考題59題) is _ years old and is taken good care of in the kindergarten. （f

12、ourth）(2010年中考題58題) 實戰(zhàn)演練 TV news reported the celebration of the old mans _birthday. (hundred ) 2. Could you tell me if you live on the _floor of that highrise? (twelve) 3. Please open your book at page_. Lets read the text. (fifth)篇二：基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法 基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法 基數(shù)詞 A從110one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，

13、eight，nine，ten B從 1119eleven，twelve， thirteen， fourteen， fifteen， sixteen， seventeen，eighteen， nineteen 這里除 eleven， twelve， thirteen， fifteen， eighteen為特殊形式外， fourteen，sixteen，seventeen，nineteen都是由其個位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-teen構成。 C從 2199 整數(shù)幾十中除twenty，thirty, forty，fifty，eighty為特殊形式外，sixty，seventy，ninety都是其個位數(shù)形式后

14、添加后綴-ty構成。表示幾十幾時，在幾十和個位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“-” 21 twenty-one76 seventy-six D百位數(shù) 648 six hundred and forty-eight E千位數(shù)以上 ,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight F基數(shù)詞在表示確切的數(shù)字時，不能使用百、千、百萬、十億的復數(shù)形式；但是，當基數(shù)詞表示不確切數(shù)字，如成百、成千上萬，三三兩兩時，基數(shù)詞則以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。 There are hundreds of people in the hall 里有數(shù)以百計的人。 Thousands and th

15、ousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day 每天有成千上萬的人來參觀秦兵馬涌博物館。 They went to the theatre in twos and threes 他們?nèi)齼蓛傻貋淼搅藙≡骸?G表示人的不確切歲數(shù)或年代，用幾十的復數(shù)形式表示。 He became a professor in his thirties 他三十多歲時成為了教授。 基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的口訣 基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上th，(fourth，sixth) 一，二，三，特殊例，

16、結尾字母t，d，d；(first，second，third) 八去t，九去e，(eighth，ninth) ve要用f替；(fifth，twelfth) ty將y改成i， th前面有個e； 若要碰到幾十幾， 前用基來后用序。 1st(first) , 2nd (second) , 3rd (third), 4th (fourth), 5th (fifth), 6th (sixth), 7th (seventh), 8th (eighth), 9th (ninth), 10th (tenth), 11th (eleventh), 12th (twelfth), 13th (thirteenth)

17、, 14th (forteenth), 15th (fifteenth), 16th (sixteenth), 17th (seventeenth), 18th (eighteenth), 19th (nineteenth), 20th (twentieth), 21st (twenty-first), 22nd (twenty-second), 23rd (twenty-third), 24th (twenty-fourth), 25th (twenty-fifth), 26th (twenty-sixth), 27th (twenty-seventh), 28th (twenty-eigh

18、th), 29th (twenty-ninth), 30th (thirtieth), 31st (thirty-first)篇三：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的用法 基數(shù)詞: 表示人或事物數(shù)量多少的詞. 序數(shù)詞: 表示人或事物的順序的詞. 一. 基數(shù)詞. 1.基數(shù)詞的讀法. 1)1-12 : one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve 2)13-19: 詞尾加-teen :thirteen fourteen fifteensixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen 3)20,30,40,50,60

19、,70,80,90 : 逢十詞尾加-ty : twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninety4)21-99: 在十位與個位之間加連字符構成. 21- twenty-one 99-ninety-nine 5)101-999 :先說幾百, 再加and ,再加末尾兩位數(shù)或個位數(shù). 101-one hundred and one 238-two hundred and thirty-eight 6)1000以上的數(shù):先將數(shù)字從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)用一個逗號隔開, 從右往左第一個逗號表示 “千”讀thousand 第二個逗號表示 “百萬”讀million 第三個逗號表示 “十億”讀billion 18,657,421- eighteen million ,six hundred and fifty-seven thousand ,four hundred and twenty-one. Exercise: 寫出下列數(shù)字 二. 序數(shù)詞 基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞 口訣: 基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾要加th . 一二三,特殊記,詞尾分別tdd (first second third ) 八去t , 九去e, ve要用f替. ty變作tie,再加th莫忘記. 若遇幾十幾,只變個位就可以. 1. 表示順序的