跨文化交際能力能幫我們做什么

1、跨文化交際能力能幫我們做什么？By LI Chen (李晨) Communicative Competence DemystifiedUnderstanding the title - Intercultural Communicative Competence DemystifiedPride of Place in Mr Lis AlbumWith Professor Martin Bygate (President of AILA)Association Internationale de Linguistique AppliqueeWith Professor Geoffrey Lee

2、chWith Professor J. Charles AldersonWith UK colleagues, Department of Linguistics and English Language, Lancaster UniversityWith BeiwaiOnlines eEducatorsWith Ningbo Vocational School Teacher TraineesYr7 Graduation, Beaconsfield Primary SchoolAgendaObjectives“Intercultural Communicative Competence (I

3、CC) and English Learners” Why?What?How?Q & AObjectivesBy the end of this talk, you should be able to understandwhat is culturewhy culture and English are inseperablewhat does ICC involvehow ICCfacilitates English learningsmooths the way for ones overseas studieshelps create a whole personWhy?Qui

4、zzesWhy learn culture/English?Why related?learning culture and learning Englishculture & languageWhy should culture be a part of English learning from Day One?Quiz 1 a baffled “l(fā)istener” A: My child is sick and she really needs my help at home. B: But I heard that you are about to be promoted, s

5、o, you know, youd better keep up the good effort at work. A: Yeah, its a catch-22 situation for me. B: Sorry, catch what?Quiz 2 a bold “speaker”“朋友的男朋友剛來英國的時(shí)候去超市，人家問他要不要cash back，他還以為買東西還有錢返還，就說要！ 人家問他要多少，他就跟人家說：as much as possible!Quiz 3 a careless “reader” 一個(gè)人說他同學(xué)剛出國鬧的笑話，問他最近干什么，他說去看電影，然后問他有什么好電影，

6、他說過兩天有一部電影叫“COMING SOON”。Quiz 4 a negligent “writer” “寫信 From / To寫反了，郵了兩天回到自己家”Quiz 5 translationHer mother died of hard labour.Her mother died of difficult labour.Why learn culture/English?Is it because the Ministry of Education requires it?As an intellectual exercise to help kids get smarter?So t

7、hat people in China can access more information from abroad?To qualify for higher-paying jobs?To gain respect in the global village?.Not just a requirement of the syllabus!Unless culture/English has the potential for being useful, it will be very difficult to learn/teach.Students need to feel that E

8、nglish will help them: further their education, improve their career prospects, make friends etc.Purpose of Learning English- Message from Jay Walker at TEDGlossarymaniaBeatleshystericalpandemoniumdeafeningraptureweepingalarminggruelingintensitytsunamiuniversalLanguageCultureCommunicationZhang (2007

9、:VIII)Stern (1983:274)學(xué)英語學(xué)英語 & & 學(xué)文化學(xué)文化語言能力 (Language Proficiency)語言三要素語音 Phonology詞匯 Lexicon語法 Grammar學(xué)英語學(xué)英語 & & 學(xué)文化學(xué)文化語言能力 (Language Proficiency)語言三要素 (語音 | 詞匯 | 語法)交際能力 (Communicative Competence)社會(huì)語言能力 (語言的恰當(dāng)性 Language Appropriacy)篇章能力 (Cohesion & Coherence)應(yīng)對(duì)能力 (e.g. ask for

10、clarification; interruption; hesitation etc.)學(xué)英語學(xué)英語 & & 學(xué)文化學(xué)文化語言能力 (Language Proficiency)語言三要素 (語音 | 詞匯 | 語法)交際能力 (Communicative Competence)社會(huì)語言能力 | 篇章能力 | 應(yīng)對(duì)能力 跨文化交際能力 (Intercultural Communicative Competence)包括上述兩種能力跨文化意識(shí)跨文化敏感跨文化技能語言 & 文化語言是文化的一部分，而且是極為重要的一部分語言記錄和傳承文化文化對(duì)語言有著深刻、持續(xù)的影響詞匯層面

11、 (e.g. brothers vs. 兄弟；網(wǎng)絡(luò)詞匯；政治詞匯)語言表達(dá)方式 (e.g. Plain English Movement)China Daily 新詞新譯http:/ parental leave (The draft, as the nations first gender equality regulation, granted five days of parental leave for both parents of a child younger than age 3 in its first version last October and extended th

12、e leave to 10 days in its second version last December. 這個(gè)國內(nèi)首個(gè)性別平等條例草案在去年10月的初稿中，建議給“家有3歲內(nèi)寶寶的新爸爸媽媽”每年享受5天的育嬰假，去年12月份的二稿中，育嬰假被延長到10天。) (2012-07-09) 侯衛(wèi)東官場(chǎng)筆記初學(xué)英語也必須注意文化嗎？在不同的階段有不同的要求 e.g. “老師好！”的英文表達(dá)初中英語教材英語(新目標(biāo))共計(jì)5冊(cè)有34個(gè)單元涉及到跨文化教學(xué)內(nèi)容,其中七年級(jí)上 冊(cè)有4個(gè)單元,下冊(cè)有8個(gè)單元;八年級(jí)上冊(cè)有8個(gè)單元,下冊(cè)有4個(gè)單元;九年級(jí)有10個(gè)單元。這些包含跨文化教學(xué)內(nèi)容的單元所涉及的范

13、圍相當(dāng)廣泛,包括友誼、旅游、語言、名人、體育、音樂、文化、動(dòng)物保護(hù)、節(jié)目、戲劇、幽默、主題公園、求醫(yī)問藥、購物、晚會(huì) 禮儀、態(tài)勢(shì)語、假日、足球、飲食文化等,有利于開闊學(xué)生的文化視野,增進(jìn)學(xué)生對(duì)祖國文化和其他國家,尤其是英語國家文化的了解。 二號(hào)首長冊(cè)數(shù)冊(cè)數(shù)跨文化意跨文化意識(shí)識(shí)的內(nèi)容體的內(nèi)容體現(xiàn)現(xiàn)七年七年級(jí)級(jí)(1) “家庭”一課使學(xué)生了解英語國家中家庭成員之間的稱呼,進(jìn)而探討中西家庭觀念; (2) “食物”一課體現(xiàn)不同國家、不同地區(qū)的傳統(tǒng)飲食風(fēng)俗; (3) “參加俱樂部”一課使學(xué)生了解英語國家中傳統(tǒng)的文娛和體育活動(dòng); (4) “國家、民族和語言”一課使學(xué)生了解英語國家的地理位置、氣候特點(diǎn)、歷史等

14、; (5) “動(dòng)物園里的動(dòng)物”一課使學(xué)生了解常見動(dòng)物在英語國家中的隱含文化內(nèi)涵;(6) “流行的文化”一課使學(xué)生了解英語國家傳統(tǒng)的文娛和體育活動(dòng); (7) “規(guī)則”一課使學(xué)生了解英語國家主要宗教傳統(tǒng)Culture learning in the past (or today?)文化教與學(xué) (see handout p1)學(xué)生、教師對(duì)課堂活動(dòng)的看法對(duì)比文化教與學(xué)的共性問題文化教與學(xué)的共性問題1. 教學(xué)雙方對(duì)文化概念的理解比較片面; 2. 教學(xué)雙方對(duì)文化教學(xué)的意義和目的理解不夠全面、深入; 3. 文化教學(xué)依附于語言教學(xué),教師根據(jù)自己的興趣和對(duì)外國文化的掌握隨心所欲地對(duì)待文化內(nèi)容, 缺乏系統(tǒng)大綱的指

15、導(dǎo); 4. 文化教學(xué)內(nèi)容以外顯的文化行為和零碎的文化信息為主,深層的文化內(nèi)容和文化的動(dòng)態(tài)特征被忽略; 5. 教師缺少文化教學(xué)培訓(xùn)，沒有文化測(cè)試和評(píng)價(jià)手段來對(duì)文化教學(xué)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)和督促。What?What is culture?What to learn about culture?What is required of an “intercultural EFL learner”?What is culture?What is culture?一個(gè)特定人群的總的生活方式特點(diǎn)人類獨(dú)有的Nurtured NOT nature What could be achieved by learning int

16、ercultural communication?transcending the limitations of ones own world view (Fantini, 2000:31)Through an education for ICC: We open up to other ways of thinking and other ways of logicWe find a tongue in which we can speak our humanity to each otherWe learn to see that our own view of the world is

17、just one among many (Willems, 2002: 19)文化比較研究的六個(gè)維度文化比較研究的六個(gè)維度高|低語境 High-context vs. Low-context多元|單元時(shí)間 Polychronic vs. Monochronic集體|個(gè)人主義 Collectivistic vs. Individualistic強(qiáng)|弱不確定回避 Strong vs. Weak Uncertainty Avoidance高|低權(quán)利距離 High vs. Low Power Distance女性化|男性化 Feminine vs. Masculine以上述為基礎(chǔ)，用動(dòng)態(tài)的眼光去分析、

18、描述各種文化英語文化的本質(zhì)漢語發(fā)散 (diverging thinking)英語 360小說線性 (linear thinking)決定了寫作文的時(shí)候必須有主題句和連接詞英語文化的本質(zhì)漢語發(fā)散 (diverging thinking)英語線性 (linear thinking)決定了寫作文的時(shí)候必須有主題句和連接詞特殊 (individualistic)決定了寫作時(shí)要用舉出與眾不同的例子英語文化的本質(zhì)漢語發(fā)散 (diverging thinking)英語線性 (linear thinking)決定了寫作文的時(shí)候必須有主題句和連接詞特殊 (individualistic)決定了寫作時(shí)要用舉出與眾不同的例子有真憑實(shí)據(jù) (evident)決定了寫作時(shí)必須用例子來佐證主題句英語文化的本質(zhì) 漢語發(fā)散 (diverging thinking) 英語線性 (linear thinking)決定了寫作文的時(shí)候必須有主題句和連接詞特殊 (individualistic)決定了寫作時(shí)要用舉出與眾不同的例子有真憑實(shí)據(jù) (evident)決定了寫作時(shí)必須用例子來佐證主題句具體 (specific)決定了舉例時(shí)不能說套話，要舉例詳實(shí)What to learn?表層語言表達(dá) (e.g. 詞匯；文體風(fēng)格 - 歸納法 vs. 演繹法)、手勢(shì)身勢(shì) (e.g.