過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)同步課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

1、 過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)同步課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)編寫(xiě)人：吳翔 審批人： 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1. 熟記過(guò)去分詞的基本用法；提升靈活運(yùn)用能力。2. 合作探究、大膽質(zhì)疑；歸納過(guò)去分詞的用法。3. 激情投入學(xué)習(xí)；享受攻克難關(guān)的快樂(lè)。【使用說(shuō)明】 1. 利用自主自習(xí)時(shí)間根據(jù)要求對(duì)導(dǎo)學(xué)案進(jìn)行有效預(yù)習(xí)（約30分鐘）2. 1）15分鐘自學(xué)、討論 2）25分鐘質(zhì)疑、展示、點(diǎn)撥、鞏固落實(shí) 3）5分鐘當(dāng)堂檢測(cè) 【課前預(yù)習(xí)】分詞是動(dòng)詞的一種非謂語(yǔ)形式，主要起形容詞和副詞的作用，可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或是狀語(yǔ)等分詞有兩種，一種是現(xiàn)在分詞，一種是過(guò)去分詞。這兩種分詞在句子中能擔(dān)任的成分大體相同，主要是在“意思”上有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)之分。過(guò)去分詞有兩大特點(diǎn)：

2、一是表被動(dòng)的概念；二是表動(dòng)作已完成。過(guò)去分詞在句中可用作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)等成分。過(guò)去分詞在句中作某種成分時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)一般為該分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者。1.作定語(yǔ) 1）及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞既表被動(dòng)，又表完成；不及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，只表完成。boiled water開(kāi)水、selected apples 精選蘋(píng)果、spoken English英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)、iced beer冰鎮(zhèn)啤酒、cooked food熟食、fried chips炸土豆條；fallen leaves落葉、 the risen sun升起的太陽(yáng)2）單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般可以放在被修飾詞語(yǔ)之前，也可以放在所修飾詞語(yǔ)的后面。

3、The excited children didnt know how to do with themselves. The meeting held yesterday was very important.3）過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，須將分詞放在被修飾的詞語(yǔ)之后，功能相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。Her daughter，brought up by me(=who was brought up by me)has begun to work now.由我?guī)Т蟮乃呐畠含F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)參加工作了。2.作表語(yǔ)1）當(dāng)“人”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)用過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。He seemed quite deli

4、ghted at the idea.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)想法，他似乎很高興。2）過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)不要與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)混為一體。分詞作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。比較：My glasses are broken.我的眼鏡碎了。(狀態(tài))My glasses were broken by my son.我的眼鏡被我兒子摔碎了。(動(dòng)作)3. 作賓補(bǔ)1）過(guò)去分詞用在表示“致使”含義的動(dòng)詞keep，leave，have，make, get等的后面。 They kept the door locked for a long time.他們把門(mén)鎖了好長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間。 Dont leave the windows

5、broken like this all the time.不要讓窗戶(hù)一直像這樣破著。 I have had my bike repaired.我讓人修了修我的自行車(chē)。 I raised my voice to make myself heard.我提高了嗓門(mén)以便被人家聽(tīng)到。2）過(guò)去分詞常用在感官動(dòng)詞watch，notice，see，hear，listen to，feel，find等的后面。When we got to school，we saw the door locked.當(dāng)我們到學(xué)校時(shí)，我們看見(jiàn)門(mén)鎖著。We can hear the windows beaten by the heav

6、y rain drops.我們可以聽(tīng)到大雨點(diǎn)敲打窗戶(hù)的聲音。3）過(guò)去分詞用在want，wish，like，expect，order等表示“希望，愿望，命令”這一類(lèi)動(dòng)詞的后面。 The teacher wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.老師不想此刻討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。I want the suit made to his own measure.我想要這套衣服照他自己的尺寸做My parents expected me （to be ）well-prepared for the entrance examination.我父母希望我好好準(zhǔn)

7、備入學(xué)考試。4）過(guò)去分詞用在“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.小偷被帶進(jìn)來(lái)了，雙手被反綁在后面。With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building，his house looks like a beautiful garden.周?chē)N了許多色彩鮮艷的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花園。4. 作狀語(yǔ)1）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Seen from the hill，the park lo

8、oks very beautiful.從山上看，這個(gè)公園非常美麗。Dont speak until spoken to.當(dāng)別人和你講話(huà)時(shí)，你才能講話(huà)。2）原因狀語(yǔ) Touched by his teachers words，the boy cried. 這個(gè)男孩被老師的話(huà)打動(dòng)了，所以他哭了。3）條件狀語(yǔ) Given more time，we could do it much better. 多給我們點(diǎn)時(shí)間，我們會(huì)做得更好。4）讓步狀語(yǔ) Though warned of the storm，the farmers were still working in the fields.雖然農(nóng)民們已被告

9、知將有風(fēng)暴，但他們?nèi)匀辉诘乩锔苫睢?）伴隨狀語(yǔ)The teacher entered the classroom，followed by a group of his students.老師走進(jìn)教室，后面跟著一群學(xué)生。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)教學(xué)過(guò)程【觀察】觀察下列句子中的過(guò)去分詞在句中做什么狀語(yǔ)呢？（課件展示）1.Born in a poor family, he had only two yeas of schooling. 2.Looked at from a distance, the hills resemble a sleeping woman. 3.Given another chance

10、 , he will do better.4.The hunter left his house, followed by his dog5.Although tired, he went on working.答案：1.原因狀語(yǔ) 2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)3.條件狀語(yǔ) 4.伴隨狀語(yǔ) 5.讓步狀語(yǔ)一過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。例如When heated（When it is heated）, ice will be changed into water. （時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）Given advice by the famous detective（Since/ As she was given advice

11、 by the famous detective）, the young lady was no longer afraid. (原因狀語(yǔ))Given more attention（If they had been given more attention）, the cabbages could have grown better.（條件狀語(yǔ)）Though tired out (Though he was tired out), he still kept working on his plan until it was finished.（讓步狀語(yǔ)The hunter left his h

12、ouse, followed by his dog（and he was followed by his dog）.（伴隨狀語(yǔ)）【重點(diǎn)提示1】 當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)一致，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常省略從句主謂語(yǔ)，用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。If invited, I will go to her party.When heated, water changes its form. Although tired, he went on working. 【重點(diǎn)提示2】 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，必要時(shí)前面可加連詞when, if, once, though, unless等，以表明作何種狀語(yǔ)提升訓(xùn)練GR

13、OUP 1A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. Being seen *1._ from the top of the hill, the city was very beautiful. *2._ from the top of the hill, we managed to get to the summit(頂點(diǎn)）. *3._ from the top of the hill ,we found the city very beautiful.GROUP 2 A. Compare B. Compared C. Comparing D. To compare* 1.

14、 _ the two countries, you will find they are similar in many ways.* 2._ the two countries, and you will find they are similar in many ways.* 3._ with English, Chinese has more learners.答案：Group1 1.A 2. C 3. B Group2 1.C 2.A 3. B 做此類(lèi)題一要把握句意；二要考慮句子主語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。做狀語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式與主語(yǔ)關(guān)系 及時(shí)間與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 的先后關(guān)系to do主動(dòng)、

15、將來(lái)的在謂動(dòng)之后發(fā)生doing主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行與謂動(dòng)同時(shí)發(fā)生done被動(dòng)、完成在謂動(dòng)之前發(fā)生being done被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行與謂動(dòng)同時(shí)發(fā)生having done主動(dòng)、完成在謂動(dòng)之前發(fā)生having been done被動(dòng)、完成在謂動(dòng)之前發(fā)生二過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),過(guò)去分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)一致。反之，則用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：比較：It getting dark, I left in a hurry (獨(dú)立主格) 主語(yǔ)不相同 it 不可省略主語(yǔ)相同，可以省略邏輯主語(yǔ)Caught by the policemen (Since he was caught by the policemen, the thie

16、f had to admit his crime.（分詞作狀語(yǔ)）句子改錯(cuò)：Being Sunday, the shops were closed.答案：Being Sunday 改為It being Sunday【重點(diǎn)提示3】過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)一般情況下通常是句子的主語(yǔ)。但是，過(guò)去分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)若不是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常會(huì)將邏輯主語(yǔ)保留。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中過(guò)去分詞帶有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)。這種現(xiàn)象叫分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。只用來(lái)做狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式或伴隨情況。The table set, they began to have lunch. 桌子擺好后，他們開(kāi)始吃午飯。（表時(shí)間）All his m

17、oney gone, he began to look for a job. 所有的錢(qián)用光了，他就開(kāi)始找工作。（表原因）All things considered, the meeting had to be put off. 如果全面考慮，會(huì)議不得不推遲。（表?xiàng)l件）He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head. 他躺在草地上，頭枕著雙手。（表方式）He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.他滿(mǎn)臉是汗地跑進(jìn)屋里。（表伴隨）【重點(diǎn)提示4】過(guò)去分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)在較

18、口語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題中還可以用“with/without+名詞/代詞+過(guò)去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)代替，通常也是表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式或伴隨情況等。例如：With the experiments carried out ,we started new studies.實(shí)驗(yàn)一做完，我們就開(kāi)始心得研究。（表時(shí)間）With my sister gone, there was nobody to help the old woman.我姐姐一走，就沒(méi)有人幫助那位老大娘了。（表原因）The old gentleman was walking, with his arms folded across his chest.

19、那位老人在散步，雙臂交叉放在胸前。（表方式）Henry left the classroom, without a word spoken. 亨利一句話(huà)也沒(méi)有說(shuō)就離開(kāi)了教室。（表伴隨）練習(xí)用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)來(lái)改寫(xiě)句子。1）. As I was worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. _ , I was unsettled for the first few days.2）. If he is given time, hell make a first-class tennis player. _ , h

20、ell make a first-class tennis player.3） As I was confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air. _, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.答案：1）Worried about the journey. 2) Given time. 3) Confused by the new surrounding.三. 過(guò)去分詞有三大特點(diǎn)：1）. 表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作；2）. 表示已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作, 因此,當(dāng)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候一定要搞清楚分詞與主語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系被動(dòng)Left alone at home（Although he was left alone at home）, Sam did not feel afraid at all. （分詞作狀語(yǔ)）3）.有些過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表動(dòng)作而表狀態(tài)。moved/pleased/disappointed/worriedbe dressed inbe lost in沉浸在be devoted to 致力于be supposed to 應(yīng)該be located in位于be buried in專(zhuān)心于be faced with 面對(duì) 高手過(guò)招：1. Th