跨文化交際期末試題

1、考試需知：考試前每一列學(xué)生把課本放在第一排?？荚嚂r(shí)間為25個(gè)小時(shí)，試卷1為閉卷考試，前面40分鐘用于完成試卷1。待老師收上試卷1后，發(fā)下課本，學(xué)生做試卷2，試卷2為開(kāi)卷考試?？蓴y帶紙質(zhì)詞典進(jìn)考場(chǎng)，不許攜帶電子詞典及手機(jī)進(jìn)考場(chǎng)。TestPaper1I.Fillingtheblanks:1. Generallyspeaking,intermsofcontextuality,thecommunicationintheWestislow-contextualwhilethatintheEastishigh-contextual2. Generallyspeaking,intermsofworldvie

2、ws,theWestadoptsDualisticview,whiletheEastadoptsholisticview3. Generallyspeaking,intermsofthoughtpatterns,theWestfollowsAnalyticandabstractthinking,whiletheEastfollowssyntheticandconcretethinking4. Generallyspeaking,intermsofdiscoursepatterns,theWestusesDeductivepattern,whiletheEastusesinductivepatt

3、ern5. IntheAxialAge,thegreatthinkersinChinaareConfucius,LaoTze,MoTze,andthegreatthinkerinIndiaisSiddharthaGautama,thegreatfigureinPalestineareHebrewprophets,andthegreatthinkersintheWestarePlato,HomerandArchimedesH.Choosethebestanswer:1. Non-verbalmessagesareclassifiedintotwocomprehensivecategories:t

4、hosethatareprimarilyproducedbythebody,suchas,;andthosethattheindividualcombineswiththesetting,suchas,A. physicalcontact,eyecontact,paralanguage;space,time,manB.facialexpression,touch,taste;space,time,silenceC. appearance,movement,gesture;surrounding,occasion,manD. movement,smell,paralanguage;space,t

5、ime,silence2. InChinesewriting,thereareusuallymoreadjectives,proverbsandallusionsthaninEnglishwriting.SomeWesternscholarsnamethisstyle“flowery”,statingthatitsaimistogiveamorefancifulimpressionthaninformation,andtheinformationisusuallyofbeauty,fragrance,happiness,andanyother“goodness”aspectssoastoatt

6、ractpeople.Wemaytermthisstyleas-oriented.Westernwritingismoredirectwithobjectiveinformation.Tothem,much-repeatedwordsmaymeanlessafterawhile.WemaytermtheWesternwritingasA.adjective,objectiveB.Chinese,WesternC.impression,informationC.indirect,direct3. Astothehumannatureorientation,thetraditionalWester

7、nbeliefholdsthat,whiletheAsianpeoplebelieveA. basicallygood;basicallybadB. evilbutperfectible,basicallygoodC. themixtureofgoodandevil;themixtureofgoodandevil;D. unknown4. AstotheMan-Natureorientation,thetraditionalWesternbeliefholdsthat,whiletheAsianpeoplebelieveA. subjugationtonature;harmonywithnat

8、ureB. harmonywithnature;masteryovernatureC. harmonywithnature;subjugationtonatureD. masteryovernature;harmonywithnature5. Astotimeorientation,generallyspeaking,theUSAis,thePhilippines,Mexico,andLatinAmericaare,andAsia,Britain,Greece,FranceareA. on-timeoriented;in-timeoriented;late-timeorientedB. you

9、th-oriented;adult-oriented;elderly-orientedC. future-oriented;present-oriented;past-orientedD. present-oriented;future-oriented;past-oriented6. Intermsofactivityorientation,theUSAis,thePhilippines,Mexico,andLatinAmericaare,andAsiaisA. doing-oriented;playing-oriented,being-orientedB. playing-oriented

10、;being-oriented;doing-orientedC. being-oriented;doing-oriented;being-in-becomingorientedD. doing-oriented;being-oriented;being-in-becomingoriented7. Thedividingworldviewisalsoreferredtoasmechanisticview.Itgoesbythefollowingdifferentnames:DA. reasonversusresult;religionversusart;objectivityversusimag

11、inationB. instinctversusintuition;scienceversustechnology;imaginationversussubjectivityC. tuitionversusintuition;regionversusreligion;subjugationversussubjectivityD. reasonversusintuition;scienceversusreligion;objectivityversussubjectivity8. TheGreekthinksinorderto.Itisspeculation.TheHinduthinksinor

12、derto.Itismeditation.TheChinesethinksinorderto.Itiscontemplation.CA. do;die;liveB. spectacle;meddle;contemptC. understand;think;self-cultivateD. think;self-cultivate;understand9. “Yourbodydoesntknowhowtolie”indicatesBA. somethingiswrongwithyourbodyandyoucanonlystand.B. bodylanguageisimportant.C. bod

13、ycontactisdangerous.D. wecantseparatemindfrombody.10. Generallyspeaking,intheUS,peoplemakefriendsbysharing,whileinChina,peoplemakefriendsbysharingA. personalrelationship;activitiesB. activities;personalrelationshipC. love;bloodD. blood;love11. Intermsofphysicalcontact,thehighcontactcountriesare,whil

14、ethelowcontactcountriesareA. theUS,Britain,mostNorthernEuropeancountries;Arabworld,Mediterraneancountries,IndonesiaB. theUS,Britain,Japan;EastEuropeancountries,Russia,MiddleEastC. Arabworld,Mediterraneancountries,Indonesia;theUS,Britain,mostNorthernEuropeancountriesD. Arabworld,Mediterraneancountrie

15、s,China;theUS,Britain,mostNorthernEuropeancountries12. Generallyspeaking,intermsofcontextualityofcommunication,thehigh-contextualpeopleare,whilethelow-contextualcountriesareAA. LatinAmericans,Chinese,Japanese;theAmericans,German,SwissB. theAmericans,German,Swiss;LatinAmericans,Chinese,JapaneseC. Nat

16、iveAmericans,Chinese,Koreans;theAmericans,Japanese,BritishD. theAmericans,Japanese,British;NativeAmericans,Chinese,Koreans13. Eachpersonhasa“bubble”ofspace(territory).Studiesshowthatpeoplefrom,haveasmallerpersonalterritorythandopeoplefrom,A. SouthAmerica,Arabcountries,andmanyAsiancountries;NorthAmer

17、ica,Britain,GermanyB. NorthAmerica,Britain,Germany;SouthAmerica,Arabcountries,andmanyAsiancountriesC. SouthAmerica,Britain,Germany;NorthAmerica,Arabcountries,andmanyAsiancountries.D. NorthAmerica,Arabcountries,andmanyAsiancountries;SouthAmerica,Britain,Germany14. Inculture,thenuclearfamilyismuchmore

18、importanttotheindividualthantheextendedfamily,whilein,culture,theextendedfamilyisveryimportant.CA. Hispanic;American,Asian,Arabian,AfricanB. Arabian;American,Asian,African,HispanicC. American;Asian,African,Arabian,HispanicD. African;American,Asian,Arabian,Hispanic15. Innuclear-familyculture,peoplere

19、lymainlyon,forhelp,whileinextended-familyculture,peoplerelymainlyonforhelp.CA. families,friends,professionals;familiesB. families,friends,professionals;institutionsC. friends,professionals,institutions;familiesD. friends,families,institutions;professionals16. Innuclear-familyculture,usuallycomesfirs

20、t,whileinextended-familyculture,usuallycomesfirst.BA. family;individualB. individual;familyC. husband;wifeD. wife;husbanditcomestofriendship,anAmericanfriendwouldfeelthattheyhadifthefriendgaveuparealneedtostudytogoshopping.Onesdutiesandobligationstowardfriends,evenbestfriendsareunderstoodto;onedoesn

21、otexpectfriendstoassumeburdensome,responsibilitiestowardoneself.AclosefriendintheUSisapersonthatonefeelsfreetoaskforhelp,recognizing,however,thatthefriendmay,iftheygiveyouareason.ThisismaybethatintheWest,peopleprefertobe,sotheydonotfeelcomfortableinarelationshipinwhichonepersonismoreandtheotherisdep

22、endentonwhatisbeinggiven.ForWesterners_ support and .“OK ” ; dependent; receiving-term; say“No ”; independent;-term; say“Yes ” ; free; earning;“Sorry ” ; independent; giving;friendshipismostlyamatterofproviding_BA. dependedtoomuch;limitless;small;saymaterial;getseparateB. imposedtoomuch;havelimits;l

23、onggiving;emotional;spendtimetogether.C. imposedtoolittle;havelimits;shortfinancial;getinvolvedD. dependedalittle;limitless;big;sayspiritual;gettogether.18. InChina,thedutiesandobligationsoffriendshipsseemvirtuallyforallpracticalpurposes.ChinesefriendsgiveeachothermuchhelpandassistancethanWesternfri

24、endsdo.Forexample,theygiveeachotherandmighthelpeachotherforaperiodoftime.AfriendinChinaissomeonewho,sensingthatyouareinneedinsomeway,offerstoassistyouA.impossible;morespiritual;things;practically;short;whenbeingaskedB. enormous;lessspiritual;money;financially;long;unwillinglyC. unlimited;moreconcret

25、e;money;financially;long;withoutwaitingtobeaskedD. limited;moreconcrete;things;materially;certain;ifrequired19. Intimesoftrouble,bothAmericanandChinesefriendsgiveeachotheremotionalsupport,buttheydoitdifferently.AChinesefriendismorelikelytobetogiveadvicetoafriend,whileanAmericanfriendwillbetogiveadvi

26、ce,insteadshemayraisequestionstoencourageherfriendtoconsidercarefullywhatmayhappenifshedoesonethinginsteadofanother.CA. cautious;detailed;ready;specificB. ready;ambiguous;cautious;guidelineC. ready;specific;cautious;directD. unwilling;direct;ready;specific20. Whenitcomestotherelationshipbetweenparen

27、tsandmarriedsons,inChina,amansrelationshipwithhisparentsisthanthatwithhiswife.Thusintheeventofanyquarrelbetweenhiswifeandhismother,amanshould.Atmosthemighthopeto,andthiswasregardedas.InAmerica,amanrelationshipwithhisparentsisthanthatwithhiswife.Hewouldbeexpectedto.Hemightevenbecounseledtothevicinity

28、ofhisparentshometoeasetheconflict.A. moreimportant;sidewithhismother;sidewithhisfather;honorable;moreimportant;sidewithnoone;moveintoB. lessimportant;sidewithnoone;saysomething;honorable;lessimportant;sidewithhisfather;getawayfromC. lessimportant;sidewithhiswife;remainsilent;dishonorable;moreimporta

29、nt;sidewithhiswife;moveintoD. moreimportant;sidewithhismother;remainneutral;dishonorable;lessimportant;sidewithhiswife;moveaway.Trueorfalse:1. Generallyspeaking,Chinaisanequalsociety,Americaisahierarchysociety.(F)2. Generallyspeaking,inChinesesociety,thepowerdistanceissmall,whileinAmerica,thepowerdi

30、stanceislarge.(F)3. BoththeAsianandWesterncountrieshavetheconceptof“face”,and“face”hasthesamesocialsignificanceforthesecountriesinthatonesfaceisalsothefaceofonesgroup.(F)4. Thedividingworldviewreliesstronglyon“facts”asopposedto“opinions”.(T)5. AveryroughgeneralizationisthatthinkingfortheGreekistoloo

31、kupward,fortheHinduistolookinward,fortheConfuciansistolookoutward.(F)6. Valuesareexplicitlystoredinourmind.Wearealwaysawareofthem,andwemakejudgmentsaccordingtothem.(F)7. Valuesareseparatefromeachother.Eachoneworkalone.(F)8. Valuescanbecomparedonacontinuumratherthanoneofonlytwopossiblechoices.Peoplee

32、verywherepossessthesamevaluestodifferentdegrees,andtheimportanceofthatcommonvalue,howitgetsactedout,isamatterofdegree.(T)9. “Lover”and“愛(ài)人”havethesamemeaning.(F)10. InbothChinaandWesterncountries,itisverycommonandusualforadultstofondleotherpeoplesbabiesandverysmallchildrentoshowtheiraffectionandfrien

33、dliness.(F).Translation:1. TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese:1) NatureandManareblendedintooneharmoniousidentity.天人合一2) NatureaffectshumanaffairsandhumanbehaviorfindsresponseinNature.天人感應(yīng)3) Natureaccordswithhumanwishes.天從人愿4) Yourcharacterwillbetinted“red”(good)ifyouareinthecompanyof“redness”,b

34、ut“black”(bad)ifyouareinclosecontactwithink.近朱者赤，近墨者黑5) Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.天助自助者6) Lookbeforeyouleap.三思而后行輕霜凍死單根草，狂風(fēng)狗拿耗子，多管閑事7) Asinglearrowiseasilybroken,butnotabunch.難毀萬(wàn)木林Hewhostirsanother'sporridgeoftenburnshisown.2. TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish:1) 容忍toleranceofothers2)

35、 中庸之道m(xù)oderation,followingthemiddleway3)修養(yǎng)self-cultivation4) 不重競(jìng)爭(zhēng)non-competitiveness5)信用trust-worthiness6) 貞節(jié)chastityinwomen7) 寡欲havingfewdesires服從、孝敬、尊崇、贍養(yǎng)父母filialpietyV.Tellthemeaningofthefollowinggesturesindifferentcountries:Gesture 1Gesture 2Gesture 31. IntheUS,England,Swedenitisusedtogetherwitht

36、heverbalmessag卷et'skeepourfingerscrossedtomeanthat一thepersonishopingforgoodluck.InGreeceandTurkeyitmeansthebreakingofafriendship.InpartsofItalyitmeans_OK.2. IntheUSitmeansGreat,perfect,acceptable,OK.InBelgiumandFrance,itmeanszero.InBrazil,Turkey,GreeceandMaltaithas_anobscenemeaning.InJapanitmean

37、smoney.InTunisia,itisusedasthreat.3. ItmeansSlowdown',relax"orwaitasecond.TestPaper2下列各題請(qǐng)參閱了所指定的課本內(nèi)容后，用中文回答，可翻譯課本的內(nèi)容作為答案。VI.Answerthefollowingquestions1. WhataretheimplicationsoftheindividualismintheWestandthecollectivismintheEast?(P66-68)2. OfferyourinterpretationswithexamplesabouttheChine

38、seandtheWesternmodesofthinking.(P93-97)VH.Caseanalysis:1. StudythefollowingChinesepoemandEnglishstatementsandseewhatmessagesyoucandrawfromitthatarerelevanttointerculturalcommunicationstudy.(P28-29)1) 橫看成嶺側(cè)成峰，遠(yuǎn)近高低各不同，不識(shí)廬山真面目，只緣身在此山中。2) Youwillnotknowyourownculturewelluntilyoucommunicatewithanother,3)

39、 Ifwedonotrecognizeourhumanityinothers,wewillnotrecognizeitinourselves.2. ReadthequotationfromAbrahamLincolnandworkoutwhatvalueheexpressed.Explainthisvalue.(P59-60)Wedowishtoallowthehumblestmananequalchancetogetrichwitheveryoneelse.Whenonestartspoor,asmostdointheraceoflife,freesocietyissuchthathekno

40、wshecanbetterhiscondition;heknowsthatthereisnofixedconditionoflaborforhiswholelife.3. Studythecaseandthentrytoanswerthequestionsthatfollow.(P86-92)WuhadjuststartedworkingforaSwedishcompanythathadextensivebusinesscommitmentsinChina.AlargepartofhisworkconcernedadvisinghisexpatriatecolleaguesonChineseb

41、usinesspractices.Thisinvolvedbothwritingreportsandrecommendationsandaddressingmeetings.Ashewasveryanxioustosucceed,Wualwaysresearchedhistopicsthoroughlyandtriedtomakehispresentationsasclearaspossible.However,hegraduallybecameawarethatsomethingwaswrong.Itoftenseemedthatnobodylistenedtohimandhisadvice

42、wasignored.Whenhespokeatmeetings,hefeltthatpeoplewereimpatientanduninterestedinwhathehadtosay.HegotmoreandmoreunhappyandbegantofeelthathiscolleagueswerenotinterestedinhisopinionsbecausehewasChinese.This,hethought,wasracism.Thecompanyhadapolicyofannualreview,whichmeantthateverystaffmembermetwiththemanagingdirectoronceayeartodiscusshisorherprogress.WhenthetimecameforWusreview,hemanagi