外研高中必修 4 module6 知識(shí)輔導(dǎo)

1、.必修4第6模塊知識(shí)輔導(dǎo)重點(diǎn)單詞【詞條1】attack It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it. Page 51【點(diǎn)撥】這句話的意思是“它經(jīng)常生氣，會(huì)襲擊靠近它的任何人。 其中attack為及物動(dòng)詞，意思是“襲擊， attack也可作不及物動(dòng)詞。如： A girl was attacked and robbed by two strong men. The enemy attacked during the night.【拓展】1. attack也可當(dāng)“鞭撻講，搭配為attack sb. / sth. fo

2、r sth. / doing sth.。如：He was attacked for his corruption.2. attack也可作名詞，和動(dòng)詞launch / make等搭配， launch / make an attack on sb. / sth. 攻擊。如： They launched an attack on racism.【詞條2】claim 【課文原句】He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. Page 52【點(diǎn)撥】這句話的意思是“他說他看見一個(gè)圓形黑色的東

3、西在湖面快速游過。其中claim的意思是“聲稱，聲稱，后可跟that從句或動(dòng)詞不定式。如： I dont claim to be an expert. He claimed he should be given a fairer opportunity. 【拓展】claim的意思還有：1. 要求，認(rèn)領(lǐng)。如：Has anyone claimed this watch?2. 索賠，索取。如：Did you claim the insurance after your car accident?3. 注意，考慮。如：The matter claims our attention.【詞條3】cover

4、【課文原句】 It is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometers. Page 52【點(diǎn)撥】這句話的意思是“天池海拔2189米，面積有10平方公里。其中，cover an area of意為“占有空間,也可以只用cover。如：The town covers an area of 5 square miles. 【拓展】cover 的其他意思還有：1. 覆蓋。如：The mountain is covered with snow all the year round.2. 包含，涉及。如：The le

5、cture covers many aspects of business. 3. 走完一段路程。如：I can cover the distance on foot in two hours.4. 報(bào)道。如：The reporters are covering the fire for a newspaper.【詞條4】adapt 【課文原句】If you can adapt to something, you can change in order to make the situation better. Page 55【點(diǎn)撥】這里的adapt是“使合適的意思，常搭配介詞to，adapt

6、 sth可以表示為adapt oneself to sth.。如：He adapted himself to the cold weather.【拓展】adapt的意思還有：1. 改編。adapt sth. for sth.把改編為。如： This story has been adapted for a play from its original edition. 2. 翻改，以適應(yīng)新用處。如：These tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people. 【詞條5】evolve 【課文原句】When animals

7、or plants evolve, they change and develop over a long period of time. Page 55【點(diǎn)撥】這里的evolve是“演變，進(jìn)化的意思。evolvefrom sth.從演變?yōu)?。如：The species evolved from a monkey 5,000 years ago. 【拓展】evolve還有“開展的意思, evolve into sth. from sth.。如：This company has evolved into a major branch of the association. 重點(diǎn)短語【詞條1】be

8、related to 【課文原句】Many people think the monster may be related to Nessie. Page 54 【點(diǎn)撥】 這句話的意思是“許多人認(rèn)為，這個(gè)怪獸和尼斯湖水怪有關(guān)“。其中， be related to 表示“與有關(guān)的, 與be connected with意思相近。如：This kind of illness is related to sever stress. Pay increase will be related to productivity. He was connected with the case. 【拓展】1.

9、relate to sth. / sb. 表示“涉及，與相關(guān)。如： This essay relates to the economic situation of the world. 2. relate還可作“講述，表達(dá)講。relate sth. to sb. 向某人表達(dá)，講述。如：He related his traveling experience to the audience. 【詞條2】die out 【課文原句】Perhaps too much fighting caused the dinosaurs to die out. Page 56【點(diǎn)撥】這句話的意思是“可能過多的爭(zhēng)斗

10、導(dǎo)致了恐龍的滅絕。其中，die out是“滅絕，消失的意思。如：This species has already died out because its habitat is being destroyed. 【拓展】與die相關(guān)的短語還有：1. die off 相繼死去。如：Due to the lack of food supplies, the giant pandas died off in a month. 2. die down 逐漸平息，逐漸暗淡。如:When the applause had died down, the professor began his speech.

11、3. die way 減弱，消失。如： The noise of the parade died way eventually. 【詞條3】due to Some experts believe it is due to the animals the myths grew out of. Page 59【點(diǎn)撥】這句話的意思是“有些專家認(rèn)為，是因?yàn)檫@些動(dòng)物而產(chǎn)生了迷信。其中，due to 是“因?yàn)椋瑲w咎于的意思，相當(dāng)于because of, as a result of。如：All our achievements are due to the correct leadership of ou

12、r Party.The flight was cancelled due to the heavy fog.【拓展】due的相關(guān)用法還有： 1. due to sb. 應(yīng)支付，應(yīng)給予。如：Have you paid the money this is due to her?2. due for sth. 應(yīng)有，應(yīng)得到。如：He is due for a weeks leave.3. in due course 在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候。如： I will give you a satisfying answer in due course.重點(diǎn)語法-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表猜測(cè)用來表猜測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：must, can

13、, may等，但它們所表示可能性是不同的。對(duì)如今發(fā)生的事情猜測(cè)1. 對(duì)如今的事情進(jìn)展猜測(cè)，并且可能性較大時(shí)，肯定形式一般用must加動(dòng)詞原形，此時(shí)，must不再表示“必須，而是表示“肯定；否認(rèn)形式一般用cant加動(dòng)詞原形，此時(shí)，can不再表示“可以，而是表示“肯定不。如： I saw him go out just now. He cant be in his own room. It must be Linda in the classroom, because she is on duty today. 2. 對(duì)如今的事情進(jìn)展猜測(cè)，但把握較小時(shí)，肯定形式一般用may加動(dòng)詞原形，此時(shí)，may

14、不再表示“可以，而是表示“可能；否認(rèn)形式一般用may not加動(dòng)詞原形。如：He may tell the truth to his father. She may not angry because she is good-tempered.3. 對(duì)如今的事情進(jìn)展猜測(cè)，但把握更小時(shí)，肯定形式一般用might加動(dòng)詞原形；否認(rèn)形式一般用might not加動(dòng)詞原形。如： She might not be angry because she usually is very patient.He might be at home now, but Im not sure.對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情猜測(cè)1. 對(duì)

15、過去的事情進(jìn)展猜測(cè)，并且可能性較大時(shí)，肯定形式一般用must have done，否認(rèn)形式一般用cant have done。如：Your score is the highest; you must have studied very hard.You cant have seen her in her office last Friday; shes been out of town for two weeks.2. 對(duì)過去的事情進(jìn)展猜測(cè)，但把握較小時(shí)，肯定形式一般用may have done，否認(rèn)形式一般用may not have done。如： He may have gone bac

16、k home, because he didnt say he would take part in her birthday party.He may not have paid for the bill, because he had lost his job.3. 對(duì)過去的事情進(jìn)展猜測(cè)，但把握更小時(shí)，肯定形式一般用might have done，否認(rèn)形式用might not have done。如：They helped send her bat to the hospital; otherwise, she thought, the baby might have died. She might not have left home when I got to school. 注意：另外，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面也可加進(jìn)展時(shí)表推測(cè)。1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞如今進(jìn)展時(shí)，表示對(duì)如今或?qū)碚谶M(jìn)展的情況進(jìn)展推測(cè)。如：At this moment, our teacher must b