虛擬語氣概括與總結

1、1. 非真實條件句中的虛擬語氣1 與現(xiàn)在事實相反If 從句:一般過去時(were主句: would (should,could,might+ 動詞原形e.g. If I were you, I _ all those stories. Old Bill loves making things up.A. would nt believe B. will believeC. will not believe D. would believe2）與過去事實相反If 從句:過去完成時主句： would (should,could,might+ have +過去分詞e.g. Things might

2、have been much worse if the mother _ on her right to keep the baby.A. has been insisting B. had insistedC. would insist D. insisted3）與將來事實相反If 從句: should/ were to +動詞原形主句： would (should,could,might+ 動詞原形e.g. Jean does nt want to work right away because she thinks that if she _ a job she probably wou

3、ld nt be able to see her friends very often.A. has to get B. had got C. could have gotD. were to get注釋：A. 虛擬條件句中如果含有助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、動詞 be 或have ，可將 if 省略，后面主、謂語要部分倒裝（即把助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、動詞 be 或 have 放到主語的前面）B. 由suppose, supposing, provided, on condition that 引導的從句有時也可用虛擬語氣，其謂語形式用過去式2. 虛擬語氣的特殊句型1）wish 后面的賓語從句1. 與現(xiàn)在事

4、實相反-謂語動詞用一般過去時，be (were2. 與過去事實相反-had+過去分詞或could/would+have+過去分詞3. 與將來事實相反-would/could/might+動詞原形2 would rather, had rather, would sooner, would as soon 后面的賓語從句中與過去事實相反-had +過去分詞;與現(xiàn)在/將來事實相反-一般過去時3 suggest 后面的賓語從句中, (should + V常見的要求虛擬的其它動詞有: advise, ask, beg, command, decide, demand, desire, determin

5、e, direct, insist, intend, maintain(堅持, move(提議, object, order, propose, prefer, pray, recommend, request, require, resolve, urge, vote(提議, prescribe(指示 等.4 與suggestion 等名詞有關的表語從句或同位語從句中, (should +V其他名詞有:advice, decision, demand, desire, idea, importance, insistence, motion, necessity, order, pray,

6、preference, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, resolution, significance, understanding 等5 在It is /was +adj./V-ed +that 引導的主語從句中, (should + V這類形容詞有: advisable, appropriate, better, crucial, desirable, essential, imperative, important, insistent, natural, necessary, preferable, possible,

7、probable, strange, surprising, urgent, vital等.6 在It is time 后面的定語從句中, 謂語動詞用一般過去時; 有時為了強調, time 前面常常加high, about等詞。e.g. Its already 5 oclock now. Dont you think its about time _?A. we are going home B. we go homeC. We went home D. we can go home7 在as if 或 as though引導的讓步狀語從句中，謂語動詞形式與wish 后面的賓語從句中的謂語動詞

8、形式相同。8 在in order that, so that 引導的目的狀語從句中，謂語動詞用may (might +V, 在口語中常用can (could + V。9 在lest, for fear that, in case 引出的目的狀語從句中，謂語動詞用 ( should +V10. 由whetheror, whatever, whoever, no matter what 等引導的讓步狀語從句中，謂語動詞用 (may +V；有時whether 可省略，句子用倒裝形式e.g. The business of each day, _selling goods or shipping th

9、em, went quite smoothly.A. it being B. be itC. was it D. it was3. 混合(交叉 型的虛擬語氣1. 時間混合(交叉/ 錯綜時間條件句有時條件句表示的動作和主句所表示的動作發(fā)生的時間不一致，這時動詞的形式要根據具體時間來表現(xiàn)。e.g. If I had nt stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _ now.A. would nt be smilingB. could nt have smiledC. wont smileD. did nt smile2. 語氣混合(交叉/ 含蓄條件句是指句中沒有明顯的虛擬條件句，而是通過一個介詞短語，如：with, without, but for 等；有時可以通過連詞或副詞，如：but, but that, or, otherwise等；有時甚至可以通過上下文或其他方式來暗示虛擬條件的存在。固定結構中的虛擬語氣1. If it were not for （要不是）2. If it had not been for/ Had it not been（要不是） 3. Be that (as it may （盡