新版八級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第三單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

1、新版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)第三單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納Un it3 Could you please clea n your room?一、Peter ,could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？sure,mom.Could you please do sth ? 請(qǐng)你做好嗎？ 用于提出請(qǐng)求，希望得到對(duì)方的肯定答復(fù)，說(shuō)話的語(yǔ)氣比擬客氣委婉。Could不是can的過(guò)去式，是委婉、禮貌的說(shuō)法。答復(fù)用can.【常用答語(yǔ)】肯定答復(fù)：Sure./ Of course./ Certai nl y./No problem.否認(rèn)答復(fù)：Sorry , Ican'

2、 t2、take out 取出v+ adv【注】：跟代詞做賓語(yǔ)，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語(yǔ)，可放在中間，也可放在后邊take有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)： take out帶出去，取出Please take out a piece of paper.請(qǐng)拿出一張紙。Please take it out.請(qǐng)把它拿出來(lái)。take .out "把帶出去My father is taking me out to go for a drive.我爸爸要帶我出去開(kāi)車。(1) take off脫下；飛機(jī)起飛-Please take off your coat外套，It ' s warm here.-The pl

3、a ne took off at 9:00 am.【短語(yǔ)】take out the trash/rubbish 倒垃圾 take away 拿走，取走take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下； 起飛2taketo把 帶到. (3)take sb. for a walk帶某人去散步 take a walk 散步4take exercise 運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉5take one ' s time 不用急，慢慢來(lái)6take a bus(ship/train)乘坐公共汽車7take turns 輪流，替換8It takes sb. some time to do s

4、th.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間3. Can you do the dishes. ?那你可以洗盤子嗎？do the dishes 洗碗【結(jié)構(gòu)1】do the +名詞： do the dishes/ laundry洗餐具/衣服【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動(dòng)詞-ing do the cleaning 清掃衛(wèi)生【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do one ' s + 名詞 do one ' s housework/ homework 做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè)【結(jié)構(gòu) 4 】do some + 動(dòng)詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書(shū) /購(gòu)物4. could you please help

5、 out with a few thi ngs?help out動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示在某人繁忙或遇到困難時(shí)“給予幫助。help和out之間還可以參加具體的“人。e.g. He helped me out with my task.他幫我完成了任務(wù)。They helped (us) out with the clean -up.他們幫助我們做大掃除。5. Because Mom will back fromshopping any minute now .因?yàn)閶寢岏R上回來(lái)購(gòu)物。6. a ny mi nute now 一種常見(jiàn)的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)法，相當(dāng)于“隨時(shí)；馬上；在任何時(shí)刻的意思,e.g. Don '

6、; t worry, he will come here anyminute now.另U擔(dān)憂, 他會(huì)馬上來(lái)這兒。7.Could I at least finish watch ing this show?至少讓我看完這個(gè)節(jié)目可以嗎？1 】Could I do sth?我可以做.嗎？用于表達(dá)請(qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣比擬委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weeke nd?2】at least至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most至多3】finish v 結(jié)束；完成finish doing sth 做完某事eg Can you finish rea

7、d ing these books before 10 o'clock? Yes, I can.5、 丨thi nk two hours of TV is en ough for you!我覺(jué)得你看兩個(gè)小時(shí)的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。1】two hours of TV表示時(shí)間、距離、金額、度量等詞語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常被視作整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。How time is flies! Three years is really a short time.時(shí)光飛逝！三年真的是短暫的時(shí)光?！窘馕?】enough足夠的，充分的在句中作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)I don ' t have eno ugh mone

8、y with me. 我沒(méi)有足夠的錢?！窘馕?】足夠；充分放在形容詞；副詞后The river is deep eno ugh for swim ming.這條河夠深，可以游泳?！居洝?Mr. Smith has eno ugh money ,but he isn ' t kind eno ugh to help others. 史米斯先生 有足夠的錢，但他不夠好心幫助別人【注意】enough修飾名詞時(shí)，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時(shí)，置于形容詞之后。6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?你能把

9、垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？【解析】take out拿出；取出take的用法：Please take some books to the classroom.請(qǐng)帶一些書(shū)至 U教室去。Take this medici ne three times a day.這藥一天服三次。They usually take the bus to work.他們通常乘公共汽車去上班。It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.我每天花兩個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)。短語(yǔ) take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛 t

10、ake up 占據(jù)take down 拿下 take one ' s time不急； 慢慢來(lái) take one ' s temperature 量體溫7. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over .我剛坐在電視機(jī)前面，我媽媽就過(guò)來(lái)了?！窘馕?1 】the minute = as soon as 一 就Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】in front of指在物體外部的前面There is a bike in front of the c

11、lassroom.教室前面有一輛自行車。指在物體內(nèi)部的前面Our teacher is sta ndi ng in the fro nt of the classroom 我們的老師正站在教室的前面【記】 The driver sat _in the front of_ the car. The policema n stoodin front of_ the car.【注意】有the無(wú)the區(qū)別大：at table吃飯；進(jìn)餐in hospital 住院at the tabel 在桌邊in the hospital 在醫(yī)院不一定看病【解析3】come over過(guò)來(lái)【拓展】come短語(yǔ)：come

12、 across 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來(lái) come up with 想出come true 實(shí)現(xiàn) come down 下來(lái) come from=be from 來(lái)自，出生于come in/into 進(jìn)入，進(jìn)來(lái) come on 趕快，加油 come along 走吧，過(guò)來(lái),快點(diǎn)come and go 來(lái)來(lái)去去 come up 上來(lái)come out出來(lái)，(花)開(kāi)，(照片)沖洗出來(lái)7. You watch TV all the time and n ever help out around the house!你總是看電視，從不幫助做家務(wù)！all the time = always 一直；

13、 總是8.1 ' m just as tired as you are!我和你一樣累！【解析】as.as . 和一樣 9. For one week , she did not do any housework and n either did I.一周的時(shí)間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也不做?！窘馕觥縩either +助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ) 某人主語(yǔ)也不neither兩者都不neither nor既不也不,連接兩個(gè)詞做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由后一個(gè)主語(yǔ)確定Neither Tom nor Jim is a stude nt 表達(dá)“也不那么用 “ Neither/Nor + be / V助/ V

14、情+主The first one wasn ' t bad.Neither was the second.第一個(gè)并不壞。-第二個(gè)也不是。10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔?！窘馕觥縡ind +賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)【注】find t found 宀found v尋找(1) find sb. doing sth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很 find it difficul

15、t/ hard to do sth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難She fou ndt_ hard to fin ish the workby herself.她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很難完成這項(xiàng)工作。11. She asked in surprise. 她吃驚地問(wèn)道?！窘馕觥縤n surprise驚奇地；吃驚地surprise v 使吃驚 tsurprising adj. 令人吃驚的 tsurprised adj. 吃驚的to one ' s surprise使某人吃驚的是in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對(duì)感至U吃驚To my surprise, 使我吃驚的是，he got th

16、e first prize in the exam.12. "I so sorry, Mom. I finish un dersta nd that we n eed to share the housework to have aclea n and comfortable home. I replied.對(duì)不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個(gè)干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來(lái)分擔(dān)家務(wù)。我答復(fù)說(shuō)?！窘馕?】need v需要用于肯定句，是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。(1) 人做主語(yǔ)，sb. n eed to do sth某人需要做某事(2) 物做主語(yǔ)，sth n eed doing sth= sth n ee

17、d to be done Stude nts n eedto have_(have) a good rest in study ing. The watchneeds_mending(men d).手表需要修。用于否認(rèn)句或疑問(wèn)句，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(1) needn ' t = don ' t have沒(méi)有必要(2) need ,must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定會(huì)的用must,否認(rèn)答復(fù)用need n'tMust I go there now? Yes，you must/No, you needn't【解析2 share分享；共用 share sth分享或共用某物share

18、 sth with sb. 與某人分享某物(All his friends _Sharedhis happ in ess whe n he won the match.13. Could I hang out with my frie nds after the movie?看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？【解析hang out閑逛 hang up把懸掛/掛起14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？【解析passv給；遞；走過(guò)；通過(guò) pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某Pass on傳遞Please pass the paper on t

19、o the other stude nts. v 通過(guò)； 路過(guò) I pass your home. v 通過(guò)考試； 及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書(shū)看嗎、Could you lend me some mo ney?你能借我一些錢嗎？【解析borrow /len d/keep(1)borrow 借入，與from連用，尤指主語(yǔ)"【借進(jìn)來(lái)】borrow sth from sb.從某人那里借某物You can borrow the book from the library.lend借出，與

20、to搭配【指借出去lend sb sth=lend sth to sb把某物借給某人 He doesn ' t want to lend his book to others.(3) keep保存，保存延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用【指借一段時(shí)間【記I want to _borrow_ a bike from my friend but he didn' t _lendit to me,because Tom had _keptit for two days.16. I cut my fin ger and I' m trying not to get it w

21、et.我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕?！窘馕鰐ry (n ot) to do sth 努力不做某事。try v試圖，設(shè)法，努力【拓展(1)try on試穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事【側(cè)重盡力做】(3) try doi ng sth試圖做某事【側(cè)重嘗試做】(4) try one ' s best to do sth= do one ' s best to 盡某人最大努力做某事17. I hate to do chores. 我討厭做家務(wù)。hate doi ng sth 不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性行為或動(dòng)作。She hates smok ing in herr

22、oom.她討厭在房間里抽煙。18. Could I ask you to help me with some chores the n?那我能請(qǐng)求你幫我做些雜活嗎？【解析】ask sb. to do sth要求某人做某事。ask for請(qǐng)求，要某物ask sb. about sth向某人詢問(wèn)關(guān)于某事(1)ask sb. for help向某人請(qǐng)求幫助ask sb. (not) to do sth 請(qǐng)求某人做某事ask構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)：短語(yǔ)含義ask sb. to do sth 請(qǐng)某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不讓某人做某事ask sb for sth向某人要某物ask for

23、help 尋求幫助19.1 ' ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.當(dāng)你幫我洗盤子的時(shí)候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)?！窘馕?】finish doing sth 完成某事 Can you finish _reading_ these books before 10 o' clock?你能在十點(diǎn)前讀完這些書(shū)嗎？一 Yes, I ca n.【解析2】while conj.在彳期間；當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候While引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。_While _ the childre n have fun, par

24、e nts can take dance less ons on the beach.當(dāng)孩子們玩得開(kāi)心時(shí)，父母可以在海灘上上舞蹈課?！窘馕?】help sb. with sth.在某事上幫助某人?！咀ⅰ縣elp v幫助 t helpful adj.有幫助的(1) help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事(2) with the help ofsb.=with one ' s he在某人的幫助之下(3) without the help of 沒(méi)有在 的幫助之下 I thi nk readi ng is very _helpful(help)

25、. _Withoutyour help, we couldn' t 抓a住小偷bthief.20. Could I in vite my frie nds to a party?我能邀請(qǐng)我的朋友們來(lái)聚會(huì)嗎？【解析】invite sb. to Sp.邀請(qǐng)某人去某地【解析】invite v t invitationn 邀請(qǐng)(1) in vite sb. to do sth邀請(qǐng)某人做某事(2) invite sb. to + 地點(diǎn) 邀請(qǐng)某人去某地21.1 don ' t understand why some parents make their kids help with hou

26、sework and choresat home.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫助做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)?！窘馕觥縨ake sb. do sth讓某人做某事make 宀 made 宀 made v. 做， 制作， 使得(1) make sb/sth + 形容詞讓某人或某物 make you happy make sb/sth do sth使某人做某事make me laugh.Colors can cha nge our moods and make us _feel_ happy or sad, en ergetic orsleep.顏色可以改變我們的心情，使我們感到快樂(lè)或悲傷，精力充分或睡眠。

27、22. They d on' t have time to study and do housework , too.他們也沒(méi)有時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)家務(wù)和做家務(wù)。have time =be free 有空23. Housework is a waste of their time.做家務(wù)是在浪費(fèi)他們的時(shí)間?！窘馕觥縜 waste of 浪費(fèi) a waste of time 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間a waste of money浪費(fèi)金錢waste v 浪費(fèi)waste time/m oney on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth在做某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間 /金錢Don'

28、 t _waste_water. Can ' t you see the sign“ save不要浪費(fèi)水？ 你看不到 節(jié)約用水的牌子嗎？24. They should spe nd their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into agood un iversity.為了取得好成績(jī)并考上一所好大學(xué)，他們應(yīng)該把時(shí)間用在學(xué)習(xí)上?！窘馕?】spend. on sth在某事上花費(fèi) spe nd/pay/cost/take花費(fèi)(1) spend t spent spent v 花費(fèi),主語(yǔ)是人 sb.+ spend

29、+ 時(shí)間 /錢 +on sth sb. +spend + 時(shí)間 /錢 + in doing sth spe nd on= pay for支付He spe nds too much time on the computer games.他花太多時(shí)間在電腦游戲上。Remember t o spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they' re not going to bearound forever.記得花些時(shí)間和你所愛(ài)的人在一起，因?yàn)樗麄儾粫?huì)永遠(yuǎn)在你身邊。My father _spe nt_ one hun dred thous

30、a nd yua n on his new car.我父親花了十萬(wàn)元買他的新車(2) pay t paid t paid v支付，主語(yǔ)是人 sb.+ pay + 錢 +for sth I pay 10 yua n for the book.How much did you pay for this computer?你花了多少錢買這臺(tái)電腦一Fivehun dred dollars.(3) cost t cost t costv花費(fèi)，主語(yǔ)是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +錢 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢A new computer costs me a lot of mon ey.I bought

31、 a new sweater last weeke nd. Itcost_ me 120 yua n.上周末我買了一件新毛衣。我花了 120元(4) take t took t taken v 花費(fèi) It takes /took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間It takes him 3 hours to do his homework. 他花了 3 個(gè)小時(shí)做作業(yè)?！窘馕?】in order to 目的是；為了 后接動(dòng)詞原形。in order to do sth為了做某事He ran quickly in order not _to belate for

32、 the meeti ng.他跑得很快，為了不遲至 U?！窘馕?】get in to =en ter 進(jìn)入【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服get dressed 穿衣 get into 進(jìn)入 get/be lost 喪失 get off/on 下/上車get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從出來(lái) get warm 變曖get well康復(fù) get a chanee 有時(shí)機(jī)、得到時(shí)機(jī)get/go to sleepfall asleep 入睡 相關(guān)：be asleep 睡著25. Also,when

33、 they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there' s no need for them todo it now.而且，當(dāng)他們長(zhǎng)大的時(shí)候，他們也將會(huì)做家務(wù)，因此，他們沒(méi)必要現(xiàn)在在做?！窘馕觥縢et older長(zhǎng)大get/ become/ go 辨析：become 強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果It's becomi ng colder and colder.天氣變得越來(lái)越冷。go+adj."表示令人不快的事情go bad變壞，go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓26. It is the parents'

34、 job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for theirchildre n.在家為孩子們提供一個(gè)干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)?！窘馕觥縫rovide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物provide v 提供provide sb. with sth. sb前介詞用 for =provide sth for sb. sth 前需加介詞 with供應(yīng)某人某物相當(dāng)于： offer sb. sth. = offer sth to vide為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而提供；供應(yīng)offer側(cè)重表示 愿意給予 offe

35、r sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. 對(duì)某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動(dòng)提出干某事supply 定期 供應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 為某人提供某物 The Internet provides us _with_a lot of _informationwe n eed.因特網(wǎng)給我們提供了許多我們需要的信息。 一Could you please provide us _withsome information about the studentshealth? Of cours e,

36、 it ' s my pleasure能為我們提供一些關(guān)于學(xué)生的健康信息？當(dāng)然，這是我的榮幸。27. And any way, I th ink doi ng chores is not so difficult.無(wú)論如何，我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不那么難。【解析】anyway無(wú)論如何，一般放在句首，用逗號(hào)和句子隔開(kāi)28. I think it is importa nt for childre n to lear n how to do chores and help their pare nts with housework.我認(rèn)為對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)習(xí)如何做雜務(wù)并幫助他們的父母做家務(wù)是很重要的

37、?！窘馕觥縄t is importa nt for sb. to do sth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是重要的29. Childre n these days depe nd on their pare nts too much.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母?！窘馕觥縟epe nd on依靠；信賴Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? Well, it alldepe nds onthe weather.30. . Every one should do their part in keep ing it clea n and tidy.每個(gè)人都有責(zé)任保持家里的干凈和整潔

38、?！窘馕?】do one ' s part盡職責(zé)；盡本分 Do one' s part in doing sth 在做某事上盡職責(zé)【解析2】keep +sth /sb. +adj. 使處于某種狀態(tài)Her mother asked her to keep the win dows _open_ and the door _closed_.她媽媽叫她把窗戶翻開(kāi)，關(guān)上了門keep 系動(dòng)詞 保持 keep + adj . We must keep healthy.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞保持；繼續(xù)(1) keep ( on ) doing sth繼續(xù)做某事He was in great pain bu

39、t he kept on work ingHe kept on _ talking_ after the ball rang for class.他不停地球響下課后說(shuō)。(2) keep sb. Do ing sth讓某人一直做某事I ' m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept me _doinghomework all the after noon.對(duì)不起，讓您久等了。我的老師讓我整個(gè)下午做作業(yè)。31. Doing chores helps to develop children' s independenceearadies them how to lookafter themselves.做雜務(wù)不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨(dú)立性還可以教他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约??！窘馕觥縟evelop in depe nde nee培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立意識(shí)develop v development n 開(kāi)展 developing adj.開(kāi)