第二章飛機結(jié)構(gòu)修理常用材料

1、第二章 飛機結(jié)構(gòu)修理常用材料Structure Repair MaterialsRepair materials can be divided into sheet metal materials, extrusions ,formed sections and bars,also,divided into metallic and nonmetallic materials.We will learn the basic knowledges and characteristic of repair materials generally,for further use of these m

2、aterials.修理材料可分為板材，擠壓型材，板彎型材和棒料等,也可分為金屬和非金屬材料。在本章中，我們將大概地學習有關(guān)修理材料的基本知識和特點，為以后我們更好地應用這些材料打好基礎。一、 Sheet Metal Materials板材Most of the sheet metal used in the structure of the airplane is aluminum alloy. Some sheet metal made from corrosion-resistant alloy, titanium alloy, and steel alloy is also used.在

3、飛機結(jié)構(gòu)修理種應用的大部分板材是鋁合金，也會用到不銹鋼，鈦合金和合金鋼等。1.Aluminum Alloys鋁合金(1)You can identify aluminum alloys by symbols of the aluminum association four-digit index system.For example,7075,2024.用四位數(shù)字標識來區(qū)分不同材料的鋁合金，如7075，2024。(2) The "TXXX" code that follows an alloy identifier shows how the alloy was heat-

4、treated. treated. If an "O" follows the alloy identifier, then the material has not been heat-treated.you must heat-treat the part before you install it on the airplane.TXXX表明鋁合金的熱處理是否經(jīng)過熱處理。"O"表明沒有熱處理。鋁合金 1部件在安裝到飛機之前必須經(jīng)過熱處理。(3)The word "clad" before an alloy identifier

5、shows that the alloy has a thin layer of pure aluminum on it.The layer of aluminum was applied to the alloy before the last rolling procedure.It can prevent the aluminum basic from corrosion."clad"表明鋁合金表面有包鋁層，該層是滾壓上去的，對鋁合金基體起到防腐蝕的作用。(4) The aluminum alloy sheet metals most frequently used

6、are 2024-T3 and 7075-T6. 7075-T6 is stronger than 2024-T3.The two materials have differentminimum bend radii.After the 7075 sheet is formed in the annealed condition, it is heat-treated to 7075-T62.最常用的鋁合金是2024-T3 和7075-T6，7075-T6強度高于2024-T3。這兩種材料有不同的最小折彎半徑。7075在退火狀態(tài)成型后，經(jīng)常處理成7075-T62。(5) You must be

7、 careful with aluminum alloy material. Small damage, such as scratches, burrs, and nicks can cause a dangerous decrease in the fatigue strength of the aluminum alloy material.制作鋁合金部件時要注意，劃痕、毛刺和小坑等損傷都會降低材料的抗疲勞性能。2.Magnesium Alloys鎂合金(1)Keep magnesium particles away from sources of ignition.Small part

8、icles of magnesium burn very easily.In sufficient concentration,these small particles can cause an explosion.鎂合金粉塵應遠離火花。鎂合金粉塵容易燃燒。達到一定濃度后，會引起爆炸。(2)For equal volumes of magnesium and aluminum, the weight of magnesium alloy is approximately two-thirds the weight of aluminum.等體積鎂合金和鋁合金，鎂合金重量只有鋁合金的2/3。(

9、3)You can cut, drill and ream magnesium alloy with the same tools you use on steel or brass. The cutting edges of the tool must be sharp.可使用跟鋼和銅合金材料一樣的切割，鉆孔和鉸孔工具，工具刀口必須保持鋒利。(4)Use type B rivets (5056-F aluminum alloy) in magnesium alloy parts. Use clad 2024-T3 aluminum alloy for repair parts鎂合金部件上使用

10、type B 型鉚釘（5056-F鋁合金），用包鋁2024-T3修理部件。3.Titanium Alloys鈦合金(1)Keep magnesium particles away from sources of ignition.Small particles of magnesium burn very easily.In sufficient concentration,these small particles can cause an explosion.鈦合金粉塵應遠離火花。鈦合金粉塵容易燃燒。達到一定濃度后，會引起爆炸。(2)Titanium alloy is almost as

11、strong as corrosion-resistant steel (CRES). For equal volumes of titanium and CRES, the weight of titanium alloy is approximately 56 percent the weight of steel.鈦合金有著跟不銹鋼(CRES)一樣的強度，同體積鈦合金和不銹鋼，鈦合金重量只有不銹鋼重量的56%。(3)Titanium is very resistant to atmospheric corrosion and you usually do not 3need to app

12、ly a finish to it.But, you must isolate titanium from magnesium, aluminum, or alloy steel. If titanium contacts magnesium , aluminum or alloy steel, galvanic corrosion or oxidation will occur.鈦合金很耐腐蝕，經(jīng)常不需要額外的表面處理。但是，必須隔離鈦合金和鎂、鋁合金以及合金鋼。如果鈦合金接觸這些合金，會發(fā)生電偶腐蝕或氧化。(4)Drill,machine work,ream of Titanium all

13、oys have some special operation requirement. See SRM 51-30-01 and SOPM for details.鈦合金的鉆孔、加工、鉸孔等需要特殊操作要求,具體請查閱SRM51-30-01和SOPM4.Corrosion-Resistant Steel (CRES)不銹鋼(1)Corrosion-resistant steel (CRES) sheet is used on some parts when high strength is necessary.不銹鋼通常用于需要高強度的部位。(2)CRES must not touch ma

14、gnesium, aluminum or cadmium. If it does, galvanic corrosion will occur.不銹鋼不能接觸鎂、鋁、鎘等材料，否則會發(fā)生電偶腐蝕。5.InconelInconel 625 and Inconel 718 are nickel-chromium alloys. Inconel is corrosion resistant and stays strong at high temperatures.Inconel 625和Inconel 718是鎳鉻合金。在高溫下，有很好的耐腐蝕性和高的強度。二、 Extrusions and Fo

15、rmed Sections型材Information pertaining to extrusions and formed sections are specified in repair designs contained in SRM. These sections are arranged in numerical sequence by AND and BAC part numbers.Partial sections of Extrusions Used for Repairs are list in Table I( Extrusions Used for Repairs) and Table II(Formed Used For Repairs)在SRM中指定型材應用的部位, 型材使用AND和BAC件號。部分應用請參照Table I( Extrusions Used for Repairs)和Table II(Formed Sections Used For Repairs)Ext