初中英語語法大全：直接引語和間接引語

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初中英語語法大全：直接引語和間接引語1. 直接引語和間接引語的轉換方法 間接引語語序改為陳述句語序陳述句用 that 引導，口語中常省略 She said，例：“I am going to the cinema. ” She said (that) she was going to the cinema. 一般疑問句用if/whether連接，例：“Have you ever travelled by plane?” she asked me. She asked me if / whether I had travelled by plane. 反意疑問句用if/w

2、hether連接，例：He asked，“You are a doctor， arent you?” He asked (me) if / whether I was a doctor. 特殊疑問句由原疑問詞連接(如疑問代詞是主語，不要改變語序)，例：He asked, “Who will come to help us?” He asked who would come to help them.She said, “Where have you been， Simon?” She asked Simon where he had been. 選擇疑問句由 whetheror 引導，例：Ed

3、die said, “Is this a TV set or a computer?” Eddie asked (me) whether that was a TV set or a computer. 祈使句用“tell /ask /order someone (not) to do something” 結構，將動詞原形變?yōu)閯釉~不定式，例：“Put up your hands，” said the teacher. The teacher told them to put up their hands.“Dont play football on the street，” the poli

4、ceman said. The policeman ordered us not to play football on the street.2. 時態(tài)的變化如主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，直接引語變間接引語時，從句的謂語動詞在時態(tài)上要作相應變化：直接引語 間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時 過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時一般過去時 過去完成時過去完成時 過去完成時(不變)一般將來時 過去將來時3. 指示代詞、時間狀語和地點狀語，直接引語變間接引語時的變化 指示代詞this thatthese those 時間狀語now thentoday that daytonight that n

5、ightthis morning(week， month) that morning(week， month )tomorrow the next daynext week(month) the next week(month )yesterday the day beforelast week(month) the week(month) beforethree days(a year ) ago three days(a year ) before 地點狀語 here there 動詞 come go特別提示：以上變化要根據(jù)說話的實際情況來定，不要機械地照搬。假如就在當?shù)剞D述，here 就

6、不必改為there;如果就在當天轉述，yesterday，tomorrow 等時間狀語也不必改變。直擊考點一、單項填空1. My parents always tell me others late at night. Theyre right. Its not polite.A. call B. not call C. to call D. not to call(06年 福州)【答案】D【解析】從答語“他們說得對，那是不禮貌的”可知，“My parents always tell me”意為“父母常叫我不要在夜里給別人打電話”。動詞不定式是not to do，即tell sb. not t

7、o do sth. 。2. This morning my mother asked me .A. why he is not here B. how did my brother do itC. what time is it D. what Judy did over the weekend(06年 長春)【答案】D【解析】主句動詞asked是過去式，間接引語應用與過去有關的時態(tài)，并用陳述語序，只有選項D符合要求。3. They say there a new bridge across the river in two years.A. will have B. is going to

8、be C. has(06年 武漢)【答案】B【解析】They say句是一般現(xiàn)在時，又因in two years“兩年之后”，間接引語要用一般將來時;there be 不可與have一起用，故答案是B。4. Could you tell me ? Glad to help.A. if I have been to the Great Wall B. where did he studyC. how I can get to the station D. whats your name(06年 錦州)【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)間接引語應該是陳述句語序，排除B、D選項，A意思不合邏輯。句中could是

9、一種委婉語氣，不要和過去時態(tài)聯(lián)系在一起。5. The students said they have a picnic together after the big test.A. would love to B. would love C. had love D. had love(06年 呼和浩特)【答案】A【解析】主句中的said是動詞過去式，從after the big test可判斷，間接引語應該用過去將來時;to have a picnic together是would love的賓語。6. What did the head teacher say at the meeting?

10、 He said， “We be proud of working hard. We mustnt be lazy. ”A. must B. neednt C. may D. cant(06年 福州)【答案】A【解析】此題是一句直接引語，根據(jù)句意“我們應該以勤勞為榮，不應該懶惰”，選擇A。7. Who can tell me at the meeting?A. what he said B. he said whatC. what did he say D. how he said(06年 徐州)【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)間接引語對連接詞和語序的要求，排除B、C選項;said是及物動詞，what作

11、賓語。8. Will you please tell us before you came to our city?A. where do you work B. where did you workC. where you worked(06年 成都)【答案】C【解析】 從句應該是用陳述語序。二、根據(jù)要求完成下列各題。1. If you ask someone to help you carry a heavy box， what will you say?(06年 連云港)【答案】Could you give/lend me a hand? 或：Could you help me，please?【解析】因為請求別人幫忙，所以說話語氣要委婉，使用could要比can更好。2. My brother said he (let) me have the bike as soon as he had cleaned it.(用所給詞的適當形式填空)(06年 無錫)【答案】would let/ was going to let【解析】as soon as引導的是時間狀語從句，因為主句是過去式，所以從句由一般將來時改變?yōu)檫^去