高三英語一輪總復習專題25Music句型語法

1、專題2.5 Music【學以致用】三、重點句型剖析1.【教材原句】How does music make you feel? 音樂使你有什么感受？【句式分析】本句中make you feel屬于“make賓語賓補”結構，賓補是不帶to的動詞不定式?！癿ake賓語賓補”結構的常見形式：（1）“make賓語省略to的不定式”表示“使/強迫(做某事)”，但在被動語態(tài)結構中則用帶to的不定式。類似用法的動詞有：see，watch，notice，hear等。make him understand/laugh使他了解/笑He was made to go他是被迫去的。（2）make賓語名詞He made

2、himself a soldier.他使自己成為一名軍人。（3）make賓語過去分詞The foreigner tried to make himself understood這位外國人盡力使別人明白自己的意思。（4）make間接賓語直接賓語I made him a new suit.我做了一套新的衣服給他。注意：“make名詞”相當于與該名詞同義的動詞。make an answer相當于answer，意為“回答”；make an appointment相當于appoint，意為“約定”。學%用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空。（1）We shouldn't make our plan _

3、(know) to everybody.（2）He was made _ (wait) for her over an hour.（3）He explained it again to make himself _ (understand)（4）Don't make the baby _ (cried) any more.2.【教材原句】Sometimes they may play to passersby in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay f

4、or their instruments.有時他們可能在街上或地鐵里為過路者演奏，這樣他們可以為自己或自己要買的樂器多掙一些錢。【句式分析】（1）句中so that引導的是目的狀語從句，意為“以便；以至于”，它相當于in order that。Third，I should study hard so that / in order that I can do something better for my city in the future.第三，我應該努力學習以便將來我能更好地為我的城市做些更好的事。We keep on telling people not to destroy the

5、beauty of nature so that / in order that we can have a cleaner world.為了有一個更清潔的世界，我們一直告誡人們不要破壞美好的大自然。（2）當so that引導目的狀語從句時可以轉換成so as to或in order to結構時，后需要接動詞的原形We'll come at eight so that the meeting can begin early.We'll come at eight so as to/in order to make the meeting begin early.我們將在8點來，

6、以便會議早點開始。（3）so that還可以引導結果狀語從句，意為“結果”。He got up late yesterday morning so that he missed the flight.他昨天早晨起晚了，結果沒趕上航班。（1）句型轉換。You must work hard so that you can finish the work in time.You must work hard _ you can finish the work in time.You must work hard _（2）單句改錯。Trust is needed in the whole societ

7、y，which requires parents to obey their own rules and set a good example that children can trust them._【答案】that前加so3.【教材原句】The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.音樂家一邊演奏音樂，一邊彼此打趣逗笑。這些玩笑和音樂大多都在模仿“甲殼蟲”樂隊?！揪涫椒治觥烤渲胁欢ㄊ健皌o play.mu

8、sic”作were的表語，不定式作表語常用來表示按計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作或用來解釋主語的內容。Our most important task now is to make a plan我們現(xiàn)在最重要的任務是制訂一個計劃。My wish is to be a doctor when I grow up.我的愿望是長大后當一名醫(yī)生。What I love best now is to have a relaxing holiday.我現(xiàn)在最喜歡的是過一個輕松的假期?！練w納拓展】不定式作表語：一般表示具體動作，特別是表示將來的動作。如：What I would suggest is to star

9、t work at once. 我的建議是立刻開始干。動名詞作表語：常表示抽象的一般性行為。如：Our work is serving the people. 我們的工作是為人民服務?！久麕燑c津】有時這種區(qū)別并不很嚴格。但要注意：主語和表語要用同一種形式；平行結構中要用同一種形式。如：To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.眼見為實。即學即練一、單句語法填空。（1）My job is _ (look) after my sister when mum is cooking.（2）What I will do next is _ (help) them.

10、4.【教材原句】Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.弗雷迪和他的樂隊無論走到哪兒都有人跟隨?！揪涫椒治觥勘揪錇閺碗s的簡單句。句中not .without .表示雙重否定(即：肯定)，常見的句式：not (never) do/no .without (doing) sth. “沒有就不能；要必定”cannot.too. “越越無論怎樣也不為過”The two men can never watch Feng Gongs performance without laughing. 這兩個人看馮鞏的

11、表演沒有不笑的時候。What he has said is not without reason.他說的話并非沒有道理。（1）We can't leave the country a passport. 沒有護照我們就不能出國。（2）He said he would not go to the party .他說沒有受到邀請他是不會去參加那個聚會的。（3）You shouldn't have left anyone.你不該沒向任何人道別就離開。5.【教材原句】Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who di

12、d not know them but talked as if they were close friends.一些不認識他們的人也在不斷地討論他們的私生活，而且就像他們是親密的朋友一樣。【句式分析】（1）本句為主從復合句。句子結構為：（2）在這個定語從句中，含有as if引導的方式狀語從句修飾talked。當as if/though引導的從句中的內容為非真實情況時，從句通常用虛擬語氣。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反時從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時。He talks as if he knew where she was. 他說話的樣子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。 表示與過去事實相反時從句的謂語動語用had過

13、去分詞。 She worked as calm as usual as if she had heard nothing. 她像往常一樣平靜地工作，好像什么也沒聽見一樣。表示將來的可能性不大時從句的謂語動語用would/should/might/could動詞原形。 He opened his mouth as if he would say something. 他張開嘴好像要說些什么?！久麕燑c津】as if 從句用陳述語氣的情況：當說話者認為句子所述的是真實的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的事實時。It looks as if it is going to rain.看起來好像要下雨。 一、選擇題（

14、1）Don't handle the vase as if it made of steel.Ais B were Chas been D had been【答案】B二、完成句子（2）看起來海水好像不干凈，不能在這兒游泳。It looks the sea water isn't clean enough to swim here.（3）他快步跑回家，看上去好像有什么事不對勁。He quickly ran home, looking there was something wrong with him.【答案】（2）as if/though（3）as if/though6.【教材

15、原句】Now whenever we go to the pub, we play our songs and buy drinks for the regulars. 現(xiàn)在，無論我們何時去酒吧，我們都為?？脱葑喔枨①徺I飲料。 【句式分析】本句為主從復合句。本句中含有whenever引導的時間狀語從句，表示“無論何時”，相當于no matter when。引導讓步狀語從句時，兩種形式都可以用，但是引導名詞性從句時，只能用whenever。用法相似的還有whatever，whichever，however，wherever與no matter what，no matter which，no m

16、atter how，no matter where等。即學即練（1）Home is such a place where you can come back you are tired.家是這樣的一個地方，一個無論你何時感到疲憊都可以回來休息的地方。（2） you happen to see such things is not strange.無論什么地方你看到那樣的事都不奇怪。（3）I'll finish the job, _ it takes. 不管花多少時間，我都要完成這項工作。（4）_, never forget that you're a Chinese.無論走到哪

17、里，都不要忘了你是個中國人。（5）If they do not take this fair chance, the consumer can do _如果他們不把握住這次公平的機會，消費者可以采取任何他們想采取的行動。7.【教材原句】At last feeling very upset and sensitive, Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country before it became too painful for them.最后，由于深感苦惱，神經(jīng)高度緊張，弗雷迪和他的樂隊意識到他們必須在自己感到太痛苦

18、之前離開這個國家。【句式分析】before引導時間狀語從句時，往往表示主句動作先于從句動作發(fā)生，注意譯法：（1）說明兩個時間或兩個事件之間的關系，譯成“在.之前”。We can set off early before it gets hot. 我們在天熱之前早點出發(fā)。（2）與情態(tài)動詞can/could連用，這時從句雖為肯定形式，但根據(jù)漢語表達習慣譯成“還沒來得及.就”。 Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 我還沒來得及插話他就為我量好了尺寸。（3）用于肯定句中，強調主句所表達的時間多、距離長或花費的精力大，譯成“才”。 We h

19、ad sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands. 我們航行了四天四夜才看到陸地。（4）用于否定句，強調主句所表達的時間少、距離短或花費的精力小，譯成“不到.就”。 We hadnt run a mail before he felt tired. 我們跑了還不到一英里他就累了。（5）主句含有hardly, scarcely等半否定副詞時可以譯為“剛.就”。這時主句用過去完成時，從句用過去時，還可以用when代替before。We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bel

20、l rang. 我們剛到學校鈴聲就響了。（6）表示“寧愿；寧可”，相當于rather than。Id die before I apologized to them. 我寧死也不向他們道歉。（7）before常用于句型：it wasbefore 過了(多長時間)才it will bebefore要用(多長時間)才it wasntbefore 沒過(多長時間)就it wont bebefore 用不了(多長時間)就會1)It was long before he came to help me過了很久他才來幫我。2)It washt long before the fire was put ou

21、t不久火就給撲滅了。3)It will be another five days before we finish this task還要再過五天我們才能完成任務。4)It wont be a long time before someone comes to see you不久就會有人來看你。 You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card.AbeforeBifCwhile Das答案：A 8【教材原句】Music is more than just sound. 音樂決不僅僅是聲音。【句式分

22、析】more than數(shù)詞，“以上；多于”，等同于名詞，“不僅僅；不只；超過；遠不止”over 動詞，“十分；大大地；遠遠地；不僅僅”.can/couldv.“不能”adj./adv.，“非常；十分；更加”By then he was more than fifty.那時他已經(jīng)50多歲了。Peace is much more than the absence of war.和平不僅僅意味著沒有戰(zhàn)爭。學%He more than smiled; he laughed out.他豈止是微笑，他簡直是大笑了。That's more than I can tell you.這一點我是不能告訴你

23、的。He is more than selfish. 他非常自私。拓展：(1)moreadj./n.thanadj./n.與其說倒不如說(2)no more thannum.only 僅僅(3)not more thannum.at most 至多(4)no moreadj./adv.than.和一樣不(5)not moreadj./adv.than. 不如(6)more than one “不止一個”，做主語或修飾主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(1)Lizzie was _ to see her friend off at the airport.Aa little more than sad B

24、more than a little sadCsad more than a little Da little more than sad (2)Tom is very stupid. He failed to pass the exam once again.He is _ than stupid.Alazier Bno lazierCmore lazy Dlazier rather解析：moreadj.than 意為“與其說倒不如說”。答句句意為：“與其說他笨倒不如說他懶。”答案：C四、重點語法突破介詞+關系代詞 引導的定語從句“介詞 + 關系代詞”引導的定語從句是定語從句中較復雜的一種，

25、多用于正式文體中。這類定語從句的關系代詞主要有 which， whom， whose 。它們既可引導限定性定語從句，又可引導非限定性定語從句。同學們在學習這種定語從句時要注意以下幾種情況： 一、注意介詞的選取 “介詞” + “關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，介詞的選取應根據(jù)如下幾點： 1.根據(jù)介詞和定語從句中謂語動詞的習慣搭配。如： Who is the man with whom you just shook hands？ 剛才和你握手的人是誰？ The two things about which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of t

26、he idioms. 馬克思不大有把握的兩個方面是語法和某些習慣用語。 In the dark street there wasn't a single person_ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 解析：答案為 D 。介詞 to 和定語從句中的 turn 構成固定搭配 turn to sb. for help。意為“向某人求助”。 2.根據(jù)定語從句意思的需要，此時不但要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。如：He had a bad cold， because of which he di

27、dn't attend the meeting. 他患了重感冒，因此未能參加會議。The speed at which the car runs depends on the road condition. 這輛車的速度要根據(jù)路面狀況而定。In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.，_ many people have got home. A. whose time B.that C. on which D. by which 解析：答案為 D 。根據(jù)句意“到下午 5 ： 30 時，許多人已經(jīng)到家了”，且定

28、語從句中又用了完成時，故應用介詞 by。 3.根據(jù)意思也可用復雜介詞，如 by means of ，as a result of， in front of， in the back of ，all of ， most of 等。如：The instrument by means of which the temperature is measured is called thermometer. 用來測量溫度的儀器叫溫度計。 There are forty students in the classroom, all of whom are working hard at a problem

29、in mathematics. 教室里有四十個學生，他們都在努力計算一道數(shù)學難題。 二、注意關系代詞的選取 在“介詞 + 關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，如果關系代詞指代事物就用 which; 如果指代人則用 whom; 若表示“的”則用 whose。 如： This is the classroom in which we studied last year. 這就是我們去年學習的教室。 There are sixty students in our class， twenty of whom are girls. 我們班有六十個學生，其中二十個是女生。 He lives in a house，

30、 whose door opens to the north. 他住的房子門是朝北開的。 He paid the boy 10 for washing the windows, most of _ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.A. those B. these C. that D. which The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A . who B. about whom C.whom D.with whom 解析：中關系代詞指代“窗子”，故用 whi

31、ch， 答案為 D ； 中關系代詞指代人，故用 whom，它又和后面的 told 構成固定搭配 tell sb. about sb./sth. ，故答案為 B。三、注意關系代詞的替換1.介詞 in， on， at， for 等與關系代詞 which 一起引導定語從句時，可與相關的關系副詞 when， where， why 等替換。如： America is the country in which George Washington was born. 美國是喬治華盛頓出生的國家。 (in which 用 where 替換 ) I have forgotten the exact date o

32、n which this small country became independent. 我忘了這個國家獨立的確切日期了。 (on which 用 when 替換 ) The reason for which he refused to go to the party was that they had not invited him to. 他拒絕去赴宴的原因是他沒受到他們的邀請。 (for which 用 why 替換 ) 2. “名詞 +of + 關系代詞 ” 引導定語從句時，可與相關的關系副詞“ whose + 名詞”替換。如： I will talk to those stude

33、nts the homework of whom hasn't been done. 我要和沒完成作業(yè)的同學談話。 (the homework of whom 用 whose homework 替換 ) She lives in the house the windows of which face to the east. 她住在一棟窗戶朝東的房子里。 (the windows of which 用 whose windows 替換 ) 四、注意不能拆開的動詞短語并不是所有的動詞短語都能拆開，要注意有些動詞短語不能拆開使用。這樣的動詞短語常用的有： look after， look

34、for， turn in， pay attention to， take care of， depend on， listen to 等。如： The babies (whom)the nurses are looking after are very healthy . 保育員照看的嬰兒都很健康。 Is this the book (which/that)she was looking for ？ 這是她正在找的那本書嗎？ Where is the wallet (which/that)you turned in yesterday？ 你昨天上交的錢包哪去了？ These are the w

35、ords (which/that)you should pay attention to.這些是你應該注意的單詞。 五、注意“介詞 +where ”引導的定語從句 有時我們可以見到“介詞 +where ”引導的定語從句，此時要和“介詞 +which” 引導的定語從句從意思上加以區(qū)別。如： His head soon appeared out of the window， from where he saw nothing but trees. 他的頭很快從窗口露出來，從那兒除了樹木他什么也看不見。 (from where 相當于 from out of the window. 而不是 from

36、 the window) They stood on the top of the building， from where they could see the whole city. 他們站在樓頂上，從那兒能看到整個城市。 (from where 相當于 from the top of the building， 而不是 from the building) 六、介詞+關系代詞除后面加句子引導定語從句外，還可直接跟不定式作定語，相當于一個定語從句。如：He has saved another thousand dollars with which to support his family

37、. =He has saved another thousand dollars with which he could support his family. 他又攢了一千塊錢，用這些錢他可以養(yǎng)活他的家庭。 注：在這種結構中，若把介詞移至句尾，whom和which必須省略。比較： I have found a room in which to put my things. (正) I have found a room which to put my things in. (誤) I have found a room to put my things in. (正)一、用適當?shù)慕樵~關系代詞填空（1）The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.（2）He's the model _ we should learn.（3）This