選修八-重點短語句型

1、Book 8 Unit 1 A land of diversityPart 1課文知識點歸納1. have the disti nctio n of有與眾不同之處2. live on 繼續(xù)存在（生存）3. by mea ns of 用辦法，借助4. in additio n （to） 除之外，加之5. fight aga in st 與作斗爭6. declare war on / upon 對宣戰(zhàn)7. in the early1800s 在 19 世紀初8. in and arou nd內外，以內及周邊9. make a life習慣新的生活、工作方式等10. by the time 到時為止

2、11. of one ' s ow屬于自己的12. keep up 沿襲，保持，堅持13. back to back 背靠背14. team up with 與合作或一起工作15. mark out 劃線， 標出界限16. take in包括洽），吸收（引），理解，了解17. a great / good many 許多18. apply for申請，請求19. con sist of由組成20. be shaped like 形狀像21. draw a distinction betweenand 把.和區(qū)分開來22. be on holiday 在休假23. give one &#

3、39; s love /regards to代向某人問好24. make comme nts / about /on/ upon sth.對發(fā)表評論25. go explori ng 去探險26. be exhausted筋疲力盡的27. a tourist area旅游區(qū)28. take ferry to 渡船到29. feel like doi ng sth喜歡做某事30. have a good view of 把盡收眼底31. rather tha n 而不是32. grasp the opportunity of 抓住 的機會33. a two-way activity一次互動的活動

4、34. the Immigrati on Service 移民局35. due to 由于，因為36. a credit card 信用卡37. further one ' s stu進修，深造38. be respon sible for 對負責39. be con troversy over / about對爭議40. without doubt毫無疑問41. take over 接任，接收42. react to 對作出反應句型：1. However, it is likely that Native America ns were liv ing in Califor nia

5、at least fiftee n thousa nd years ago.然而，可能美洲土著人至少一萬五千年前就生活在加利福尼亞。 It is likely that.句型中的It為形式主語，that引導真正的主語從句。2. It is believed that before long the mix of n ati on alities will be so great that there will be no majorracial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人們相信，過不

6、了多久，國籍間相混的程度將非常大，以至于不再有大的種族和文化團體，而僅僅是一個多種種族和文化的混合體。 It is said / believed / thought / supposed / guessed / reported / hoped / expected / con cluded /announced / arranged that后接主語從句構成常用句型，it為形式主語。（1）.據說多喝純凈水有益健康.(2) .眾所周知，光的傳播速度比聲音快.(3) .據報道一個人在沒有水的條件下可以生存70多個小時.3. ., it was the building of the railw

7、ay from the west to the east coast that_brought even largernumbers to California in the 1860s但是，大批量的移民卻在 19世紀60年代為了修建貫穿美國 東西海岸的鐵路而來加利福尼亞的。 本句為強調結構，即"It is/ was.that.?！?. It didn ' t occur to me thahere would be a big festival on at the same time as my holiday. 我沒想 到在我度假的時候會有一個盛大的慶祝活動。 sth.

8、occur to sb.(主意或想法等突然)浮現在腦中，某人想起It occurs to sb to do sth.某人突然想起做某事It occurs to sb. that.某人突然想起 辨析：occur, happen, take place, break outBook 8 Unit 2 Clo ningPart 1課文知識點歸納1. share - with sb與某人分享2. make a copy of 復制；做一份 的副本3. all the time 始終；一直4. qua ntities of 大量的a qua ntity of5. research on/ into 對進

9、行調查研究6. un dertake a task 承擔任務7. pay offpay backpay forpay dow n償清；得到回報償還;報復支付的費用；付錢購買 付現款；即時支付從被移除 on the other hand8. be removed from9. on the one hand 一方面另一方面10. cast down沮喪；不愉快拓展:cast aside13. have a great impact on 對產生極大影響14. attain one ' s amb實現某人的野心15. forbid sb. to do 禁止做.forbid doingfor

10、bid sb. from doing sth.16. end in failure以失敗告終17. compared with/to 與相比較（常放句首作狀語）18. own sb. sth. 欠某人某物把歸因于某人因某事困擾's IhSart刻骨銘心 用做實驗有時own sth. to sth.19. bother sb. with sth.20. strike into one21. experime nt with22. from time to timecast offcast out23. bring back to life使重生,復活24. in vain徒勞無功；枉費心

11、機25. be based on 基于 26. differ from sb / sth和某人/某物不同differ with sb. on / about / over sth.和某人在某事上意見分歧定；有義cast away11. be appropriate to / for 對 適合12. raise objecti ons 弓 I起反對object to 反對；對表示反感have no objection to不反對; 對無異議句型：1. Then came the disturb ing n ews that Dolly had become seriously ill .接著傳來

12、了多莉病重的壞消息。1) .本句中 news 與 that Dolly had become seriously ill 是同位關系.2) .本句是一個倒裝句，當表示方位、方式、時間的副詞或介詞短語置于句首時倒裝。27. be bound to,句子要完全2. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. 當園藝師從生長的植物上剪下枝條來培植新植物時，克隆就發(fā)生了。 It happenswhen意為 當時這就會發(fā)生”。e.g. The virus of the fl

13、u is spreadi ng quickly. It happe ns whe n there are in fected cases in a crowd. 流感病毒正在迅速傳播。當人群中有感染病例時就會發(fā)生。3. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult toobtain 雖然現在作為克隆研究所需要的人類卵細胞和胚胎很難獲取，不定式跟在表語形容詞后，且形容詞表示主語的特征，此時不定式常主動表被動。4. Diversity in a group mean

14、s having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.種群中的多樣性意為著具有以不同方式排列基因的動物。 with their genes arranged in different ways 是 “with+賓語 + 賓語補足語"結構，在句中作 animal的后置定語。Book 8 Un it 3 Inven tors and inven ti onsPart 1課文知識點歸納1. decide on sth. 決定做 2. call up 給打電話，使人回憶起 拓展：call forcall oncall inc

15、all back3. in the coun tryside在鄉(xiāng)下4. on the teleph one 通過電話 5. nowand the n 偶爾，有時6. get / be rid of 去除 rid -of 除去,擺脫7. distinguish myself by通過 來表現自己8. set about doing 開始做 set out to do 開始做 9. with caution小心謹慎10. bend down彎腰11. in the expectati on that期望12. seize the opportu nity抓住機會13. get recog ni t

16、ion for為取得認可14. the pate nt office 專利局15. in additio n (to) 另外16. fill in / out the form 填表格17. a matter of 的一件事18. i n comfort舒適句型：19. exchange "- with 把換成20. manage to do 努力做 21. in a mess亂成一團22. lead to doi ng導致23. the famous say ing 名言24. beaten track 常規(guī)，慣例25. dive into迅速把收伸入，一心投入26. be wor

17、th doing 值得做 It' worthwhile to do be worthy of doing 27. apply to sb. for sth向 申請 .28. at a time 一次29. be aware of 意識到.30. search for 尋找.31. associate "- with 把和聯系起來32. ha ng on = hold on 不掛斷，緊緊握住33. out of order次序顛倒in order 井然有序，處于正常狀態(tài)34. get through打電話設法聯系上，做完，通過35. ring back 回電話ring off掛

18、斷電話它們好像已經在這安家了。1. They seemed to have made their home here.句型：sb. seem to doIt seems that / as if / as though 2. There only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes?？磥碇挥袣⒍旧叩乃幏哿?。 備注：there seem to be 似乎有，類似的結構還有there happened / appeared / used to be3. Only after you have had that recog niti on can

19、 you say that you are truly an inven tor. only +狀語(短語/從句)置于句首句子需要部分倒裝.4. Nor will you receive a pate nt un til a search has bee n made to find out that your product really isdiffere nt from everyone else直到有研究表明你的產品真的與眾不同，你才能得到專利。 nor含有否定意義的副詞 (never / seldom / hardly / few / little)放句首要倒裝5. It was t

20、his exploring around problems and his dynamic spirit that led to his most famous invention.強調句：It is/ was + 強調內容 + that 6. It was not un til five days later that Bell sent his first teleph one message to his assista nt Wats on. it is / was notun tilt是一個強調句型Book 8 Un it 4 Pygmalio nPart 1課文知識點歸納1. be

21、 gifted in= have a gift for 有 天賦2. be ambitious to do sth.立志做 3. be convinced of sth./ that clause 堅信 4. set sb. a task安排某人一個任務5. pour with rain大雨傾盆6. in all directio ns四面八方7. hide /shelter from rain 避雨8. hesitate to do sth./ hesitate about sth 不想做9. hold up 舉起，使耽擱10. (be) of use to sb. 對有用11. take/

22、make notes 作筆記19. pass sb. off as 冒充成20. make one ' s acquaintance=make the acquaintance of sb. 結識 21. a handful of 一把，少量22. in amazeme nt 震驚23. make a fortu ne 發(fā)財24. gen erally speak ing般說來25. (be) of a / an / the same / differe nt age(s) / shape(s) / size(s) / colour(s) / kin d(s)屬于的26. apart

23、from = besides / except / except for 除外27.i n terms of就來說，從角度28.deep in con versati on深入交談29.fa ncy on eself自命不凡30.the other day幾天前31. once more再次32.in need of需<33.fade out(聲音,畫面)漸淡34.show sb. in領，進來12. take / mistake A for B 把 A 誤當作 Bbe mistake n about把 弄錯13. in disguise 偽裝的14. ha nd over / take

24、 over移交 / 接管15. be classified as 把歸類為16. make a remark on就發(fā)表評論17. betray on eself顯露出原形18. con demn sb. to sth./ to do sth. 使注定做be condemned to death被判死刑句型：1. What if I was?如果我是又怎樣呢? What if + 一般過去時(1)如果他不同意該怎么辦呢？(2)火車要是晚點會怎么樣呢 ？2. They betray themselves every time they open their mouths.但每次一張嘴說話， 他們

25、句原形畢露。 every time +從句，名詞詞組連詞化3. Once taught by me, she' d become an upper class lady. when, while, before, until, if, unless, once, though + V-ing / v-ed,是狀語從句的省略4. While watching , he makes notes.他一邊觀察，一邊做筆記.現在分詞作伴隨狀語Book 8 Un it 5 Meeti ng your an cestorsPart 1課文知識點歸納1. have no alter native bu

26、t to do除之外別無選擇2. show around 領某人參觀3. regardless of/ in spite of 不管;不顧4. scare away 把 嚇跑5. keep out 阻止進入6. assume sth 假定assume sb. to be認為某人是 assume that + 從句7. cut up 切碎；剪碎；摧毀；粉碎cut away (from sth.)(從某物上)切除、割掉、砍掉、剪去cut dow n（從根基部分）砍倒；縮減；減少cut in （on sth.） 打斷（談話）；插嘴cut off中斷（通話）；切斷-的來、去路；隔絕8. the fre

27、ez ing win ter寒冷的冬天9. remove from 從 -除去10. an ample amount of. . . . .、r .、八i-大量11. look ahead冋刖看；為將米打算go ahead 先走；催促；表示許可12. keep warm保持溫暖13. preserve sb./ sth.(from sth.) 保護14. applaud sb./ sth.(for sth.)(因某事)贊賞某人、某事15. arrest sb. for sth因某事逮捕、拘留某人16. as well as 還有；也17. to one ' s relie令某人慶幸的是relieve sb. of sth解除某人的(負擔、責任等)18. divide sth. betwee n/among sb.在某人中分配某物divide - - nito/by分成滁19. at most 最多20. care about 關心21. be of sig ni fica nee有意義22. have affect ion for喜愛23. lie in wait (for