形式否定意義肯定的表達(dá)形式

1、形式否定 ，意義肯定的一些表達(dá)形式              湖北老河口市高級(jí)中學(xué)     倪安莉   （441800）   英語表達(dá)中，有些表面上看起來時(shí)否定形式，但表達(dá)的是肯定的意義，很多同學(xué)對(duì)此種表達(dá)形式的理解具有一定的難度，而且它是高考命題熱點(diǎn)考查之一，不可忽視。現(xiàn)將?？季湫捅磉_(dá)歸納如下：1.含有“can/could +否定詞+be+too+adj/adv”或“ can/could+否定詞+enough/to

2、o much”的句子，表達(dá)為“無論怎么.也不過分；越.越好”。   例1：- I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down.           - You can never be _ careful in the street. (2003 北京卷)        

3、0;                        A.   much      B. very      C. so      D. too       解析

4、：考查“can/could +否定詞+be+too+adj/adv”句型，根據(jù)題意，答語為“你在馬路上越小心越好”。     例2：-Must I turn off the gas after cooking?            - Of course. You can never be_ careful with that. (2005江西卷)         

5、        A.   enough     B. too     C. so     D. very       解析; never be too careful with.“無論怎樣小心也不過分”。     2. 含有“no sooner.than”或“hardly/scarelywhen”的

6、句子，此類句子通常譯為“一就”，表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。       例1： I had hardly got to the office_ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.（2012大綱卷）                A. when         B.

7、60; than        C. until      D. after       解析：考查“hardly.when”句型。“一.就”。       例2： -Does Linda see the traffic accident?          

8、    - No, no sooner_ than it happened. （2006天津卷）                 A. had she gone    B. she had gone   C. has she gone    D. she has gone     

9、;  解析：對(duì)句型“no sooner.than”的考查。 No sooner放置句首時(shí)要借助于had進(jìn)行部分倒裝。  3.“ 否定詞+比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)，常見句型“ have never+過去分詞+比較級(jí)”或“cant/couldnt+比較級(jí)”，意為“沒有比.更.”；該句型可從反面理解為“最.”的概念。       例1： Mr Stevenson is great to work for-I really couldnt ask for a _ boss.（2011全國(guó)卷）   &

10、#160;              A. better     B. good    C. best     D. still better       解析：“cant/couldnt.+比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)含義。根據(jù)句子意思可知，“我再也找不到一個(gè)比他還好的老板了。”表示在我看來他是最好的。&#

11、160;        例2：Mr Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been_.（2010全國(guó)卷II）         A. popular      B. more popular    C. most popular    D

12、. the most popular       解析：句意“Black先生非常高興，因?yàn)樗墓S生產(chǎn)的衣服從未如此受歡迎?！贝颂幈容^級(jí)與否定詞連用表示最高級(jí)。4. 含有“否定詞（no/not/nothing/never）+動(dòng)詞+比較級(jí)”，表示“再?zèng)]有.比更.”，從反面來表示“最肯定”的意思。   例1：You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you dont.       &#

13、160;     _, confidence is really important. （2012天津卷）                A.  Its not my cup of tea.         B. Thats not the point.     

14、60;          C. I dont think so                 D. I couldnt agree more.         解析：否定詞與比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)。I couldnt agree more. “我再同意不過了”。 例2：

15、-How was your recent trip to Sichuan? -Ive never had_ one before. （2011四川卷）A. a pleasant B. a more pleasant C. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant解析：否定詞加比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)的概念。句意“你的四川之行怎么樣？ 再好不過了?！?例2：Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I havent seen_ this year.（2005浙江卷）     &

16、#160;     A. the best       B. better       C. the most     D. more   解析：句子I havent seen better this year等同于I have seen the best this year。這是我今年看到最優(yōu)秀的。5. 含有“cant help doing sth/ cant help bu

17、t to do sth”結(jié)構(gòu)。前者表示“情不自禁（忍不住）做某事”，后者表示“不得不，只能做某事”的意思。如：   1. It was awful, but I couldnt help laughing. 真是糟糕，我還是忍不住大笑起來。   2. He cant help but to admit that he was wrong. 他只好承認(rèn)自己是錯(cuò)了。6. 含有“.have no choice but to do sth或theres no help for it but to do sth”句型結(jié)構(gòu)。表示“除了做某事之外別無選擇，只能這樣”。

18、如：If you catch them stealing again, therell be no help for it but to call the police. 如果再抓住他們偷東西，那就別無選擇只好叫警察了。   例2：If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but_ an even greater challenge. （2012陜西卷）             A. meets

19、60;     B. meeting     C. meet     D. to meet    解析：have no choice but to do sth “除了做某事別無選擇；只能這樣”。7. 含有“can/couldnt wait to do或 can/could hardly wait to do sth”句型，表示“迫不及待做某事”，常用于口語體中。如：     Tom couldnt wait to

20、get home after such a long and tiring journey. 經(jīng)過這次漫長(zhǎng)而又疲憊的旅行，Tom迫不及待地想回到家里。    We can hardly wait to see them! 我們迫不及待地想要見到他們。8. 含有“not.until”的句型，表示“直到.才”，具有肯定的意義。有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語，通常采取以下兩種形式：（1）對(duì)until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，用“It is/was + not until +時(shí)間狀語從句+that+其他成分”。（2）not until放置句首，句子進(jìn)行部分倒裝，即“Not until +

21、時(shí)間狀語從句+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語+謂語動(dòng)詞原形+其他”。 例1： Not until he retired from teaching three years ago_ having a holiday abroad. （2012遼寧卷）      A. he had considered    B. had he considered    C. he considered   D. did he consider解析：not until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句放置句首，句子進(jìn)行部分倒裝，由從句謂語動(dòng)詞 retired可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去式，應(yīng)借助于did進(jìn)行部分倒裝。        例2. It was not until I came here_ I realize