初一英語校本課程

1、姚村中學(xué)初一英語組校本課程教研盡管新教材在小學(xué)就設(shè)置了英語課，但是由于主客觀因素的共同影響，使得升入初中的學(xué)生水平參差不齊。因此，初一英語教師的責(zé)任重于泰山，我們肩負(fù)著給學(xué)生打基礎(chǔ)的重任，而且由于英語課程的特殊性，我們必須兼顧學(xué)生的聽、說、讀、寫能力共同發(fā)展。1實施目的 中學(xué)階段，英語學(xué)科作為考試科目，有著不可替代的重要地位。它作為一門語言學(xué)科，有著自身的一些特點，如要求學(xué)生掌握一定的英語基礎(chǔ)知識之外，必須具備一定的聽、說、讀、寫技能，形成一定的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力。現(xiàn)行的新目標(biāo)初中英語教材中的Integrated skills 就是將聽、說、讀、寫糅合在一起的綜合操練課。但I(xiàn)ntegrated

2、skills 只有1課時，時間非常緊迫，學(xué)生達(dá)不到充分操練的目的，特別對各班的學(xué)生來講，久而久之，在聽、說、讀、寫方面將呈現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重訓(xùn)練不足的結(jié)果。基于此，建議在本校初一年級實驗班及時開設(shè)英語校本課程，以滿足各班學(xué)生得以充分操練，全面提高閱讀能力的目的。2. 背景分析 （1）本屆初一各班新生來源以農(nóng)民子弟為主，他們小學(xué)大多數(shù)在農(nóng)村小學(xué)就讀。農(nóng)民子弟生在農(nóng)村、長在農(nóng)村，由于地域的文化局限、家長文化水平的局限、教育條件的局限，他們呈現(xiàn)知識少，能力弱等特點。在本次初一新生摸底測驗中，初一（二）、（三）班的均分只達(dá)六十多分，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于語數(shù)兩門的均分。（3）新課標(biāo)的能力要求。英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實驗稿）（以下簡稱

3、課標(biāo)）指出：“從三年級開設(shè)英語的學(xué)校，3、4年級應(yīng)完成一級目標(biāo)，5、6年級完成二級目標(biāo)；7-9年級分別完成三、四、五級目標(biāo)；高中階段完成六、七、八級目標(biāo)。”據(jù)此，初一學(xué)生應(yīng)完成三級目標(biāo)。三級目標(biāo)要求學(xué)生在閱讀能力上達(dá)到五點：1. 能正確地朗讀課文。2. 能理解簡短的書面指令，并根據(jù)要求進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)活動。3. 能讀懂簡短故事和短文并抓住大意。4. 能初步使用簡單的工具書。5. 除教材外，在能具體明確、文從字順地表達(dá)自己的意思，能課外閱讀量因累計達(dá)到4萬詞以上。3. 實施過程（1）實施教材：由于新目標(biāo)英語教材的局限性，備課組決定在初一實驗班開設(shè)以閱讀課為主的校本課程。經(jīng)過集體精心挑選，確定使用上海外語

4、教育出版社的英語快速閱讀第一冊為閱讀課教材。（2）教材內(nèi)容：英語快速閱讀是一套從美國最大的教育出版集團(tuán)之一 麥格勞希爾出版公司引進(jìn)的課外閱讀教材。書中的閱讀文章內(nèi)容涉及天文地理、歷史經(jīng)濟(jì)、數(shù)學(xué)生物等數(shù)十個學(xué)科，集知識、趣味性于一體，能保證學(xué)生對不同學(xué)科的興趣。每篇閱讀文章中較難詞匯及其解釋以及部分專有名詞在前面幾頁列了出來，文章的后面都配有精心設(shè)計的閱讀理解練習(xí)，供學(xué)習(xí)者及時檢查閱讀效果。文章語言純正地道，練習(xí)設(shè)計科學(xué)合理，不僅能提高學(xué)生的閱讀能力，更能幫助學(xué)生開闊視野，擴(kuò)大知識面。書中所有的閱讀文章都圍繞兩個基本概念展開：第一，變化是生活的一部分。第二，某些變化比其他變化發(fā)生的快。每一部分都

5、包含36篇短文和兩篇較長的文章。每篇短文后都設(shè)計了7個題目，題型有選擇和填空。兩篇較長的文章是用來“just for fun”后面沒有練習(xí)。一般每篇文章的詞匯在35個，最多也沒有超過10個。全冊書共列出生詞共280個左右，每個詞匯都使用英文注解，這是與其它閱讀教材最大的不同之處。新目標(biāo)初一英語教材的詞匯量只有500個左右，如果學(xué)完英語快速閱讀第一冊，對于學(xué)生的詞匯量是一個很大的補(bǔ)充。4. 實施意義（1） 符合新課標(biāo)精神。新課標(biāo)指出：“英語課程要力求合理利用和積極開發(fā)課程資源，給學(xué)生提供貼近學(xué)生實際、貼近生活、貼近時代的內(nèi)容健康和豐富的課程資源，要積極利用音像、電視、書刊雜志、網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息等豐富的教

6、學(xué)資源，拓展學(xué)習(xí)運(yùn)用英語的渠道。 ” （2） 有利于學(xué)生的發(fā)展?！皩W(xué)生的發(fā)展是英語課程的出發(fā)點和歸宿。英語課程在目標(biāo)設(shè)定、教學(xué)過程、課程評價和教學(xué)資源的開發(fā)等方面都突出以學(xué)生為主體的思想。 ”（新課標(biāo)）學(xué)生的發(fā)展是學(xué)生自我實現(xiàn)的需要,將大大有于學(xué)生英語綜合技能的發(fā)展，同時有助于提高學(xué)生的英語成績。我組逐周進(jìn)行如下訓(xùn)練：第一周：聽力實踐課 目的：通過聽英語對話，提高學(xué)生的聽力水平。 以下為聽力的內(nèi)容的簡要概述1 、 根據(jù)學(xué)生要求，讓他們聽一些他們感興趣的日常生活對話。 2 、 聽對話之前，給出這篇對話的 keywords ，并給出一些重要的表達(dá)方式。 3 、 聽完一遍后，讓學(xué)生用英語復(fù)述出他們各

7、自聽懂了的內(nèi)容。 4 、 再將對話完整地播放一次，然后將一些對對話的理解有影響的句子以及生活中常用的單詞、短語、句子進(jìn)行反復(fù)播放，使學(xué)生能有深刻印象并能記住。 第二周：聽力理解課 目的：將聽力技巧付諸于實踐，通過聽磁帶，回答問題。以下是聽力技巧的簡要概述 1 、給學(xué)生講解在聽力考試中的一些聽力技巧。 1 ） 首先應(yīng)將所要聽的內(nèi)容瀏覽一遍，做到對所聽內(nèi)容心中有數(shù)。 2 ） 在聽到自己沒聽懂的語言點時，不要急，也不要繼續(xù)將注意力停留在那里，應(yīng)將注意力集中到下一個要聽的目標(biāo)。 3 ） 在聽一篇短文時，不要只注重某一個語言點，應(yīng)側(cè)重于對全篇短文的理解。 2 、 分發(fā)材料，讓學(xué)生先瀏覽題目。 3 、 播

8、放磁帶，聽完后訂正答案。接著讓學(xué)生自己講解剛聽時是怎樣將我們所學(xué)的技巧應(yīng)用進(jìn)的，有沒有一定的幫助。 4 、 老師根據(jù)材料，具體講解在聽力中所遇到的問題，讓學(xué)生有更深層次的理解。 5 、 布置課后作業(yè)，讓學(xué)生自己找聽力材料，然后根據(jù)所學(xué)技巧進(jìn)行實踐。 聽力訓(xùn)練試題 一I、聽句子選擇與圖示意思相符的選項，聽一遍。(每小題各1分，計5分)(   )1.                 A   

9、                  B                C    (   )2.           &#

10、160;  A                      B              C    (   )3.       &#

11、160;     A                    B                  C    (   )4.   &

12、#160;          A                  B                   C    ( 

13、0; )5.                  A                 B               &#

14、160;  C    II、情景反應(yīng) 根據(jù)錄音選擇正確的應(yīng)答語，聽一遍。(每小題1分，計5分)(   )1. A. Its great.             B. Its boring.          C. Its cloudy.(   )2. A. Shes writing. &

15、#160;        B. Shes a nurse        C. Shes fine.(   )3. A. He lives in Tokyo.       B. He comes from Paris.  C. Im from Toronto.(   )4. A. I like them very much.  &

16、#160; B. Theyre clever.      C. Theyre dangerous.(   )5. A. Im a waiter.            B. Im happy.          C. I do my homework.III、對話理解 根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容及問題選擇正確的答案，聽兩遍。(每小題1分，計6

17、分)(   )1.            A                  B                  C 

18、;        (   )2. A. Playing basketball.       B. Cleaning the classroom.   C. Doing homework.(   )3. A. In the police station.     B. In the TV station.      &#

19、160;C. In the bank.(   )4. A. Windy.              B. Cloudy.          C. Sunny.(   )5.           A   

20、0;                B                    C         IV、短文理解 根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容選擇正確的答案，聽兩遍。(每小題各2分，計14分)Passage A(&#

21、160;  )1. Today is _.    A. Saturday morning         B. Sunday morning    C. Sunday afternoon(   )2. There are many people from _.    A. England and Canada    B. America and Japan 

22、   C. Canada and Australia(   )3. The driver(司機(jī)) is _.    A. an American        B. a Chinese             C. a man(   )4. People _ in the bus.  &#

23、160;  A. are talking to each other(相互)        B. are visiting the Great Wall(長城)     C. are listening to a manPassage B(   )5. Whose(誰的) family photo is this?     A. Lindas.      &

24、#160;  B. Mikes.           C. Gina and Lindas.(   )6. Which is the right order(正確順序) pictures?                    A.  1, 4, 2  

25、60;        B.  2, 1, 4          C.  3, 4, 1(   )7. Who is the letter for?         A. Gina.           

26、;  B. Mike.           C. Linda.二A、Listen and choose what you hear. ( )1、A、raining B、watching C、playing ( )2、A、Toronto B、Moscow C、Cairo ( )3、A、weather B、windy C、wearing ( )4、A、Im thing B、Im drinking C、Im looking ( )5、A between B、behind C、before B

27、、Listen and choose the answers.(聽錄音，將答案填在橫線上)5分 C、聽對話，回答問題。10分 ( )1、What day is it today ? A、Friday B、Saturday C、Sunday ( )2、Where is the pay phone ? A 、Its next to the library B、Its next to the Supermarket . C、Its across from the Supermarket. ( )3、Whats Jim doing? A、read B、Hes watching TV. C、Hes pl

28、aying computer game. ( )4、What does Bill want to be in the future ? A、teacher B、An actor C、A driver ( )5、Where are they talking ? A、In the library B、on the street C、across from the school . D、Listen and choose . ( )1、What does John do ? A、He is a teacher B、Hes a cook. C、He is a worker. ( )2、What doe

29、s he speak? A、Chinese B、English C、A and B ( )3、How does he think about his work ? A、Its exciting B、Its interesting. C、Its delicious. ( )4、Does he like people to eat his food? A、Yes, he does B、No, he doesnt C 、Sorry ,we dont know. ( )5、How so you think about his food? A、Its delicious . B、Its interest

30、ing C、Its cold. 第三周：閱讀理解課 目的：通過閱讀教材，進(jìn)行閱讀訓(xùn)練，并完成閱讀 10 篇。 實施方案:A備課組在每次閱讀課前進(jìn)行集體備課，集中商討閱讀課文中呈現(xiàn)的生詞、句型、語法、難句、文化背景等，并以書面形式紀(jì)錄下來。B閱讀課每三周開設(shè)一次，由本班級英語教師負(fù)責(zé)講授。每次閱讀課安排兩節(jié)課時即90分鐘，完成閱讀課文4-6篇。整冊書共76篇文章，預(yù)計全部完成需要30節(jié)課時。C閱讀課之前要求學(xué)生先預(yù)習(xí)詞匯，閱讀課的形式以讀寫為主。其中教師也可以穿插一些聽說活動，如教唱英文歌曲、觀看英文版動畫片、英語演講表演等。這些都可以激發(fā)初一學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的濃厚興趣。D及時評價校本課程實施效果。

31、每學(xué)期通過閱讀競賽等活動檢測學(xué)生閱讀水平，評選閱讀能手，并建立學(xué)生閱讀能力檔案庫，對其進(jìn)行三年跟蹤追擊。通過這種效果反饋對校本課程作及時調(diào)整。（2）英語學(xué)習(xí)離不開閱讀，在中考比分中，閱讀已占45。能善于運(yùn)用已學(xué)的知識迅速、高效地做好閱讀理解這一題型的學(xué)生極少，考卷中失分最多的也是這一題型。經(jīng)過分析，學(xué)生的錯誤類型主要分為以下幾種：A. 學(xué)生因詞匯量儲存不夠而不能理解整篇文章。B. 學(xué)生能基本讀懂文章，但因語法知識的欠缺在一些諸如時態(tài)、時間的先后順序等關(guān)鍵處判斷出錯。C. 學(xué)生有能力通讀全文，但因中西方文化的差異造成理解錯。D. 學(xué)生閱讀速度太慢，往往因時間不夠造成心急亂答題。以下為閱讀材料的內(nèi)

32、容1 、 有意識地對學(xué)生進(jìn)行專門的快速閱讀訓(xùn)練。訓(xùn)練前教給學(xué)生略讀和瀏覽的技巧。略讀就是將視線停留在表面來得到一個大意，不要求注意每個細(xì)節(jié)；瀏覽就是找尋相關(guān)信息，不要求閱讀每字每句。 2 、 要求學(xué)生放棄逐字逐句的閱讀習(xí)慣，集中注意力抓住整篇文章的大意，不再糾纏個別詞語或句子，進(jìn)行整體閱讀訓(xùn)練。 3 、 再教給學(xué)生一些猜生詞的方法：定義猜詞法，反義猜詞法，同義猜詞法，構(gòu)詞猜詞法。 4 、 最后讓學(xué)生根據(jù)所學(xué)的方法去完成閱讀 10 篇。 （1）The day was like any other day in his life, Tom walked past the shop on the s

33、treet comer. He stopped to look at the front row of shoes, and he felt happy to see that the pair of shoes he wanted very much were still there. Looking down, he felt sorry for himself. He really wanted to have them for his birthday.He sadly walked away and thought how to tell his mother about it. H

34、e knew she would give him anything he liked if she could. But he also knew very well she had little money. He decided not to go home at once, as he looked worried and his mother would notice (注意) it. So he went to the park and sat on the grass. Then he saw a boy in a wheel chair (輪椅) . He noticed th

35、at the boy moved the wheel with his hands. Tom looked at him carefully and was surprised to see the boy have no feet. He looked at his own feet. “It's much better to be without shoes than without feet, ” he thought. There was no reason (理由) for him to feel so sorry and sad. He sent away and smil

36、ed, thinking he was happier.1Tom passed the shop_.Aon footBby busCby bikeDin a car2Why did Tom stop in front of the shop? Because he wanted_. Ato buy the shoesBto look at the shoes he likedCto look at the shoes in the shop windowDto look at the shoes on the front row3The pair of shoes he liked was _

37、. Atoo expensiveBquite cheapCnot thereDnot sold yet4Tom went into the park because he_. Awas thinking how to tell his mother about itBwanted to see the boyCdidn't want to make his mother worriedDhe felt sad5From the story we can know that Tom_. Aliked new shoes very muchBloved his mother bestCdi

38、dn't want to go to schoolDdidn't want to stay at home（2）People sometimes like to read stories of dogs very much. They think that dogs are much cleverer than cats, sheep, cows or other animals in their homes.One of my close friends, Bob, has a very large police dog named Jack. Every Sunday af

39、ternoon, Bob and Jack have a walk in the park nearby. Jack likes these walks very much. One Sunday afternoon, I paid a visit to my friend. I stayed there for a long time and my friend and I had much more talk with each other than ever before. Soon it was time for them to take a walk in the park. We

40、forgot that. Jack became worried about it. He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of me and looked at me. But I still paid no attention (注意) to him. I went on talking with my friend. At last, Jack could not wait any longer. He went out of the room and came back a few minu

41、tes later. He sat down in front of me again. But this time, he held my hat in his mouth. Suddenly, I understood what Jack meant and so did my friend.1How many people are there in this story?_. AOneBTwoCThreeDFour2Jack_. Ais a close friend of mineBenjoys long walks in the park every Sunday afternoonC

42、has many close friendsDenjoys talks in the room3Jack was worried because_. Ahe wanted to eat somethingBit was Sunday afternoon againChe was not feeling wellDhe wanted his master (主人) to take him for a walk4Jack took my hat in his mouth to show that_. AI should leave the house at onceBhe liked my hat

43、 very muchChe was hungry and he tried to eat itDhe wanted to have a rest5Which of the following is true?_. AWhen Jack and I were talking, my friend didn't pay any attention to usBWhen I was talking to my friend, Jack didn't pay any attention to usCWhen my friend and I were talking, we didn&#

44、39;t pay any attention to JackDWhen my friend was talking to Jack, I paid attention to them（3）Peter was a small boy. He lived with his parents in a small house near some hills. The people there were all poor.One night it was very dry and windy.When everybody was asleep, Peter suddenly heard some noi

45、se. It came out from the kitchen (廚房). He got up and walked to the kitchen. He found that the wood beside the stove (火爐) was burning . There was no water tap (水龍頭) in the house , so he could not put out (撲滅) the fire . He shouted loudly to wake up everyone in the house. Then he ran out of his house

46、and knocked on the doors of many houses to wake the people up. They all left their houses quickly.At last the fire was put out by the firemen. Many houses were burnt. But nobody was burnt in the fire.1Peter lived with his_. AsistersBbrothersCunclesDparents2One night he found that_ beside the stove w

47、as burning. Athe tableBthe woodCthe doorDthe window3_, so he could not put out the fire. AEverybody was asleepBHe couldn't shout loudlyCThe kitchen was very bigDthere was no water tap in the house4Peter knocked on the doors of many houses_. Ato wake the people upBto get some waterCto find his cl

48、assmatesDto visit them5_hurt in the fire. APeople in other houses wereBPeter's parents wereCNobody wasDPeter was（4）“You're just in time, Joe. We're going to play cowboys（牛仔） and Indians, and you can be the Indians. ” One of my cousins（堂兄弟）said.“How many Indians?” I asked.“Oh, about a tho

49、usand. ” He answered, and before I could say no，I was pushed out into the night and became a thousand Indians. Two minutes later I was running in the fields with a group of cowboys behind. The shouts of “After them. Let's catch the killers!” and other such TV play language came into my ears as I

50、 ran round a corner and hurried into my Grandpa's car“We've got him, boys. Let's go and catch him!”But no one wanted to come to get me. All of my cousins except one were always very friendly with. It was quiet outside. And I went out of the car to have a look.Just then I heard a shout ,

51、“Bring the rope（繩子）, and we can burn him. ”“Only Indians burn people. Cowboys.” I stopped just in time. I had almost said, “Cowboys hang（絞死）people. ”I was tied to a tree, and the cowboys were looking for some wood when my dear mother called, “We're leaving now. ”“Untie me.” I shouted. ”We're

52、 going.“Why did Bobby want matches（火柴）?” Mum asked when we were in the car. “He was asking Dad whether he had any. ”“oh, he was just going t matches? MATCHES? Are you sure he wanted matches”Mother was quite sure, and I didn't say any more.1How many children played the Indians? AOne thousandBOne

53、hundredCOne groupDOne2Why did Joe's cousin say that Joe was just in time? Because_. Athere were not enough children four the gameBthe game was just going to startCnone of his cousins wanted to be the IndiansDthey were waiting for Joe3Joe didn't say “Cowbays hang people.” Because_. Ahe was ti

54、ed to a treeBthat would make things worseChe was caught by the cowboysDthat would make the cowboys angry4Which of the following is TRUE? AOne of Joe's cousins was looking for matches.BDad didn't want to give the children any matches.CBobby wanted to get some matches from his father.DMum didn

55、't think children should play with matches.5The name of the story should he“_.” AJoe and his cousinsBWho knows what danger is waiting thereCCowboys and Indians is a favourite children's gameDHow cowboys and Indians fought in the past（5）A very new, young officer was at a station. He was on hi

56、s way to visit his mother in another town, and he wanted to telephone her to tell her the time of this train , so that she could meet him at the station in her carHe look in all his pockets, but round that he did not have the right money for the telephone, so he went outside and looked around for so

57、meone to help him.At last an old soldier came by, and the young officer stopped him and said, “Have you got change（零錢） for ten pence（便士）?”“Wait a moment, ” the old soldier answered. He began to put his hand in his pock- et, “I'll see whether I can help you. ”“Don't you know how to speak to a

58、n officer?” the young man said angrily. “Now let's start again. Have you got change for ten pence? ”“No, sir,” the old soldier answered quickly.1The young officer and his mother lived_. Ain the same townBin different placesCin another townDin the other town2The young officer Wanted to telephone

59、his mother to tell her_. Athat he was going to visit herBwhere his train would leave forCwhat time his train would arrive at the stationDthat he was then at the station3He looked around for help because he_. Ahad no money to make the phone callBdid not know where to make the phone callCneeded some c

60、hange for the phone callDwanted to get change from the old soldier4The young officer was angry because he thought the old soldier_. Awas polite to himBwas not polite to himCdidn't know how to speak to himDdidn't like to help him at all5Which of the following is not true? ABoth the young offi

61、cer and the old soldier were angry.BThe young officer wanted his mother to meet him at the station.CHe wanted the old soldier to speak to him in a polite way.DHe didn't know the soldier before.（6）The day was like any other day in his life, Tom

62、60;walked past the shop on the street comer. He stopped to look at the front row of shoes, and he felt happy to see that the pair of shoes he wanted&#

63、160;very much were still there. Looking down, he felt sorry for himself. He really wanted to have them for his birthday. He sadly walked away and thought how to 

64、;tell his mother about it. He knew she would give him anything he liked if she could. But he also knew very well she had little money. He decided not 

65、to go home at once, as he looked worried and his mother would notice (注意) it. So he went to the park and sat on the grass. Then he saw a boy 

66、;in a wheel chair (輪椅) . He noticed that the boy moved the wheel with his hands. Tom looked at him carefully and was surprised to see the boy have no&

67、#160;feet. He looked at his own feet. “Its much better to be without shoes than without feet, ” he thought. There was no reason (理由) for him to feel so

68、0;sorry and sad. He sent away and smiled, thinking he was happier. 1Tom passed the shop_. Aon foot Bby bus Cby bike  Din a car 2Why did Tom stop in front of the 

69、;shop? Because he wanted_.   Ato buy the shoes Bto look at the shoes he liked Cto look at the shoes in the shop window Dto look at the shoes on the front row 3The pair of shoes he liked was _.   Atoo expensive Bquite cheap Cnot there Dnot sold yet 4Tom went into the park&#