高考英語書面表達(dá)常用句型

1、書面表達(dá)常用句型書面表達(dá)常用句型書面表達(dá)常用句型書面表達(dá)常用句型v一系表結(jié)構(gòu)七感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)v二主謂結(jié)構(gòu)八.疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)v三主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)九否定式結(jié)構(gòu)v四 雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu) 十.并列句結(jié)構(gòu)v五 復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu) 十一.復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu)v六祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)十二.強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu) 一系表結(jié)構(gòu) 主語主語+系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+表語表語Notes 1. 常用的系動(dòng)詞有: 1). 靜態(tài)(表性質(zhì)、特征、狀態(tài))： be seem remain appear 2). 動(dòng)態(tài)(表變化): become go turn get grow 3). 感官(表示感覺): look sound taste feel smell2. 可以用做表語的有:1)名詞2)名詞性

2、物主代詞3)不定代詞4)人稱代詞5)形容詞6)數(shù)詞7)副詞8)動(dòng)詞不定式(短語)9)動(dòng)名詞(短語)10)現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)11)過去分詞(短語)12)介詞短語13)從句ve.g.v1) Smith was the boss of a garage.2) Is this pen yours?3) This is something you should always v keep in mind.4) It is she who is singing next door.5) All the walls are white6) My son will be fourteen next year.7

3、) Class is over.8) His wish is to become a scientist.9) Her favorite sport in summer is swimming.10) The news was exciting.11) They were not discouraged.12) We are all against the proposal.13) He is no longer what he used to be.v3.常用句型:v1) It + be + n. + to do 2) It + be + adj. + to do 3) It + be +

4、n. + for / of sb. + to do 4) It + be + n. + doing 5) It + be + adj. + doing 6) It + be + n. + clause 7) It + be + adj. + clause 8) There + be + S.ve.g. v1) It is a pity to hear that.2) It is not easy to master a foreign language.3) It is a big mistake for her to have bought v the clothes.4) It was h

5、ard for him to support such a big v family.5) It is no use going there today. 6) Its useless keeping books without reading them. 7) Its a pity that she is out. 8) It is true that he has passed the examination. 9) She looks happy today.10) The little girl felt shy.11) Its getting dark.12) There will

6、be a new play at the theatre tomorrow. vNotes:v1.謂語動(dòng)詞之后有時(shí)可以不帶任何成v分。v2.狀語可以是名詞、副詞、介詞短語、v不定式短語、分詞短語、從句等。 3常見句型： 1) S. + vi. 2) S. + vi. + n. 3) S. + vi. + adv. 4) S. + vi. + prep. ph. 5) S. + vi. + to dov6) S. + vi. + doingv7) S. + vi. + for sb./sth. to do sth.v8) It + seem / appear + adj. / n. + to d

7、o happen v9) It + seem + clause appear 10) There + vi. + S. ve.g. 1) The sun has risen.2) They worked day and night.3) They all went out.4) She came into the library.5) He got up early to catch the first bus.6) She stood smiling at me.7) It seemed impossible to solve the problem. 8) She waited for h

8、er husband to come back.n 9) It happened that they were out when wen called on them that evening.n10) It seems that the boy has realized then importance of learning a foreignn language.n11) Long, long ago there lived a king.三主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) 主語主語+（及物動(dòng)詞）謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）謂語+賓語賓語Notes: 1. vi.+ prep.= vt. 2. 可以做賓語的有：名詞，代詞，

9、 數(shù)詞，動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞， 從句等.常見句型：1) S.+ vt. + n.2) S.+ vt. + pron.3) S.+ vt. + num.4) S.+ vt. + adv. + n. / pron.5) S.+ vt. + to do6) S.+ vt. + whether / wh + to do三主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) 7) S.+ vt. + doing 8) S.+ vt. + object clause 9) S.+ vt. + object + prep. ph.10) S.+ vt. + it + prep. ph. + that clause11) S.+ vt. + objec

10、t + to do12) It+ vt. + object + to do13) S.+ vt. + it + adj. / n. ( + for sb.) + to doe.g. 1) She is watering the flowers. 2) He loves her very much. 3) Who are you going to take these three? 4) She couldnt keep back her tears. =She couldnt keep her tears back. 5) She decided to give it up.6) He tri

11、ed to do a good deed each day.7) She hardly knows how to write a composition.8) I wondered whether to stay or to leave.9) I remember seeing her somewhere before.10) I hear (that) she has come back.11) I agree to what he has said. 12) He didnt know whose side he should take. 13) We spend a lot of mon

12、ey on books. 14) He explained it to his students that he was ill that day. 15) He entered the room to look for his pencil-box. 16) It took more than ten years to build the houses. 17) I think it necessary (for him) to learn a foreign language. Notes:1.不是所有的及物動(dòng)詞之后都可由雙賓語。可用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有以下三類：1). give tell t

13、each write bring lend hand show send offer pay pass allow 2) buy do get fetch save make sing choose 3) ask answer2. 1）= vt. + D.O. + to + I.O. 2）= vt. + D.O. + for + I.O. 3）vt. + D.O.1 + D.O.23常用句型常用句型： 1) S. + vt. + D.O. +I.O. 2) S. + vt. + D.O. + to / for + I.O. 3) S. + vt. + I.O. + clause 4) It t

14、ake + O. ( n. / pron.) + n. /pron. + to do 5) Sth. + cost + sb. + n. e.g. 1) He gave me some beautiful pictures. 2) He handed the purse to the teacher. 3) Would you fetch some water for the children?v4) She told the students (that) the oldv man was her father.v5) Well show you whose order it is.v6)

15、It took him quite some time to findv the elephant at all.v7) The new bike cost him 300 yuan.vNotes:v1復(fù)合賓語是指“賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”。v賓語和其補(bǔ)足語之間存在著邏輯上的v主謂關(guān)系。v2可作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有：名詞，形容詞，v副詞，介詞短語，動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)，現(xiàn)在v分詞，過去分詞。3常見句型： 1) S. + vt. + n. / pron. + n. pain get beat find 2) S. + vt. drive + n. / pron. + adj. wish prove leave mak

16、e v feelv hearv listen to v make let 7) S. + vt. see + object + do look at watch notice observe 8) S. + vt. + object + doing feel find 3) S.+ vt. make +it + n./adj. + for/of sb. to do /doing v think v consider 4) S. + vt. + adj. / n. + that clause n. 5) S. + vt. + pron. + to be + adj./n. clause 6) S

17、. + vt. + object + to do 9) S. + vt. + object + done10) S. + vt. + object + W + to do 11) S. + vt. + object + adv.12) S. + vt. + sb. / ones + doing 13) S. + vt. + object + prep. ph. e.g. 1) We elected him monitor of our class. 2) The boy kicked the door open. 3) I think it foolish of him to believe

18、her. 4) We thought it better for you to take the medicine in time. 5) He had made it a rule never to cast his net more than three times a day. 6) I consider it a pity that he has given up studying English. 7) We found her to be mad. 8) He wanted her to be a dancer. 9) He believes what she said to be

19、 true.10) The doctor advised him to have an operation.11) The boss made the workers work long hours.12) We found the boy crying in the street.13) Have you ever heard this song sung in English?v14) The farmers showed us how to cut wheat.v15) Did you find them in?v16) Do you mind me /my closing the wi

20、ndow?v17) They forced her into the room.v1. Do + v 2. Be + predictive +v 3. Dont + do + v 4. Dont + be + predictivev 5. Let + object + do + .ve.g. 1) Come in, please.v 2) Pass her a piece of paper.v 3) Be a good boy.v 4) Be careful not to touch it.v 5) Dont read in a moving bus.v 6) Dont be so silly

21、.v 7) Lets have a rest.v 8) Let the boy in, please.1. What (+ adj.) + n.+ S. + v.! 2. How + adj./adv. + S. + v.! 3. How + S. + v.! 4. How + adj.+ a / an + n. + S. + v.!e.g. 1) What a silly boy he is!v 2) What terrible weather we are having!v 3) How hard they are working!v 4) How wonderful to be invi

22、ted to a v palace ball!1一般疑問句：v 1) Be + S. + predictive?v 2) Be + there + S. + ? Havev 3) Has + S. + object + ? Had Do Bev 4) Have + S. + do + ? Will Shall Can May v 5) Must + S. + do +? Need Dareve.g. 1) Were they busy yesterday?v 2) Was there a pine tree beside the house?v 3) Have you (got) any re

23、d ink?v 4) Is she lying in bed?v 5) Did Tom go there with you?v 6) Dare you say it again?2.特殊疑問句1）作主語的疑問詞+陳述語序?(who; which; what)v2）作定語修飾主語的疑問詞+陳述語序？v(what; which; whose; how many/much)v3）疑問詞(作定語/表語/狀語)+一般疑問語序？ve.g. 1) Who came to school the earliest v yesterday?v 2) Which book is yours?v 3) What ar

24、e you doing?v 4) Where did you go yesterday?3選擇疑問句：1）一般疑問句 + or + 另一供選擇部分？ 2）一般疑問句 + or + not? 3）特殊疑問句, + A or B ?e.g. 1) Do you like sports or music? 2) Do you like sports or not? 3)Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?4.反意疑問句： 助動(dòng)詞 1）陳述句肯定結(jié)構(gòu),+ 系動(dòng)詞 的否定式 + 人稱代詞？ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞 2）陳述句否定結(jié)構(gòu),+ 系動(dòng)詞 的肯定式 + 人稱代詞？

25、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 e.g. 1) You are tired, arent you? 2) You wouldnt leave for long, will you?1S. + be + not + predictive. e.g. He is not an engineer.v have no2. S. + has + not a + object .v had any e.g. I have no brother. v no3. There + be + not a + S.v not any e.g. There isnt a book on the table.4. S. + do/does/

26、did + not + do e.g. He didnt come to school yesterday.5. S. + 助動(dòng)詞 + not + do e.g. 1) He is not crying. 2) I shall not ask him for help.6. S. + 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not + do e.g. You neednt worry.v to do7. not + doing +v done e.g. 1) Not knowing the truth, he scolded her. v 2) I regretted not attending the meeting

27、.v 3) We said so not to flatter(奉承) him.vallv both 8. not + each 部分否定v everyv the wholev完全否定分別用：v none , neither, nothing, nobody, no onee.g. 1) All the answers are not correct.v 2) Everything doesnt go well.v 3) She hasnt done the job completely. v 4) Nobody can work it out.v 5) None of the student

28、s is from Shanghai.9. 由nor, neither構(gòu)成否定承接句：v Neither / Nor + 助/系/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + S.vNote: v 如果前句兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上動(dòng)詞不屬同類、時(shí)態(tài)不一致或既有肯定又有否定，則套用句型： It is / was the same with + S. v e.g. 1) I dont like the film, nor does she.v 2) He has no time. Neither have I.10. 由hardly, seldom, rarely, never, little, few等構(gòu)成的含否定意義的句子。ve.g.

29、 1) He hardly went out shopping.v 2) Few of them know science.1. 由并列詞或逗號(hào)、分號(hào)把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上、具有邏輯關(guān)系的簡單句連 接為一體，就構(gòu)成了并列句。2. 常用的并列連詞有： and “和” or “否則” vbut “可是；但是”vfor “因?yàn)椤?so “因此”veither or “不是就是” vneither nor “ 既不也不”vnot only but also “不但而且”3.常用的副詞有：yet “但是” however “然而” therefore “所以”Note:此類詞前常有逗號(hào)或分號(hào)與前句分開。e.g

30、. 1) Hurry up! Its going to rain.v 2) He had to come back home; he wanted v some money.v 3) Tears appeared in her eyes, but he didnt v notice it.v 4) Spring came and the trees turned green.v 5) She must be ill, for she didnt come v to school this morning.v 6) He found nobody in the room, so he v wen

31、t away.v 7) He is old, yet he is still active in his v work.v 8) The composition is all right; however v there is room for improvement.v 9) He was very tired, and therefore he fell v sound asleep.v10) We must hurry, or well be late.v11) Either he is wrong or you are wrong.v12) He doesnt know her, no

32、r do I.v13) Not only was my mother angry, but my v father also.1.主語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：1）連接代詞/副詞+從句+主句謂語部分= It +主句謂語部分+連接代詞/副詞+從句 (常用連詞 that; whether; who; whom; whose; v which; when; where; why; how)e.g. 1) That we love peace is known to all.v =It is known to all that we love peace.v 2) Whether we can solve the d

33、ifficulty still remains a question.v =It still remains a question whether we v can solve the difficulty. 3) Whose composition is better is hard to say. =It is hard to say whose composition is better. 4) Where well spend the summer holidays has not been decided. =It hasnt been decided where well spen

34、d the summer holidays.2）What+主語和及物動(dòng)詞謂語+主句謂語部分e.g. (1) What he said is not true.v (2) What we are doing is for building v socialism.vv Whoever3） Whatever + 主語從句 + 主句謂語部分 v Whichever e.g. (1) Whoever wants to go may go at once. (2) Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.vhappenedv seems 4）

35、It + is a pity + that-clausev is saidv is reportede.g. (1) It happened that he was ill when we found him.v (2) It seems that she doesnt like her job.v (3) Its a pity that she has gone abroad.v (4) It is said / reported that our womens v football team had won again.v that 連詞 if 主語 + whether + clausev

36、 連接代詞( who; whom; which; what） v 連接副詞(when; where; why; how)e.g. 1) His suggestion is that we go to Beijing to spend our holidays.v 2) That is just what he wants.v 3) The question is who will have a try first.v 4) That is why the bat never fly out in the v daytime.v 5) The problem is whether we can

37、find each v other at the station.1) S. + vt. + that-clause e.g. I wish I could enter college.v The king replied that he would set him v free.2) S. + vt. + if / whether-clause e.g. The teacher asked if anyone was absent.v I wonder whether he will come ( or not ). 3) S. + vt. + 連接代詞/副詞 + clause e.g. H

38、e asked which exercise is the most difficult. No one knows what they are fighting about.v 4) S. + vt. + sb. + 連接代詞/副詞 + clause e.g. He didnt tell me where he lived.v Didnt she tell you when we should start?5) 主謂結(jié)構(gòu) + prep. + clause v e.g. v She should be praised for what she has v done. The boss paid

39、 the workers according to how much they had done for him.6) S. + vt. + to短語 + that-clausev e.g. He explained to us that he had failed to v catch the first bus.7) S. + vt. + it + adj. / n. + clausev e.g. We felt it strange that she could leavev without saying good-bye.v We thought it a shame that the

40、y foughtv each other in class.1) 主句主語 + 關(guān)系代詞/副詞 + clause + 主句謂語 e.g. The man who is standing by the door is our English teacher.v The watch (which / that ) I bought v yesterday is made in Swiss.v The days when we were cheated are v gone for ever. 2) 主句 + 關(guān)系代詞/副詞+ clause e.g. This is the girl whose f

41、ather died in the flood.v Ill never forget the day when I joinedv the Party.3) 主句中的被修飾詞 + prep. + 關(guān)系代詞 + clause e.g. The earth on which we live is a big ball.v We visited the house in which chairman v Mao once lived.v4)非限定性定語從句：vwhichv whov 主句中的被修飾詞 + , + whom + clausev whose + n. v whereve.g. v Wan

42、g Hais father, who works inv Nanjing, has come back home.v We visited the industrial exhibition, v where we saw a lot of foreign guests.v 1)時(shí)間狀語從句(1) conj. + clause + , + 主句v 主句 + conj. + clausev(用于此類從句的連詞有：when, while, as, v before, after, since, until, as soon as) e.g. when he saw his mother, the

43、boy began to cry. Ill write to you as soon as I get there.(2) S. + had no sooner + done + than + clausev No sooner had + S. + done + than + clauseve.g. v The bell had no sooner rung than thev teacher walked into the classroom.v =No sooner had the bell rung than the v teacher walked into the classroo

44、m.(3) Hardly + had + S. + done + when / before + clausev S. + had + hardly + done + when / before + clauseve.g. v Hardly had I got home when / before it began to v rain.v =I had hardly got home when / before it began v to rain. (4) Scarcely + had + S. + done + when / before + clausev S. + had + scar

45、cely + done + when / before + clausev e.g. v Scarcely had he got to bed when / before he fell to v sleep.v = He hadscarcely got to bed when / before he v fell to sleep.v主句+where(ever)+從句vWhere(ver)+從句+，+主句e.g. I lost my pen where I wrote my composition. Wherever we are sent to work, we should work h

46、ard. Because / As / Since / Now that + 從句，+主句 主句 + because / as / since / now that + 從句e.g. He didnt go to the meeting because he was ill. As it is going to rain, youd better stay at home.If / Unless / As long as + clause +, + 主句v主句 + if / unless / as long as + 從句 e.g. You are sure to succeed if you

47、 work hard. As / So long as we keep calm, we can find a way out. 主句 + that / so that + 從句 S. + v. + so + adj. / adv. + that-clause S. + v. + such (a) + adj. + n. + that-clause S. + v. + so + adj. (+ a ) + n. + that-clausee.g. She is so kind to us that we all love her.v He spoke so quickly that nobod

48、y could v follow him.v She gave us such an excellent lecture that v everybody admired him.v =She gave us so excellent a lecture that v everybody admired him.vthatv so thatv主句 + in order that + 從句v in case e.g. We took the front seats in order that we could hear clearly. （1） conj. + clause +, + 主句v =主句 + conj. + clause adj. （2） adv. + as / though + 從句 + 主句 n. v常用連詞有：vthough (although) “