國(guó)家激流隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員全程速度結(jié)構(gòu)特征及成因分析

1、國(guó)家激流隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員全程速度結(jié)構(gòu)特征及成因分析    國(guó)家激流隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員全程速度結(jié)構(gòu)特征及成因分析 The Characterics of China Canoe Slalom National Team Athletes' Full-course Distance Speed Structure and the Reasons of Them【中文摘要】 在我國(guó),皮劃艇激流回旋項(xiàng)目處于發(fā)展上升期;但我國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員與世界優(yōu)秀選手相比較,還有具有一定的差距。本研究針對(duì)我國(guó)國(guó)家激流隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員全程速度結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)國(guó)家激流隊(duì)教練員以及運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行了訪談,并應(yīng)用Dartfi

2、sh運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)比分析軟件對(duì)我國(guó)皮劃艇激流回旋國(guó)家隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員與世界優(yōu)秀皮劃艇激流回旋運(yùn)動(dòng)員比賽及訓(xùn)練錄像進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。本研究通過對(duì)各個(gè)段落的完成速度、槳數(shù)、技術(shù)的對(duì)比分析,闡明了我國(guó)皮劃艇激流回旋國(guó)家隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員全程速度結(jié)構(gòu)特征,并提出了相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化對(duì)策。本研究得出以下結(jié)論:(1)本研究通過分析收集的錄象資料以及對(duì)國(guó)家激流隊(duì)教練員、運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行訪談得出:激流回旋比賽全程速度結(jié)構(gòu)根據(jù)通過水門方向與水流的關(guān)系可以分為逆水門完成速度以及順?biāo)畡澬兴俣?根據(jù)水門與水門之間的組合關(guān)系,分成完成組合門(combination gates)速度因素與順?biāo)眲澦俣纫蛩?根據(jù)線路完成時(shí)間前后順序以及難點(diǎn)分布等,分為前半程完成速度

3、因素與后半程速度因素。(2)本研究根據(jù)對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),國(guó)家激流隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員完成逆水門速度明顯慢于世界優(yōu)秀選手;完成逆水門所用槳數(shù)高于國(guó)外優(yōu)秀選手。順?biāo)畡澬卸我堰_(dá)到世界優(yōu)秀選手水平,槳數(shù)與世界優(yōu)秀選手一致(3)本研究根據(jù)對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),我國(guó)國(guó)家激流隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員組合門完成速度慢于國(guó)外優(yōu)秀選手,所用槳數(shù)明顯高于國(guó)外優(yōu)秀選手;順?biāo)眲澏嗡俣纫呀?jīng)達(dá)到世界優(yōu)秀選手水平,所用槳數(shù)少于國(guó)外優(yōu)秀選手。(4)與世界優(yōu)秀選手相比,我國(guó)國(guó)家激流隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員前半程速度已達(dá)到世界優(yōu)秀選手水平,但是完成前半程線路的逆水門、組合門時(shí),技術(shù)應(yīng)用不合理,借助水流的能力不強(qiáng),導(dǎo)致體能消耗過大;與世界優(yōu)秀選手相比,我國(guó)國(guó)家激流隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員后半程速度下降幅度較大

4、、失誤率升高,尤其是完成后半程逆水門、組合門時(shí)。同時(shí),由于前半程不合理體能消耗,導(dǎo)致后半程速度難以提高. 【英文摘要】 Canoe Slalom is developing in China.However,ur players still have some gaps compared with the outstanding players in the world.The paper analyzes and compares the national players of our country with the outstanding players in the world by

5、using Dartfish comparative analysis software.By analyzing and comparing the finishing speed,the number of paddle and the skill of every part,the study sums up China canoe slalom national team players' speed structure of the whole distance and makes the conclusions as follows:(1) By analyzing the

6、 collected veidos and interviewing the coaches and the athletes of national team,the whole speed structure of canoe slalom competition is divided into the speed of going through upstream gates and the speed of going through downstream gates according to the direction of going through the gates.Accor

7、ding to the relationship between the gates,it is divided into the speed of finifhing all combination gates and the downstream speed.According to the sequence of finishing the routine and the distribution of difficulties,it is divided into the speed of first half and the speed of second half.(2) By c

8、omparison,there is no obvious gap between our players and the outstanding players in the world in the aspect of downstream speed.But our players are not able to distribute the energy,use the right skills reasonablly and the ability to follow the current is not good.As a result, they consume too much

9、 energy in this part.After excessive consumption of energy,they can not slow down and buffer in front of the upstream gates and can not follow the current correctly and speed up when the canoe goes through the gates.Therefore,the speed of upstream is too slow.(3) According to the relationship betwee

10、n the gates,it is divided into the speed of finishing all combination gates and the downstream speed. In the downstream part,our national players is as good as the outstanding players in the world.However,they can not choose the right paddle points and right time to paddle and arrange the energy rea

11、sonablly which results in excessive consumption of energy.In the part of combination gates, the national team players can not use the right skills and follow the current correctly,they consume the energy excessively.The speed is slower than the outstanding player in the world obviously.(4) According

12、 to the sequence of finishing the routine and the distribution of difficulties,it is divided into the speed of first half and the speed of second half.Compared with the outstanding players,our players' first half speed is as good as them.But they can not use the skills correcly and follow the cu

13、rrent when go through the upstream gates and combination gates in the first half.As a result,they consume the energy excessively.In the second half,our players' speed slow down too much and make too many mistakes,especially when they go through the downstream gates and combination gates in the s

14、econd half.As a result, it is difficult for our players to speed up in the second half because of the excessive consumption in the first half.  【中文關(guān)鍵詞】 皮劃艇激流回旋項(xiàng)目; 全程速度結(jié)構(gòu); 特征; 成因分析 【英文關(guān)鍵詞】 Canoe slalom; the speed structure of whole distance; characteristics; the analysis of reasons 摘要 5-6 ABSTRA

15、CT 6-7 1 前言 10-11 2 文獻(xiàn)綜述 11-17     2.1 國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于速度的研究 11-14         2.1.1 國(guó)外關(guān)于速度結(jié)構(gòu)的研究 11-12         2.1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)關(guān)于速度的研究 12-14     2.2 關(guān)于激流回旋項(xiàng)目的研究 14-17     2.3 小結(jié) 17 3 研究對(duì)象、方法與步驟 17-21  &#

16、160;  3.1 研究對(duì)象及調(diào)查對(duì)象 17-19         3.1.1 研究對(duì)象 17-18         3.1.2 調(diào)查對(duì)象 18-19     3.2 研究方法 19-20         3.2.1 文獻(xiàn)資料法 19         3.2.2 訪談法 19 &

17、#160;       3.2.3 錄像分析法 19-20         3.2.4 實(shí)地觀察法 20         3.2.5 數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法 20     3.3 研究步驟 20-21         3.3.1 收集錄像資料 20-21     

18、0;   3.3.2 選取指標(biāo),并根據(jù)指標(biāo)整理數(shù)據(jù) 21         3.3.3 對(duì)比分析 21         3.3.4 速度結(jié)構(gòu)特征分析 21 4 結(jié)果與分析 21-54     4.1 逆水門完成速度結(jié)構(gòu)特征及成因分析 22-35         4.1.1 國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在逆水門完成速度對(duì)比分析 22-25         4.1.2 國(guó)家激流隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員與世界優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員逆水門完成速度對(duì)比分析 25-33         4.1.3 逆水門完成速度特征形成原因分析 33-35     4.2 組合門段及順?biāo)眲澏谓Y(jié)速度結(jié)構(gòu)特征及成因分析 35-45 &#