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1、2012最新人教版初一英語下冊各單元知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? 一、 單詞與詞組 Join: 表示“參加,加入”,此處指參加社團(tuán)或組織,成為其中的成員。e.g:Join the army 參軍/ join the NBA 加入美國籃球協(xié)會 Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 參加體育/音樂

2、/英語/象棋俱樂部   樂器類+the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano     非樂器類+ the  play soccer/ basketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton           &

3、#160;          (英式足球 / 籃球 / 排球 /英式足球,美式橄欖球/網(wǎng)球/羽毛球)  Be good at+ sth./doing sth. 擅長做某事         Be good with  與相處得好 Be

4、0;good to 對友好=be friendly to    Be good for    對有好處  Like to do sth.特指某一次的動作;like doing sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常性的愛好。兩者都表示喜歡做某事,在僅僅表達(dá)“喜歡”時兩者可以通用。           

5、;                     Tell: Tell stories 講故事  tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.告訴某人某事/不要做某事 Help:help sb.&#

6、160;to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth. 幫助某人做某事      help yourself/sb. (to sth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,飲料等)拿給自己/某人      can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事&#

7、160;Call at 用于打某人的電話 e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742 Home:1. 表示動態(tài)概念。意思是“回家”,“到家”。前面不加介詞。這里的home 是副詞,表示目的地。 e.g.  1)When do you go home every day?你每天什么時候回家? 2)He drives home after work.他下

8、班的開車回家。   3)She often does some shopping on his way home.  她經(jīng)常在回家途中買些東西。 2. at home 表示靜態(tài)概念。意思是“在家”。這里的home是名詞,表示具體地點(diǎn)。e.g.   1) Is she at home? 她在家嗎?2)He left his

9、0;book at home.  他把書放在家里了。go home 回家   get home 到家   at home 在家 Also 也,而且;較正式,用于肯定句,緊跟動詞。 e.g. I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese. 我能說英文

10、也能說中文。Too 多用于口語,放在句末。 e.g. Me too. Either 多用于否定句,放在句末。e.g. He hasnt finished, either. 他也沒有完成。show sb. sth. /show sth. to sb. 展示給某人看 Show time 作秀時間,表演開始     talk 

11、0;show  脫口秀(美國脫口秀節(jié)目)Unit 2 What time do you go to school? 時間連詞:when=while 當(dāng)時 then 然后 after that 在那之后 at+時間點(diǎn)/ e.g: sb. do sth. at about +時間點(diǎn) for breakfast/lunch/dinner 睡覺go to bed=go to sleep 睡覺 反:get up 起床 take a tap 午休,小睡一會兒 Time 表時間,不可數(shù);表次數(shù)時是可數(shù)名詞。 some times 幾次 sometimes 有時 some time 一段時

12、間 sometime 某個時候 系動詞It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels嘗起來/聞起來/看起來/聽起來/摸起來(含被動意味,但不能用被動語態(tài)) tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 嘗起來/聞起來/看起來/聽起來/摸起來像 eitheror 二選一 neithernor 兩者都不 連接兩個主語時,其謂語動詞應(yīng)與最近的一個主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,即 "就近原則"。 e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。 Neithe

13、r dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。 Here引導(dǎo)的倒裝句表位置的副詞放在句首時, 如主語是代詞,不倒裝 ; 表位置的副詞放在句首時, 如主語是名詞,要用全部倒裝。 e.g. Here it is! Here he comes. (代詞不倒裝) Here is your ticket. Here comes the bus. (名詞倒裝) 關(guān)于時間的問法 (1)以when提問,“什么時候”可以是較長的時間段,也可以是較短的時間點(diǎn) When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么時候? My birthday is Dec. 29th.

14、我的生日是12月29日。這里就是指一天的時間段 When do you go home? 你幾點(diǎn)回家? I go home at 4:30 p.m. 我下午4:30回家. 這里when問的是具體的時間。 (2)具體幾點(diǎn)我們通常用what time提問 What time is it now? 現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了? or Whats the time? 幾點(diǎn)了? Its 9:26. 現(xiàn)在九點(diǎn)二十六。 What time is it by your watch? 你手表幾點(diǎn)了?Its 8:36. Oh, Its 50 minutes late (8:36,哦,它慢了50分鐘。) What time do

15、you get up? 你幾點(diǎn)起床? I get up at 6:00 a.m. 我早上6點(diǎn)起床。 Unit 3 How do you get to school? many students是單指學(xué)生數(shù)量多,側(cè)重數(shù)量 many of the students是指學(xué)生中很多一部分,強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 too太 1.too much意為“太多”,+不可數(shù)名詞/+動詞。 e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday . 昨天我有太多的家務(wù)活要干。 She talks too much . 她說話太多。 much too意思是“過分,太”,隱含了過分而不恰當(dāng)之意,m

16、uch too+形容詞或副詞,不+動詞。 e.g.The question is much too difficult . 這道題太難了。 Youre walking much too fast . 你走得太快了。 2.tooto太而不能. e.g. You are never too young to study. 同:sothat太以至于 e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too quickly to row a boat. =The river runs so quickly that people cant

17、 row a boat to across the river. Unit 4 Dont eat in class. 1、 詞組 school rules 學(xué)校規(guī)章制度 break the rules 違反規(guī)章制度 make the rules 制定規(guī)章. in the hallways 在過道 in the music room 在音樂教室里 in the dining hall 在餐廳 be in bed 在床上 be late for 遲到 listen to music 聽音樂 wash my clothes 洗衣服 make dinner 做飯 have to do 不得不做 too

18、 many+名詞復(fù)數(shù); too much +不可數(shù)名詞“太多” by ten oclock 十點(diǎn)之前 on school nights 上學(xué)的晚上 on weekends 在周末 go to the childrens palace 去少年宮 after school 放學(xué)后 sports shoes 運(yùn)動鞋 gym class 體育課 2、 句型 (1)Dont arrive late for class. (2)We cant listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside. (3)-What else do

19、 you have to do? - We have to clean the classroom. (4)-Can we wear hats in school? -Yes, we can/ No, we cant. (5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school? -Yes, we do /No, we dont. (6) What are the rules at your school? (7)重難點(diǎn)精析: 祈使句 通常用來表示命令、請求、禁止、建議、警告等語氣。它的主語you(聽話人)通常省略。其構(gòu)成通常有以下幾種形式。 )Be型(即系動詞原型

20、be+表語其他)。如: Be quiet,please. 否定句Dont + be+表語+其他。如: Dont be angry. )Do型(即系動詞原形賓語其他)。如: Open you books, please. 否定句Dont +實義動詞原形+賓語+其他。如: Dont eat in the classroom. )Let型(即Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他)如:Let me help you. Lets go at six oclock. 否定句一般在賓語后加not。如: Let not watch TV. )No+V-ing型(此種形式通常用于公共場合的提示語中,意為“禁止做某事“)

21、如: No smoking! 嚴(yán)禁吸煙! No talking! 不許交談! No passing! 禁止通行! No parking! 不許停車! Must與have to 1.must表主觀看法,主觀上的必要 have to 表客觀需要 e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厲害,我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。(客觀上需要做這件事) He said that they must work hard. 他說他們必須努力工作。(主觀上要做這件事) 2. h

22、ave to有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化,而must只有一種形式。3. 在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中: don't have to 表示"不必";mustn't 表示"禁止"。 e.g. You don't have to (neednt沒必要) tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告訴他。 You mustn't (cant 不能)tell him about it. 你一定不要把這件事告訴他。 On time 準(zhǔn)時,按時。 In time 及時,遲早 e.g. We were just in time for (to ca

23、tch ) the bus. 我們及時趕上了公車。 The train pulled in on time. 車準(zhǔn)時到站。 Unit 5 Why do you like pandas? 1、 詞組 want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 want sth 想要某物 Let sb do sth 讓某人做某事 Kind kind of 有幾分種類 a kind of 一種 (all) kinds of 各種各樣的=various of like to do sth/like doing sth 喜歡做某事 play with 與.一起玩 du

24、ring the day 在白天 at night 在夜間 2、 句型與日常交際用語 1、 -why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas? -Because theyre kind of interesting. 2、 Why do you want to see the lions? - Because theyre 3、 -Where are lions from? -Lions are from South Africa. 4、 -What (other) animals do you like? -I like elephants

25、. 5. This is a symbol of good luck. 的象征 6. Have a good memory like an elephant. 形容記憶力好 7 .- How old are you?=Whats your age? Im ten years old./Im ten. 8.-Do you like giraffes? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont .9.make of 與make from “由組成” make of 看得出原材料,物理變化;make from 看不出原材料,化學(xué)變化。 e.g. We must save trees and

26、not by things made of ivory(象牙). The paper is made of wood. The other, others, another, other的區(qū)別 10. other可作形容詞或代詞,做形容詞時,意思是“別的,其他”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”。e.g : Do you have any other question(s)? 你還有其他問題嗎? Ask some other people. 問問別人吧! Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你另一只手里。 11. the other指兩個人或物中的一個時,只能用the oth

27、er,不能用another,此時的other作代詞。如: He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有兩個女兒,一個是護(hù)士,另一個是工人。 the other后可加單數(shù)名詞,也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞,此時的other作形容詞。如: On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree. 在街道的另一邊,有一棵大樹。 Mary is much taller than the other girls. 瑪麗比其他的女孩高得多。 He lives on the other si

28、de of the river. 他住在河的對岸。 12. others是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式,泛指“另外幾個”,“其余的”。在句中可作主語、賓語。如: Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我們一些人喜歡唱歌和跳舞,其余的從事體育活動。 Give me some others, please. 請給我別的東西吧! There are no others. 沒有別的了。 13. the others意思是“其他東西,其余的人”。特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的(人或物)”。是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如: Two

29、 boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 兩個男孩將去動物園,其余的留在家里。 the others=the other 復(fù)數(shù)名詞,這在第2條中已經(jīng)有所介紹。 14. another=an other,既可作形容詞,也可作代詞,只能用于三個或更多的人或物,泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個”,只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。如: I dont like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜歡這一個,請給我看看另一個。 I have three daughters. One is

30、 a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三個女兒。一個是護(hù)士,另一個是教師,還有一個是工人。 15. Lets do sth , lets=let us 讓我們做 人稱代詞用賓格 Lets 之后跟動詞原形。 Lets see the panda.我們看熊貓吧。 Lets go! 我們走吧! Unit 6 Im watching TV. 1、 詞組 do ones homework 做家庭作業(yè) watch TV 看電視 eat dinner 吃飯;就餐 clean the room 打掃房間 talk on the ph

31、one 電話聊天 thanks for+n/doing為某事感謝某人 go shopping/swimming去購物/游泳 at the pool 在游泳池 at school 在學(xué)校 in the tree 在樹上 read newspaper/a book 看報紙看書 write a letter 寫信 go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie 看電影 take photos 拍照 wait for 等待;等候 TV show 電視節(jié)目 talk about 談?wù)?e.g. What are you talking about? so

32、me of中的一些 a photo of my family 我的家庭照 be with 和.一起 with sb. 和某人在一起 in the first/last photo在第一張/最后一張照片 二、句型與日常交際用語 1. -What+be+主語+doing? 正在做什么? -主語be doing 正在做某事 2. -Here are/is e.g: Here are some of my photos. /Here is a photo of my family. 3. -Do you want to go to the movies? -Sure. 4. -When do you

33、want to go? -Lets go at seven. 5. -Where do people play basketball? -At school. 6. -Whats he waiting for? -Hes waiting for a bus. 7. -Whats he reading? -Hes reading a newspaper. 8. Can +do(動詞原形) 可以 e.g.You can see my family at home. 3、 語法現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 1)現(xiàn)在在進(jìn)行時的形式:助動詞be(am,is,are)+動詞-ing形式(也叫現(xiàn)在分詞),表示現(xiàn)在(說話的瞬間

34、)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。 2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句形式:主語+be(am,is,are)+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他 e.g:Im watching TV. 3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定句形式:主語+be(am,is,are)+not+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他 e.g:They are not playing soccer. 4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句形式及回答: Is(am,are)+主語+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他? Yes,主語+is/am/are. No,主語+isnt/arent/am not. e.g:Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not. 5) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問句形式

35、:特殊疑問詞+is/am/are+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他? e.g:What is your brother doing? Unit 7 Its raining! 1、 詞組 play computer games 打電子游戲 lie on the beach 躺在沙灘上 play beach volleyball 打沙灘排球 in this heat 在酷暑中 in picture 在圖片里 on vacation 度假 on the beach 在海邊 around the world 世界各地 =all over the world be surprised at sth./sb.對某人或

36、某人感到驚訝 be relaxed 放松 =feel relaxed have a good time 玩得很痛快 in different kind of weather 在不同的天氣里 thank sb for(doing)sth由于某事而感謝某人 someothers一些另一些 a group of people 一群人 look at sb doing/do sth 看某人正在做某事/做了某事(事情的全過程) everyone后只接人不跟of, 相當(dāng)于everybody; every one 后跟人或物,可跟of。 e.g. Everyone is here. 每個人都在這。 Ever

37、y one of the students likes the teacher. 每位學(xué)生都很喜歡這個老師。 二、句型日常交際用語 (1) -Hows the weather(+地點(diǎn))? -Its rainy. /Its cold and snowing. (2)-Whats the weather like?-The weather there is very hot. (3) -Hows it going(with sb.)?某人最近怎樣。/How was your trip? -Great. /Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good! (4) Thanks you f

38、or joining CCTVs Around the World show!(5) -Is Aunt Wang there? -Yes, she is/No, she isnt .(6) There are many people here on vacation. (7) See you later./See you soon. 之后見/很快見 (8) My phone isnt working. 我的電話壞了。 Unit 8 Is there a post office near there? 一、詞組 post office 郵局 pay phone 投幣式公用電話 next to 在

39、.隔壁 across from 在.對面 in front of 在.前面 betweenand 在.和.之間 on a street 在街上 in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右邊在左邊 behind在后面 on Green street 在格林街上 near在附近 go straight 一直走 go down(along)沿著.走 welcome to 歡迎 enjoy+名詞/doing喜歡做某事 have fun 過得愉快 on ones right/left 在某人的右邊左邊 turn right/left 向右左轉(zhuǎn) take a

40、walk 散步 the way to 去.的路 let sb do sth 讓某人做某事 take a taxi 打的乘出租車 go through.穿過. have a good trip 旅途愉快=have a good time. 玩的開心,過得愉快 arrive at(小地方) /in(大地方)到達(dá) at the beginning of 在.開始的時候 at the end of 在.結(jié)束的時候 hope to do sth/that/for sth 希望做某事 (不可以用hope sb. to do sth.) help sb.to do sth./sb. sth. 幫助某人某事

41、in front of 與 in the front of 的區(qū)別 in front of就是指在某物的前方;in the front of是指在某物的內(nèi)部靠前的地方。 e.g. Sit in the front of the classroom. 指坐在教室前排的。 Sit in front of the classroom指坐在教室前面 (教室外面的前面)。It cost sb. st. to do sth./some moey sb. spend time on sth. /(in) doing sth./sb. spend some money. 花費(fèi)時間/金錢做某事 2、 句型。 1

42、、Is there a . .?句型 e.g: -Excuse me. Is there a hotel in /near the neighborhood. -Yes, there is. No. there isnt 2、Where is . .?句型 e.g: -Where is the park, please? -Its behind the bank.(肯定回答) -Im sorry I dont know. (否定回答) 3、Which is the way to +地點(diǎn)? 句型.如: Which is the way to the library? 4、How can I ge

43、t to +地點(diǎn)?句型.如: How can I get to the restaurant? 5、 Can you tell me the way to +地點(diǎn)?/Could you please tell me .句型.如: Can you tell me the way to the post office? 6、 Let me tell you the way to my house. 7、 Just go straight and turn left. 3、 日常交際用語 1、 Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is .Its on Cent

44、re Street. /No, there isnt.2、Wheres the supermarket? Its next to the library. 3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun. 4、I hope you have a good trip. 5If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant. 6、Talk a walk though the park. 7、I know you are arriving next Sunday. 我知道你下周日要來。 8、Time goe

45、s by./time goes quickly. 時間流逝/時間流逝得飛快 Unit 9 What dose he look like? 1、 詞組 curly /short/straight/long hair卷短直發(fā) of medium height/build中等高度身體 a little bit+形容詞 一點(diǎn)兒 a pop singer 一位流行歌手 be popular with sb 在流行 notany more 不再 good-looking 好看 wear glasses 戴眼鏡 have a new look 呈現(xiàn)新面貌 the captain of the basketb

46、all team 籃球隊隊長 Nobody knows me 沒有人認(rèn)識我 二、句型 1)-What does he look like? -Hes really short. He has short hair./ He is of medium build. 2) Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five? 3) -She has beautiful, long black hair. -I dont think hes so great . 4) stop doing(sth)表示停止正在干的事 如: He stop listening-

47、She never stops talking. stop to do (sth)表示停下來去做某事 如: He stops to listen. 5) I can go shopping and nobody knows me. 6) -Is he tall or short? Hes of medium height. 7) He has long straight brown hair. Unit 10 Id like some noodles. 一、詞組 would like+ n/to do 想要 a large/medium/small bowl of 大碗/中碗/小碗 what

48、size 什么尺寸 orange juice 桔汁 green tea 綠茶 what kind of 表示.的種類 a kind of 一種 some kind of 許多種 a bowl of rice 一碗米飯 a bottle of orange juice 一瓶桔子汁(不可數(shù)) three oranges 三個桔子(可數(shù)) some chicken 一些雞肉(不可數(shù)) three chickens 三只小雞(可數(shù)) gongbao chicken 宮爆雞丁 mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍下 cut off 切斷 cut out 切掉 2、 句型

49、 ) What kind of would you like? 你想要? ) -What size bowl of noodles would you like? -I like a small bowl of noodles. ) We have large ,medium, and small bowls. ) I like dumplings, I dont like noodles. 3、 日常交際用語 ) -Can I help you?/ What can I do for you?/May I take your order? -Id like some noodles. ple

50、ase. ) -What kind of noodles would you like? -Id like mutton and potato noodles. Please. ) -Would you like a cup of green tea? -Yes, please. /No, thanks would like后面還可以跟不定式.即: 1,would like to do sth.想要做某事 He would like to see you today. 2,would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事 What would you like me to do.

51、 If If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 主句用一般將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。 e.g. If he or she blows(從句) out all the candles in one go, the wish will (主句)come true. If it doesnt (從句)rain, we will(主句) play basketball. It it 作形式主語。結(jié)構(gòu):it+be(is/was)+(for sb.)+to do sth. (對某人來說)做某事怎么樣 e.g. Its getting more and more popular to have cake on your

52、birthday. = It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on their birthday. Unit 11 How was you weekend? 1、 詞組 do some reading 閱讀 study for the (math) test 準(zhǔn)備(數(shù)學(xué))考試 have a party/ do some sports 做運(yùn)動 practice+n/doing 練習(xí) what aout/ How about+n/doing 做什么怎么樣 stay at home 呆家里 go to summer camp 去

53、夏令營 go shopping 去購物 go to the beach/pool 去沙灘/游泳 go to the mountains 去爬 last month 上個月 three days ago 三天前 yesterday 昨天 the day before yesteday 前天 the day after tomorrow 后天 look for 尋找 look after 照顧,看管 look out (for) 留神,注意 look up 查找 go for a walk 散步 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上在下午在晚上 on Sunday morning 在

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