九年級語法賓語從句專題講解(共10頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上教學目標1. 掌握賓語從句的基本知識。包括：連接詞，時態(tài)，語序。2. 理解賓語從句的簡化和否定轉(zhuǎn)移3.運用賓語從句解題【賓語從句概念】 【試比較】仔細觀察（1）和（2）兩句有什么不同？（1）We know him. 主 謂 賓（2）We know he likes English. 主 謂 主 謂 賓 在復合句中作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句可做動詞的賓語，介詞的賓語和某些形容詞的賓語。 【例】I think that she is very beautiful. 我認為她很漂亮。 My teacher was satisified with what I did

2、.我的老師對我做的事感到滿意。 賓語從句也可做某些形容詞的賓語，如下： be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that從句, 【例】Im sorry Im late. 對不起,我遲到了。 Im afraid he isnt in at the moment. 恐怕他此刻不在家?！揪涫浇Y(jié)構(gòu)】一般為：主句連詞+從句主語+從句謂語+.賓語從句三關(guān)突破法【一】分類關(guān) 根據(jù)引導詞的不同，我們可以將賓語從句劃分為三大類： 1、 由that引導的賓語從句。當賓語從句的成分是完整的陳述句時，用that引導。 That在句只起連接作用，沒有實際意義。在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。 【

3、例】Some people believe (that) colours can influence our moods. 有人相信顏色可以影響我們的心情。 I think (that) blue is better than pink. 我認為藍色比粉紅色好。 【反饋】老師告訴我們她是一個誠實的女生。 _ 她希望黃色能給她帶來成功。 _ 【知識拓展】that在下列賓語從句中不可?。海?） 當賓語從句的主語是that時； e.g. “That is an interesting book ”he said. He said that that is an interesting book. 他

4、說那是一本有趣的書。（2）當從句前有插入語時；（插入語一般為對某句話作一些特殊的說明，通常與句中其它部分沒有語法上的聯(lián)系，將它刪掉之后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整。） E.g.It says,on the card,that it is made in China. 卡片上說它是中國制造的。（3）當賓語從句是主從復合句時。 E.g. Im afraid that if youve lost it ,you must pay for it. 如果你丟了它，恐怕你必須進行賠償。（4） 當兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句由并列連詞連接時，除第一個從句中的that可以省略外，其余從句中的that不可省略。 【例】He

5、said (that)the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much. 他說這部電影很有意思，他非常喜歡看。2、由if/whether引導的賓語從句。當一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語從句時用If/whether連接，if/whether在句中意為“是否”，不可省略。 【例】 “Do you like listening to music? ”he asked me. He asked me if / whether I like listening to music. 他問我是否喜歡聽音樂?！局R拓展】在下列情況

6、中，只能用“whether”表示是否：（1） 在具有選擇意義，又有or/or not時，尤其是直接與or not連用時，往往用whether： 【例】Im not sure whether he will come or not. 我不確定他會不會來。 I dont know whether or not he does any washing. 我不知道他洗不洗衣服?！痉答仭课也恢牢覀兪侨ナ橇簟?_ He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane or not. A. that B. if C. how D.

7、whether 我想知道今天晚上還有沒有去北京的火車。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.（2）在介詞之后用whether?！纠縒e are thinking about whether we can finish the work on time. 我們正在考慮是否能按時完工。 (3) 在不定式前用whether?！纠縄 dont know whether to go. 我不知去不去。 (4)當whether引導的從句作介詞的賓語或置于句首,表示強調(diào)時不能用if替換。 【例】Everything depends on whether

8、 we have enough money. 每件事都要取決于我們是否有足夠的錢。 Whether he will come,I am not sure.我不確定他是否會來。3、 用連接代詞who，whom, which, whose, what和連接副詞when, where, why, how等引導的賓語從句。當特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語從句時，連接詞就用原來的特殊疑問詞，這些詞在句中各有其意，不可省略。 【例】 I want to know. I want to know what he has told you. “what has he told you ? 我想知道他告訴了你什么。 Ca

9、n you tell me Can you tell me where he comes from? Where does he comes from ? 你能告訴我他來自哪兒嗎？ Could you tell me what I should do with the money? 你能告訴我如何處理這筆錢嗎？【反饋】 -Im waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive? -Usually it comes by 4:00. A.how B. Where C.when D. what Do you know 

10、;_ you are studying for?  A. what B. that C .how D. Why I dont know _he still lives here after so many years A.where B. / C.whether D.when【二】語序關(guān) 不論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述語序。即“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。【例】I like english. 主語 謂語動詞 賓語 She is beautiful. 主語 系動詞 表語 （1）I hear I hear (that)

11、 physics isnt easy physics isnt easy.   我聽說物理并不容易。 （2）please tell me  Please tell me when well have the meeting. When will we have the meeting? 請告訴我我們什么時候開會。改一改：（一）將下列句子改為陳述句。 Does he have a pen ? _ What happened to you ? _ Whats wrong with

12、 you ? _ Which place did he go to ? _Whats matter with you ? _（二）將上面的句子置在一個主句后，變成一個賓語從句。 Can you tell me./ do you know./I wonder. _ _ _ _ _想一想：為什么3、4、5三句沒有變化呢？_【三】時態(tài)關(guān) 在賓語從句中，時態(tài)遵循“主現(xiàn)從任意，主過從過去”的十字原則。1、主現(xiàn)從任意，即，若主句為現(xiàn)在的某種時態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），那么從句的時態(tài)不受限制，可以根據(jù)實際情況而定。（1）I remember (that) he gave me a book

13、yesterday.  我記得昨天他給了我一本書。（2） Please tell us where he is.  請告訴我們他在哪？（3）He has told me (that)hell leave for New York tomorrow. 他已經(jīng)告訴我明天他就動身去紐約了。2、主過從過去，即，若主句為過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時），賓語從句必須為相對映過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。（1）He asked what

14、60;time it was.  他問現(xiàn)在幾點了。（2） He told me (that) he was preparing for the final examination. 他告訴我他正在為期末考試做準備。（3） He asked if you had written to Peter.  他問你是否已經(jīng)給peter寫信了。（4） He said that he would go back to t

15、he U.K soon. 他說他將很快回英國。3、若從句中陳述的是客觀事實，俗語或真理，則其時態(tài)常為一般現(xiàn)在時。（1）Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.  我們老師說一月是一年的第一個月份。（2） Scientists have proved that the earth moves around t

16、he sun.  科學家已經(jīng)證實地球圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)?！痉答仭?I wanted to know _, but no one would like to tell me. A. what dothe old man say B. what the old man need C. what did the old man want D. what the old man meant -Do you know _ last night? -Sorry, I dont know. But I think he should go to bed early because he wil

17、l have an English exam this afternoon. A. when he goes to bed B. when he went to bed C. when did he go to bed -They knew the sun _ much bigger than the earth then. A. is B. was C.will be D has been【賓語從句解題技巧】1.語序優(yōu)先（ ）2.補缺原則，引導詞的考查是賓語從句考查的一個重點?！叭笔裁囱a什么”是解決這類題型的重要方法。 拓 展【一】否定轉(zhuǎn)移 1、在復合句中，當主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動詞是

18、think,believe,suppose等時，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，主句的謂語動詞用否定形式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定形式?！纠縄 dont think that he will come with you. 我認為他不會和你一起來的?！揪毩暋浚?）我認為你叔叔不是真的喜歡戲劇。 _ （2）我相信他不會說謊。 _【二】賓語從句的簡化 1、當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等時，that引導的從句可化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)?！纠縄 hope that I can receive your e-mail. = I hop

19、e to receive your e-mail. 我希望能收到你的電子郵件。 2、當賓語從句的主語和從句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是know,remember,forget,learn等時，疑問詞引導的從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)?！纠縎he doesnt know what she should do next. =She dosent know what to do next. 她不知道下一步該怎么辦。3、 當主句的謂語動詞是ask,tell,show,teach等，且賓語從句的主語和主句的間接賓語一致時，疑問詞引導的從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)?！纠縒ill yo

20、u please show me how I can work it now? =Will you please show me how to work it out? 請告訴我怎樣把它解出來好嗎？4、 動詞seem后面的賓語從句可用不定式（短語）來簡化，但句型要有適當變化。一般情況下，通常將賓語從句的主語作為簡化的句子的主語，seem（的適當形式）作謂語?！纠縄t seems that football is very interesting. =Football seems to be very interesting. 足球似乎非常有趣。5、賓語從句有時候可以簡化為名詞或名詞短語?！纠?/p>

21、】I dont believe what Tom said. =I dont believe Toms words. 我不相信湯姆說的話。【練習】（1）We havent decide if we will go to Hainan Island for a holiday.（改為同義句） We havent decide _ _ _ to Hainan Island for a holiday. （2）I think Daniel has finished his homework.（改為否定句） _ （3）He seems to have learnt about the bad news

22、 .（改為同義句） It seems _ _ _ _the bad news. 【注意】：1. if 引導的賓語從句和條件狀語從句if 有兩個意思，作“是否”講時，引導賓語從句（同whether）,從句的時態(tài)由事實決定；作“假如，如果”講時，引導條件狀語從句，此時若主句為一般將來時或祈使句，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時?！纠縒e dont know if it will rain tomorrow.If it rains,we wont have a sports meeting.我們不知道明天是否下雨。如果下雨，我們就不開運動會了。2. when引導的賓語從句和時間狀語從句（1） when引導的時

23、間狀語從句，若主句是一般將來時，從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；when引導其他時態(tài)的時間狀語從句時，從句的時態(tài)應(yīng)與主句時態(tài)保持一致。（2） when引導的賓語從句首先要保證從句的陳述句語序，然后再根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)確定從句的時態(tài)，使其基本與主句內(nèi)容保持意義上的一致?！纠縄 dont know when my father will come back,but Ill tell you when he comes back. 我不知道父親什么時候回來，但他回來時我會告訴你的。練 習【一】改錯題 1） We dont know what time is it. 2） Mike asked when did t

24、he meeting start.3） We havent decided where are we going to spend the weekend.4） You said that you have my telephone number.5） He asked me I was at home that day.【二】中考直擊 1.-Jack,could you tell me_for travelling this summer?(2014連云港，14) -We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan. A.where your

25、 family will go B.how will your family go C.how your family will go D.where will your family go 2. -Granny,the school trip was very exciting but a little tiring.(2014鎮(zhèn)江，15) -Oh,could you tell me _? A.how did you go to the park B.what you did in the trip C.that you saw something beautiful D.if your f

26、riends had played with you 3.-I dont understand _.(2014蘇州，13) -Im sorry but I was doing my homework. A.why you didnt watch the football match B.why didnt you watch the football game C.why you dont watch the football match D.why dont you watch the football game 4. -How long does it take to get t

27、o the airport?(2013無錫，8) -Forty minutes.But its foggy today.Im not sure _the highway will be closed soon.Lets set off earlier. A.whether B.when C.how D.why 5.-Do you know _now?（北京市） -In the People's Hotel A . where is Tom working B .where did Tom work C. where Tom is working D.where Tom worked 6

28、.-Tom, please tell me_. （2012徐州，14） -In Sunshine Second School. A. where will the match take place B. where the match will take place C. when will the match take place D. when the match will take place 7.-Did Mr White tell you_?（福州市） -Yes. He said he went there in 2003. A. when he traveled to Tibet

29、B. how he goes to Wuhan C. Where he spent his holidays D. why did he visit Kunming8. -Where do you think _he_the computer?（南京） -Sorry,I have no idea.A./;bought B.has ;bought C.did ;buy D.does; buy9.-Tell me_.（2013湖北武漢） -Well,its like.A.what is wrong with it B.what is it C.what the matter is with it

30、D.what is it like10.Our hometown has changed a lot these years.These pictures can show you _in the past.A.what our hometown looked like （2014黑龍江哈爾濱，15）B. what was our hometown likeC.how our hometown looked like11. -What did your parents think about your decision ?（2010無錫，3） -They always let me do _I

31、 think I should. A.when B.that C.how D.what 【三】填空題1.“These flowers are from Guangdong”he said.  He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong. 2. “Light travels faster than sound.”My teacher told me.&

32、#160; My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3. Where did she park her car? Do you know?  Do you know _ _ _ her car?4. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?  Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture? 5. We are sure that he _ (go) to school tomor