Unit 2 all the cabbie had was a letter

1、Welcome To My ClassWarm-up Activities In this unit we will learn something about friendship. So first of all, can you give a definition of the term “friend”? Or in other words, what kind of people you will call friends? Friend: In dictionary it says friend is person one likes and chooses to spend wi

2、verbs about friends and friendship lA friend is need is a friend indeed.lEverything is good when new, but friend when old.lFriendship multiplies joys and divides grieves.lFriendship is to be bought only by friendship.lA friend to all is a friend to none.lCompany in distress makes the sorrow le

3、ss.lFriends are the nearest relatives.Have you ever heard about a fair weather friend?Fair weather means fine weather; it is a good day with sunshine. It is breezing. There are no dark clouds, no flashlight, and no thunder. Then, a fair weather friend is one who is happy to stay with you when things

4、 are going well but leaves as soon as trouble arrives.Think CarefullyThen what is a true friend? What is the difference between a fair weather friend and a true friend?True FriendA true friend is one who will still stay with you when you find yourself in difficulty. And the American pop singer Dionn

5、e Warwick told us what friends are for in one of her songs titled thats what friends are for. Lets turn to page 275 to appreciate her song and think it over what friends are really for.Do you Know Dionne WarwickA Song For You Questions How often do you write to your friends? Can you give some reason

6、s for writing or not writing to your friends? (frequently, sometimes, seldom, rarely, never)Sometimes we put off writing letters because we think letters can wait until other matters are dealt with, or because we think a phone call will do instead. But sometimes, as you are to find in this text, we

7、may leave it too late to write, and letters are the best in expressing our innermost feelings.Halloween萬(wàn)圣節(jié)前夕萬(wàn)圣節(jié)：All Saints DayHalloween is celebrated annually. It is on the night of oct.31st, when people once believed that ghosts could be seen. Now, in Britain and America, it is a time when children

8、 have parties, dress up as witches, make lanterns out of pumpkins from which the inside has been removed, and play “trick or treat”. Trick or treat is a traditional activity at Halloween. Children dress in costumes and visit houses. At each house they say “trick or treat”. This means that they will

9、play a “trick”, or joke, on the people in the house unless they are given a “treat”, e.g. sweets or money. Most people prefer to give treats rather than having tricks played on them.HalloweenNew words and expressions available adj.可用的，有效的 (Syn. usable, obtainable)eg. We have already used up all the

10、available space. I am available in the afternoon.New words and expressions available 既可以做前置定語(yǔ)，又可做后置定 語(yǔ)：eg. all the available data 或 all the data available 一切可得到的數(shù)據(jù) New words and expressions apologetically adv.道歉地 apologetic adj.apology n. apologize/-ise vi.make an apology to sb for sth 向某人為某 事道歉expr

11、ess ones apology to sb 向某人表示 歉意apologize to sb for sthNew words and expressions estimate n.v. 估計(jì)，評(píng)價(jià) Overestimate 高估 Underestimate 低估eg.Bills personal riches were estimated at $10 million. 比爾的個(gè)人資產(chǎn)估計(jì)約一千萬(wàn)美圓。New words and expressions “estimate”和“evaluate”estimate 是對(duì)事物的數(shù)量或價(jià)值作一個(gè)粗略的計(jì)算，evaluate 是對(duì)事物的價(jià)值的整體好壞

12、作細(xì)致具體的評(píng)價(jià)。eg. They estimated the tree to be thirty feet high. We cannot evaluate people by their clothes.New words and expressions correspondence n. 對(duì)應(yīng)，信件eg. Any further correspondence should be sent to my new address. There is not much correspondence between his ideals and mine.correspond (to) vi. 對(duì)

13、應(yīng)，一致eg. The contents of the box must correspond to the description on the label.New words and expressionsbring into correspondence with 使 與相符合eg. we must bring our ideas into correspondence with the laws of the objective external world. 我們必須使自己的思想符合外界的客觀規(guī)律New words and expressions practically adv.幾乎

14、，簡(jiǎn)直 (Syn. almost, very nearly )eg. I know people who find it practically impossible to give up smoking. 實(shí)際上 (Syn. in practice) eg. There was practically one room in it, and the room was practically full. 里面實(shí)際上只有一個(gè)房間，而且這個(gè)房間幾乎滿(mǎn)了。 Practice, practise, practical, practicableNew words and expressions toug

15、h adj. 1堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的 strong 2困難的 difficult 3強(qiáng)硬的hard get tough with sb. 對(duì)某人強(qiáng)硬起來(lái)eg. Its time to get tough with football hooligans. 現(xiàn)在該對(duì)足球流氓采取強(qiáng)硬措施了。New words and expressions shrug v./n 聳肩 Shrug off 聳肩表示對(duì)不屑理睬eg. He shrugged off their criticism. 他對(duì)他們的批評(píng)不屑一顧。New words and expressions urge vt. 催促，力勸 N. 強(qiáng)烈愿望，激勵(lì)， 沖勁u

16、rge sb to do sth, =urge sb into doing sth eg. I urged my sister to take a year off to study drawing. 我力勸我妹妹抽出一年時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)畫(huà)畫(huà)。urge意為“敦促，請(qǐng)求”，后接從句時(shí)，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。eg. Bush urged America (should) fight against terrorism.urgent adj. an urgent call/letterurgency n. Call me in a matter of urgency.New words and expressio

17、ns postpone vt 推遲，延期=put offpostpone doing stheg. The couple had postponed having children to establish their careers. *delay 指因?yàn)橛龅阶璧K致使某事無(wú)定期的“延遲”。 或因?yàn)槭韬龆⒄`，拖延做某事。New words and expressions reference n.參考書(shū)目，推薦信（refer， referential， referee） refer 和reference 的共同用法是后面通常跟介詞to， 意為“提到，談到”eg. It was strange

18、that he made no reference to any work experience in his resume. His recent book makes references to the political events of those days. With reference to 關(guān)于，就而論eg. With reference to your recent letter, Im instructed to inform you that we cannot accept the offer. 關(guān)于你最近來(lái)信提及的報(bào)價(jià)，我謹(jǐn)向你奉告我們無(wú)法接受。 New words

19、and expressions absolutely adv. 完全地，絕對(duì)地，(Syn. totally and completely)absolute-absolutely 絕對(duì)的 relative - relatively 相對(duì)的eg. It is absolutely necessary to preview the text before class.New words and expressions union n.1聯(lián)邦，聯(lián)盟 (Syn. association) 2工會(huì)，協(xié)會(huì) eg. trade union工會(huì), student union 學(xué)生會(huì)New words and e

20、xpressions reunion n. 重聚，聯(lián)歡會(huì)eg. Before she went abroad for further study, the whole family had a big family reunion. The golf club holds an annual reunion。高爾夫俱樂(lè)部每年舉行年會(huì).New words and expressions mostly adv.幾乎全部地，大體 (Syn. mainly, nearly)eg. The guests at the wedding party are mostly friends of the bri

21、de. The words in the English tests are mostly new to me.New words and expressions awful adj.1令人畏懼的，可怕的 2極大的，非常的eg. I cant bear the awful smell of cigarette smoke.awfully adv. extremely veryeg. This summer was awfully hot.New words and expressions destination n. 目的地，目標(biāo) (Syn. goal, aim, objective) des

22、tine v. 命定-destiny 命運(yùn) 指定-destination 目的eg. Singapore is still our most popular holiday destination. The enemys attempt is destined to fail. These tourists are destined for Beijing. reach ones destination 到達(dá)目的地 leave for ones destination 動(dòng)身去目的地New words and expressions skip vi. 跳躍， vt. 略過(guò)，跳過(guò)eg. We wi

23、ll skip text B and go on with the exercises. Skipping breakfast will do damage to your health.New words and expressions unpack v. 打開(kāi)pack包裝-unpack 打開(kāi)（包裝）say說(shuō)出-unsay 收回（說(shuō)過(guò)的話(huà)）fold折疊-unfold 展開(kāi)load裝貨-unload 卸貨tie打結(jié)-untie開(kāi)結(jié)New words and expressions be lost in =lose oneself in: be absorbed in , be fully oc

24、cupied with 專(zhuān)心致志于 eg. Tom has lost himself in thought.= Tom has been lost in thought. 湯姆陷入了沉思。New words and expressions Be lost in 是lose oneself in 的被動(dòng)式。在英語(yǔ)中，有許多“動(dòng)詞+反身代詞+介詞”的形式，在“人”做主語(yǔ)是都可以轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤癰e+過(guò)去分詞+介詞”的形式: addict oneself to=be addicted to 沉溺于 adjust oneself to=be adjusted to 適應(yīng)于 charge oneself wit

25、h=be charged with承擔(dān)，負(fù)起責(zé)任 engage oneself in=be engaged in 從事于 indulge oneself in=be indulged in 沉迷于 dedicate oneself to=be dedicated in獻(xiàn)身于New words and expressionsor something 諸如此類(lèi)的事eg. Her name is Julia or Juliet of something. 她的名字是朱莉婭或朱莉葉或類(lèi)似的什么。New words and expressions go ahead: continue begin 繼續(xù)，

26、開(kāi)始 eg. I had no confidence to go ahead.我沒(méi)有足夠的信心開(kāi)始。 Go ahead 后經(jīng)常跟“with+名詞”的形式。 eg. The manager will be absent, but we will go ahead with the meeting anyway 經(jīng)理將缺席，但我們還是繼續(xù)開(kāi)會(huì)。 New words and expressions know/learn by heart: memorize, remember exactly 記住，能背出 eg. The girl learned the poem by heart.小女孩背會(huì)了那首

27、詩(shī)。 Know/learn by heart=keep/bear in mind eg. I will bear your advice in mind=I will learn your advice by heart. 我將記住你的忠告。New words and expressions at heart 內(nèi)心里，本質(zhì)上 by heart 用心記 in heart 心情好的 out of heart垂頭喪氣的New words and expressions not much of a不太好的eg. I dont think they have much of a future. 我認(rèn)為他

28、們沒(méi)有多大的前途。New words and expressions keep up: continue without stopping 保 持，維持eg. He keep up a correspondence with one of his old classmates. 他和一個(gè)老同學(xué)保持通信聯(lián)系。New words and expressions keep back 隱瞞，保留eg. You must not keep back anything you know. 你不應(yīng)該隱瞞你所知道的任何事New words and expressions Keep down 壓縮，壓制eg.

29、She couldnt keep down her anger at the sight of her husband dancing with a pretty young lady. 看見(jiàn)她的丈夫正在和一位年輕漂亮的女士跳舞，她再也無(wú)法壓制心中的怒火。New words and expressions keep off（使）不接近，（使）讓開(kāi)eg. Fire will keep off wild animals. 火會(huì)把野獸趕走。New words and expressions keep on 繼續(xù)，反復(fù)做eg. Dont keep on asking such silly questi

30、ons. 不要總是問(wèn)些愚蠢的問(wèn)題。New words and expressions keep to 遵守，堅(jiān)持eg. Keep to every promise you have made to others. 一定要遵守對(duì)他人許下的諾言。New words and expressions kind of/ sort of: a little, in some way or degree 有幾分，有點(diǎn)兒eg. Its kind of late to begin now.現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始有點(diǎn)晚。 a kind of 一種，一類(lèi) kind of 有幾分，有點(diǎn)兒 of a kind 相同種類(lèi)的eg. Ro

31、se is a kind of flower. I kind of like him. They are two of a kindboth unreliable. New words and expressions lose touch with 和keep in touch with eg. I lost touch with my former classmates after graduation. The pop singer still kept in touch with his fans while staying in the hospital.New words and e

32、xpressions on ones mind惦記，掛記在心eg. This travel plan has been on my mind all week. The failure in the English examination was still on his mind.New words and expressions come up（尤指意想不到的）發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)eg. A light breeze came up. 突然吹起了一陣微風(fēng)。 “Sorry, I am late-something came up at home.” New words and expressions

33、go by (時(shí)間)過(guò)去eg. Her daughter was becoming more and more beautiful as the years went by. As time goes by, things will be better.New words and expressions hang out1閑蕩，徘徊 2掛出，伸出 eg. He often hung out in coffee bars while he was unemployed. It rained the moment I hung out my washing.New words and expres

34、sions every now and then有時(shí)，時(shí)常，不時(shí) eg. John comes to visit me every now and then. Every now and then I have a desire to quit my tedious job.New words and expressions choke up1哽咽地說(shuō)不出話(huà)來(lái) 2堵塞eg. He choked up and couldnt finish his speech. During the rush hour roads are usually choked up with traffic.New w

35、ords and expressions in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處eg. A ship could be seen in the distance.at a distance 以一定的距離，在稍遠(yuǎn)處eg. The picture looks better at a distance.這幅畫(huà)遠(yuǎn)看比較好看。New words and expressions right away 立即，馬上eg. I will find you a hotel right away. He has got a high fever and should go to see a doctor right away.Text AnalysisThe story is, to a large extent, built around the letter. If you pay speci