備戰(zhàn)2011中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)資料-代詞+答案(共13頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上備戰(zhàn)2010中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)資料 代詞 1、代詞的分類(lèi)：英語(yǔ)中代詞分為：人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞等等。2、人稱(chēng)代詞：人稱(chēng)代詞代替人和事物的名稱(chēng),分為主格和賓格兩種形式。第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)第二人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)陽(yáng)性陰性中性主格I(我)you (你)he(他)she(她)it(它)we(我們)you(你們)they (他們,她們,它們)賓格me(我)you (你)him(他)her(她)it(她)us(我們)you(你們)them (他們,她們,它們)1、主格用來(lái)作句子的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。如：

2、I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去購(gòu)物) / Are they from Brazil?(他們是巴西人嗎？) / Where have they gone?(他們上哪兒去了？) / Thats it.(就那么回事) / Its he!(是他！)2、賓格用來(lái)作及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞的賓語(yǔ)。如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年誰(shuí)教你們的英語(yǔ)？) / Help me!(救救我！) / We often write letters to her.(我們常給他寫(xiě)信)3、人稱(chēng)代詞作表語(yǔ)或者放在比較狀語(yǔ)從句連詞than或as之后時(shí)

3、,可以用主格形式,也可以用賓格形式,口語(yǔ)中大多用賓格。如：-Who is it?(是誰(shuí)？) Its I/me.(是我。)4、 三個(gè)不同人稱(chēng)同時(shí)出現(xiàn),或者主語(yǔ)中包含“我”時(shí),按照“youheI”的順序表達(dá)。如：Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家電腦公司上班) Who will go there?(誰(shuí)要去那兒？) You and me.(你和我)5、 人稱(chēng)代詞it除了可以指人指物之外,還可以表示“時(shí)間、天氣、溫度、距離、情況”等含義,此外還可以作“非人稱(chēng)代詞”使用,替代作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)的不定式、動(dòng)名詞或者名詞性從句。

4、如：-Whats the weather like today?Its fine. / -Whats the time? Its 12：00. / Its a long way to go. / It took him three days to clean his house. / It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space./ We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.3、物主代詞：說(shuō)明事物所屬關(guān)系的

5、代詞,分為形容詞性和名詞性?xún)煞N。第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)復(fù) 數(shù)第二人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)陽(yáng)性陰性中性形容詞性my(我的)your(你的)his(他的)her(她的)its(它的)our(我們的)your(你們的)their (他們的,她們的,它們的)名詞性mine(我的)Yours(你的)his(他的)hers(她的)its(她的)ours(我們的)yours(你們的)theirs(他們的,她們的,它們的)1、形容詞性物主代詞只能作句子中名詞的修飾語(yǔ),后面要跟名詞。如：Is that your umbrella? / I often go to see my aunt on

6、Sundays. / They are their books.2、名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞,既代替事物又表明所屬關(guān)系,在句子中往往獨(dú)立地作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ),后面千萬(wàn)不可以跟名詞。如：This is your cup,but where is mine? / Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.3、“of + 名詞性物主代詞”稱(chēng)為雙重所有格,作定語(yǔ)時(shí)放在名詞的后面。如：A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. 試比較 My friend came to see me yester

7、day. (指我的那個(gè)特定的朋友來(lái)看我。)4、反身代詞：表示謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)有關(guān)或者賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作與賓語(yǔ)有關(guān)。第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)第二人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)陽(yáng)性陰性中性myself(我自己)yourself(你自己)himself(他自己)herself(她自己)itself(它自己)ourselves(我們自己)yourselves(你們自己)themselves (他們/她們/它們自己)1、反身代詞在句子中作賓語(yǔ)表示反射(指一個(gè)動(dòng)作回到該動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者本身)。如：Dont play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.2、

8、在句子中作同位語(yǔ)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)(即用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞或代詞的語(yǔ)氣)。如：The story itself is good. Only he didnt tell it well.6、 指示代詞： 指示說(shuō)明近處或者遠(yuǎn)處、上文或者下文、以前或者現(xiàn)在的人或事物。單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)含義this(這個(gè))these(這些)指較近的人和物that(那個(gè))those(那些)指較遠(yuǎn)的人和物such (這樣的人/物)指上文提過(guò)的人和物same (同樣的人/物)指和上文提過(guò)的相同的人和物it (這人/這物)指不太清楚是誰(shuí)或者是什么時(shí)指示代詞既可以單獨(dú)使用做句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),也可以作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞。如：Whats this? / Th

9、at model plane is made of plastic. (被動(dòng)句) / Remember never to do such things. / Do the same as the teacher tells you. / -Who is it? -Its me!6、關(guān)系代詞：用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的代詞叫關(guān)系代詞,參見(jiàn)后面的定語(yǔ)從句。1、關(guān)系代詞who 、which、 that 、whom 等,將定語(yǔ)從句和主句連接起來(lái)。英語(yǔ)中的關(guān)系代詞一方面在從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分,另一方面又起連接作用。 如：The student who is drawing a picture is in Gra

10、de One.2、關(guān)系代詞who / whom指人,如果作從句的賓語(yǔ),則有時(shí)省略。如：Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat? 3、關(guān)系代詞which 指物,如果作從句的賓語(yǔ),則有時(shí)省略。如：Have you found the book which you lost several days ago?4、關(guān)系代詞that既可指人也可指物,如果作從句的賓語(yǔ),則有時(shí)省略。如：Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river bank ?7、連接代詞：用來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句

11、的連接詞稱(chēng)連接代詞。 英語(yǔ)中連接代詞主要有：what(什么),who(誰(shuí)),whom(誰(shuí)),which(哪個(gè)),whose(誰(shuí)的)。詳見(jiàn)相應(yīng)從句。8、不定代詞：代替或修飾不特指的人或事物的代詞叫不定代詞。單數(shù)含義someanynonone/each(every)oneeither,neithersothe other,another復(fù)合不定代詞不可數(shù)含義muchlittle,a littleall/復(fù)數(shù)含義manyfew,a fewonesbothothers,the others 注：復(fù)合不定代詞有12個(gè)：something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), a

12、nything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(沒(méi)事),nobody(沒(méi)有人), no one(沒(méi)有人), everything(一切), everyone(每個(gè)人), everybody(每個(gè)人). (1)some和 any 的用法：some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“幾個(gè)”、“一些”、“某個(gè)”作定語(yǔ)時(shí)可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。如：I have some work to do today. / They will go there some day. some 用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí),表建議、請(qǐng)求或希望得到肯定回答。如：Would you like s

13、ome coffee with sugar?any 一般用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一個(gè)”,作定語(yǔ)時(shí)可修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。如：They didnt have any friends here. / Have you got any questions to ask?any 用于肯定句時(shí),意思是“任何的”。Come here with any friend.(2)no和none的用法：no是形容詞,只能作定語(yǔ)表示,意思是“沒(méi)有”,修飾可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù))或不可數(shù)名詞。如：There is no time left. Please hurry up. / They had

14、no reading books to lend.none只能獨(dú)立使用,在句子中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ),意思是“沒(méi)有一個(gè)人(或事物)”,表示復(fù)數(shù)或單數(shù)。如：None of them is/are in the classroom)/ I have many books, but none is interesting. (3)all和both的用法：all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用來(lái)代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞；也可用來(lái)代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。both指兩個(gè)人或物,用來(lái)代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞。all和both在句子中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。如：I know all of the four British

15、students in their school. / -Would you like this one or that one? Both.all和both既可以修飾名詞(all/both+(the)+名詞),也可以獨(dú)立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名詞(復(fù)數(shù))”的形式,其中的of 可以省略。如：All (of) (the) boys are naughty.(4)every和each用法：every是形容詞,只能作定語(yǔ)修飾單數(shù)名詞,意思是“每一個(gè)”,表示整體概念；each是形容詞、代詞,可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等,意思是“每個(gè)”或者“各個(gè)”,表示單個(gè)概念；each可以放在

16、名詞前,可以后跟of短語(yǔ),與動(dòng)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)時(shí)要放在“be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”之后或者行為動(dòng)詞之前every和each都用作單數(shù)理解,但是下文中既可以用單數(shù)的代詞(如he/him/his)也可以用復(fù)數(shù)的代詞(如they/them/their)替代。如：Every one of the students in his class studies very hard.(他班上每個(gè)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)都很用功) / They are very busy. Each of them has something to do.(他們很忙,人人都有事干) (5)either和neither的用法：either意思是“兩

17、個(gè)中間的任何一個(gè)”；neither是either的否定形式,意思是“兩個(gè)都不”。neither和either在句子中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等,都用作單數(shù)。如：I dont care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do. / -Will you go there by bus or by car? Neither. I will go there by train.(6)other、the other和another的用法：other意思是“另一”、“另一些”,有復(fù)數(shù)形式。在句子中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。another意思是“另外”、“

18、又一個(gè)”,表示增加,在句中可作賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。如： Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking./ You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one? / I want another four books.another(另外的,再一,又一)與the other(另外的一個(gè)) 主要從數(shù)量上區(qū)分,只有兩個(gè)時(shí)用the other,在原先基礎(chǔ)上增加用another。如： This is one o

19、f your socks. Where is the other one? / I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.others與the others的主要區(qū)別：others指“剩余的人/物”(指大部分)；the others指“其余的人/物”,(指全部)。如：A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them./ Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them.(7

20、)many和much的用法：many意思是“很多”,與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用；much意思是“很多”,與不可數(shù)名詞連用。它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等。如：I dont have many friends here.(在這里我沒(méi)有很多的朋友。) /Many died in the bus accident.(許多人在公交車(chē)禍中喪失) / We can learn much with the help of him.(在他的幫助之下我們能學(xué)到很多) many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of; many / much用于肯定句時(shí)可以在前面加上so、very或

21、too.如： There are a lot of people on the playground./ They havent got much work to do. / There are too many people in the room.(8)few、little、a few、a little的用法：few、little意思是“很少幾個(gè)”、“幾乎沒(méi)有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有幾個(gè)”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ；few、a few與可數(shù)名詞連用或代替可數(shù)的事物, little、a little與不可數(shù)名詞連用或代替不可數(shù)的事物。它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和

22、定語(yǔ)。如：He is very poor and he has little money. / Dont worry. There is still a little time left./ In that polar region there live few people. / You can get a few sweets from him.(9)復(fù)合不定代詞somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 構(gòu)成的,叫做復(fù)合不定代詞,在

23、句子中當(dāng)單數(shù)使用。somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中；anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中。修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的定語(yǔ),應(yīng)放在它們的后面。如：Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door. /Di d you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?/He has nothing much to do today. (10)one與ones用來(lái)代替上文的一個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物,前面可以加冠詞、形容詞、指示代詞、whi

24、ch等。如： Which jacket would you like, this one or that one? / I dont like the green ones. (11)so可以代替一件事情,作句子的賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如： I dont think so. / He lost a book. So did I. (12)a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of的區(qū)別：五個(gè)“名詞+介詞”短語(yǔ)都表示“大量,許多”,a lot of(或lots of)既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)

25、名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,可以相應(yīng)地?fù)Q為much和many；plenty of“足夠、大量”,既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 a number of / large numbers of只可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式(它修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式)可以換為some、many、a lot of、plenty of。 a great deal of只可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞(它修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式)可以換為much。如：A lot of people think that time is money. / I dont have to do it in a hurry because

26、 I have plenty of time. / I have a number of letters to write today. / I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping. (13)none、no one、nobody的區(qū)別：no one和nobody都表示“沒(méi)有人”,僅指人,后面不跟of 短語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式；none表示“沒(méi)有一個(gè)人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)。如：No one knows how he managed to get the ticket. / Nobody

27、 handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday. / None of my friends came to see me that day.9、相互代詞：表示相互關(guān)系的詞叫相互代詞。each other ,one another是相互代詞,譯成“互相”,可以通用。each other表示兩者之間,而one anther表示許多人之間。它們有所有格形式each others ,one anothers。如： We must help each other when we are in trouble.(我們身處困境時(shí)要互相幫助。) / They sat

28、 there without talking to one another / each other.(他們坐在那兒,互相都不說(shuō)話。)10、疑問(wèn)代詞：用來(lái)提出問(wèn)題的代詞稱(chēng)為疑問(wèn)代詞。1、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中,一般放在句首?？谡Z(yǔ)中也常用who代替whom作賓語(yǔ),但在介詞后則只能用whom。如：Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party? / What does she want to be when she grows up?2、who 和whom

29、只能獨(dú)立使用,其中who可以作句子的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),whom只能作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)；而what、which、whose等既可以獨(dú)立使用作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),也可以與名詞構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)短語(yǔ)。如： Who is that man? / What colour are their hats? / Which car was made in Germany?(被動(dòng)句) 注意這個(gè)提問(wèn)：The man in the car is my father.Which man is your father?3、which除了可以詢(xún)問(wèn)指代的情況之外,還可以針對(duì)說(shuō)明人物的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、歲數(shù)、顏色、大小、狀況等進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。如

30、：People there live a very sad life.Which people live a sad life? / -Which hotel have you booked for your holiday?The biggest one in Haikou.4、疑問(wèn)代詞不分單復(fù)數(shù),視它所替代的人或事物決定單復(fù)數(shù),但是通常用單數(shù)；如果修飾名詞,則以名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。如：Who is (are) in that playhouse? / What is that? / What are those? / What colours do they have?(二) 正誤辨析誤To

31、m's mother is taller than my.正Tom's mother is taller than mine.析形容詞性物主代詞可以作定語(yǔ)，也就是講它可以作形容詞，如：my book，而這句話的意思是：湯姆的媽媽比我的媽媽高。比較的對(duì)象是my mother,也就是mine。誤We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish them.正We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or thre

32、e hours to finish it.析在應(yīng)用代詞時(shí)，要注意人稱(chēng)，格與數(shù)的一致性。這里it所代替的是不可數(shù)名詞homework， 所以應(yīng)用it。誤He and you should go to the library to return the books.正You and he should go to the library to return the books.析這主要是英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣上的用法。當(dāng)兩個(gè)以上的人稱(chēng)代詞并列時(shí)其排列順序一般為you, he, she, I,而復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)為we, you， they:如男女并列時(shí)，應(yīng)先男后女，如：He and she 如果在表示不好意思，承擔(dān)責(zé)任時(shí)，

33、單數(shù)時(shí)用，I, he, she, you, 復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用They, you， we, 如：Tom and I are good friends.You, he and I must go to play the game for our team this afternoon.We, you and they have been there before.I, he and you have to pay for it.誤He or his brother is doing their homework.正He or his brother is doing his homework.析由eith

34、eror, neithernor, or 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果兩主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)時(shí)，用單數(shù)代詞，如兩主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)代詞，如：Either teachers or students want to do their best to help the old man.如是一單一復(fù)兩名詞時(shí)，一般將單數(shù)名詞放在前，復(fù)數(shù)名詞放在后，要用復(fù)數(shù)代詞，如：The teacher or his students will clean their classroom together.誤His brother is taller than him.正His brother is taller than he.析t

35、han是連詞，其后應(yīng)視為省略句，than he is.所以要注意區(qū)分其主格與賓格的用法。I like you as much as she.正I like you as much as her.析asas 其后也應(yīng)看作是省略句。應(yīng)為as I like her.所以應(yīng)用賓格。而第一句應(yīng)譯為我像她那樣喜歡你。兩句語(yǔ)法都是對(duì)的但含義不同。誤Myself did it yesterday.正I myself did it yesterday.正I did it myself yesterday.析反身代詞不可作主語(yǔ)，但可以用作主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。誤Take care of ourselves.正Take c

36、are of yourselves .(yourself)析祈始句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)看作第二人稱(chēng)you.誤Please bring your daughter with yourself.正Please bring your daughter with you.析反身代詞不能作介詞賓語(yǔ)，除非是由不及物動(dòng)詞與介詞組成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，如： The old woman spoke to herself.誤Make yourself home.正Make yourself at home.析這是英語(yǔ)中的習(xí)慣用法，意為“像在家里一樣”。這樣的用法還有：enjoy oneself 玩得開(kāi)心make yourself a

37、t home 像在家中一樣help yourself to something 自己拿某物lost oneself 迷路seat oneself 就坐dress oneself 穿衣誤Who's this speaking.That's Mary.正Who's that speaking.This is Mary.析在電話用語(yǔ)中，this指講話人自己，而that指對(duì)方。誤The days in summer are longer than this in winter.正The days in summer are longer than those in winter

38、.析在比較句中往往為了避免重復(fù)，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是單數(shù)時(shí)用that,復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用those，如：The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Chang Chun.誤It is so a good book that everyone likes to read.正It is such a good book that everyone likes to read.正It is so good a book that everyone likes to read.析在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)可用so+形容詞+不定冠詞+名詞+tha

39、t從句，也可用such+不定冠詞+形容詞+that從句。在不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，只用such, 如：It is such good weather that I want to go swimming. They are such good books that I want to buy them all.在many, much, few, little這4個(gè)詞前僅能用so,如： She has so much money that she can buy everything she wants.而在so與that之間僅存形容詞時(shí)，則不能用such,如:She is so sweet

40、 that everyone likes her.誤I want to buy a same dictionary as yours.正I want to buy the same dictionary as yours.析same與定冠詞the是固定搭配不可更改。這樣的用法還有all the same(仍然)。誤I hope she might pass the exam.I don't hope so.正I hope she might pass the exam.I hope not.析在作肯定回答時(shí)，I think so. I hope so. I believe so.但作否

41、定回答時(shí)為：I don't think so. I hope/believe not.誤He studied very hard this term. So she did.正 He studied very hard this term. So did she.誤 English is difficult to learn. So is it.正 English is difficult to learn. So it is.析在對(duì)話中如果某一動(dòng)作同時(shí)適用于兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)在答語(yǔ)中要用縮寫(xiě)且要用倒裝句。如第一組句，即studied hard既適用于he,也適用于she.但答語(yǔ)僅僅是對(duì)前

42、句的重復(fù)，即僅僅是第一句的縮寫(xiě)時(shí)則不要用倒裝句。如第二組句子為：英語(yǔ)難學(xué)。答語(yǔ)為：是的，難學(xué)。這時(shí)縮寫(xiě)的答語(yǔ)不要用倒裝句。誤Everyone should do one's best.正Everyone should do his best.析one作代詞時(shí)，它的復(fù)數(shù)形式是ones,所有格形式是one's，反身代詞為oneself.如果講One should do one's best.則是對(duì)句。如果one與別的詞組成其他詞，如： someone, anyone, everyone或only one 則要用his/her，來(lái)作其所有格形式。誤 Who won the g

43、ame? None.正 Who won the game? No one.析由who提問(wèn)的句子的否定回答中的簡(jiǎn)略說(shuō)法是no one,而由How many提問(wèn)的句子的否定回答中的簡(jiǎn)略語(yǔ)是None.如：How many books are there? None.誤There are many trees on either sides of the street.正There are many trees on either side of the street.正There are many trees on both sides of the street.析either作代詞時(shí)由兩個(gè)含意，

44、其一是兩者中隨便哪一個(gè)，如：You can take either.其二是兩者中的每一個(gè)。但要注意的是either后要加單數(shù)名詞，如果作主語(yǔ)則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式。誤Either you or I are right.正Either you or I am right.析在eitheror,或neithernor連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與和其相近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)相配。誤I have three sisters. Neither of them is a doctor.正I have three sisters. None of them is a doctor.析neither用于兩者中無(wú)一是

45、，而none則用于多于兩者中的人或事物無(wú)一是。誤He doesn't like Beijing opera. I don't like too.正He doesn't like Beijing opera, I don't like either.析either作為“也”講時(shí)，要用于否定句中，而too則用于肯定句中。誤We like both this little boy.正We both like this little boy.析both作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，它在句中的位置有：在be動(dòng)詞之后，如：We are both students.在實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前，如：The

46、parents both want to go to the cinema.用于第一助動(dòng)詞之后，如：We have both read these English novels.使用時(shí)要注意以下句子的實(shí)際含意：Both of us are not right.應(yīng)譯為：我們倆不都對(duì)。Neither of us is right.才應(yīng)譯為：我倆都不對(duì)。又如：I can't give you both of the books.意為：兩本書(shū)我不能全給你，而I can't give you either of the books.才為：兩本書(shū)我全不能給你。誤We each has a

47、ticket for the concert.正We each have a ticket for the concert.析each作句子主語(yǔ)時(shí)其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式，如：Each of us wants to learn English well，但each作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，則應(yīng)以原名詞的數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。誤Every of us has to pass the exam.正Each of us has to pass the exam.析every只可作形容詞，不可作代詞，而each既可作形容詞，又可作代詞，在作形容詞時(shí)each側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，而every 則側(cè)重于全體。誤Everyone of us s

48、hould do housework two hours a day.正Every one of us should do housework two hours a day.析everyone不可與of結(jié)構(gòu)相連接使用，而every one則可以這樣用。誤I should read English everyday.正I should read English every day.析要注意的是every day是“每天”，而everyday則是形容詞為“日常的”。如：everyday English日常英語(yǔ)，everyday life日常生活。誤There are trees on every

49、 sides of the street.正There are trees on each side of the street. 析every用于三者或三者以上的每一個(gè)，而each用于二者或二者以上的每一個(gè)。因?yàn)榻值乐挥袃蓚?cè)，所以只能用each而不能用every.誤All my parents are engineers.正Both my parents are engineers.析all用于三者或三者以上的全部，而both 則用于兩者的全部。誤All of students might make some mistakes.正All of the students might make

50、some mistakes.正All students might make some mistakes.析非特指的名詞前可用all但不可用all of結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是講all of結(jié)構(gòu)后面的名詞前一定要有定冠詞。其他與all有關(guān)的習(xí)慣用法還有：all the year round, all week, all day, all winter誤The all village was flooded.正All the village was flooded.析all作修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)要用在所有修飾詞之前。誤The post office is on other side of the street.正The

51、 post office is on the other side of the street.析單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞如在泛指某一個(gè)時(shí)用another,而特指時(shí)則要用the other,因街道只有兩邊，而不在這邊必定是在另一邊，所以要用特指。請(qǐng)參考下表的用法以便于記憶。 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 泛指 another形容詞 作定語(yǔ) 作名詞 another代詞 other others 特指 the other形容詞 the other代詞 the other the others 誤There are ten students here Where are the others students?正There ar

52、e ten students here.Where are the others?正There are ten students here Where are the other students?析the others=the other students.誤The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, another is a doctor.正The old man has two sons. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.析another用于泛指，如：Is it far from here to

53、the station?I'm sorry. I have no idea. One may say it is quite near; another may say it is far from here.但在特指時(shí)則要用the other.它可以用作定語(yǔ)，the other one,也可以用作代詞the other,但the other用作代詞時(shí)它的含意一定是單數(shù)。如果指三者或者三者以上的情況時(shí)，則要用oneanotherthe other.或者onea secondthe third誤Some people like sports. The others like readin

54、g.正Some people like sports. Others like reading.析在泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前用someothersothers來(lái)表示某些人某些人某些人。誤Please remember to water the flowers each other day.正Please remember to water the flowers every other day.析every other day為每隔一天。是習(xí)慣用法，不要隨意改動(dòng)。又如：on the other hand另一方面。誤Many know him， but few likes him.正Many know

55、him, but few like him.析few用于可數(shù)名詞，意為幾乎沒(méi)有，但few作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，而a few為有一些。誤You have few friends, haven't you?正You have few friends, have you?析little與few用于句中時(shí)，均要按否定句看待。誤Much of what you said are true.正Much of what you said is true.析much用于不可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。而many用于可數(shù)名詞，它作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。誤This room is enough large for the students to live in.正This room is large enough for the students to live in.析enough 可以用作代詞，如：There is enough of the food. 又如：Enough has been done for the work，但enough 還可以作形容詞來(lái)修飾名詞，這時(shí)enough可以放在名詞之前，也可放在名詞之后，如：money