利咽止咳沖劑對(duì)小鼠免疫功能的影響及抗炎作用的實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察

1、利咽止咳沖劑對(duì)小鼠免疫功能的影響及抗炎作用的實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察提要采用中藥利咽止咳沖劑(自擬方)治療慢性咽炎獲得顯著療效。實(shí)驗(yàn)在臨床治療的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合慢性咽炎的發(fā)病機(jī)理，對(duì)該藥的免疫調(diào)節(jié)和消炎作用進(jìn)行探討。結(jié)果顯示：該藥對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物具有明顯的免疫調(diào)節(jié)及顯著的抗炎作用。關(guān)鍵詞利咽止咳沖劑免疫調(diào)節(jié)抗炎EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATION OF THE IMMUNOLOGICFUNCTION AND ANTI-INFLAMMATION OF GRANULE PREPAR-ATION FOR RELIEVING SORE-THROAT AND COUGH IN RATSYan QingmingSun Y

2、iyiWei DongLian NanZhang JunCao JungaoWang ZhaoDing Yan(Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Military Command General HospitalChengdu 610083)ABSTRACTChronic pharyngitis was treated with our own granule preparation for relieving sore-throat and cough. Significant curative effects were

3、obtained. On the basis of clinical treatment and in combination with the pathogenesis of chronic pharyngitis, the immunoregulation and anti-inflammation of this drug were discussed. The results showed that this drug was of significant immunoregulation and anti-inflammation to experimental animals.Ke

4、y WordsGranule preparation for relieving sore throat and coughImmunoregulationAnti-inflammation慢性咽炎是一種常見(jiàn)多發(fā)病，多數(shù)由急性炎癥反復(fù)發(fā)作或因煙酒、辛辣氣味和有害氣體等的刺激而發(fā)病。臨床癥狀常表現(xiàn)為咽部不適(如干、癢、痛、異物及痰附著感)，干咳等癥狀。而干咳是慢性咽炎最常見(jiàn)的癥狀，其特點(diǎn)為咽部刺癢、劇咳，甚者咳則尿遺。中醫(yī)稱(chēng)為“頑咳”。西醫(yī)常采用抗菌加局部治療的方法。但療效不佳。為此，特用滋陰補(bǔ)腎，疏風(fēng)利咽的方法，以利咽止咳沖劑為治療組，螺旋霉素為對(duì)照組，對(duì)165例咽炎咳嗽患者進(jìn)行了臨床療效觀察

5、。結(jié)果治療組總有效率75%(對(duì)咽炎咳嗽有效率達(dá)93%)，對(duì)照組有效率為50%，兩組比較有顯著性差異(P0.01)1。為探討該藥的作用機(jī)理，特進(jìn)行了以下實(shí)驗(yàn)。1材料與方法1.1材料昆明種小白鼠，體重1822 g，兼用。利咽止咳沖劑(自制)內(nèi)含玄參、蟬衣等十余種中藥(按配方量組成)，煎熬三次混合后再濃縮成1 000 g/50 ml；生理鹽水(自制)。1.2實(shí)驗(yàn)方法與結(jié)果1.2.1分組將80只小鼠隨機(jī)分為四組，每組20只，對(duì)照組()用同體積生理鹽水ig；兩個(gè)不同劑量(15、20 g/kg)給藥組(、)用利咽止咳煎劑每日ig給藥；組于三天前每日用氨水刺激引起小鼠咳嗽，然后用利咽止咳煎劑按每日20 g/

6、kg體重ig給藥。四個(gè)組均給藥7 d。1.2.2血清溶血素測(cè)定于小鼠末次給藥后24 h摘眼取血，分離血清，測(cè)定各組溶血素抗體水平，比較各組HC50，并進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)處理。由表1可見(jiàn)，利咽止咳沖劑能明顯增強(qiáng)小鼠血清溶血素含量，同時(shí)提高用氨水刺激引起咳嗽小鼠血清溶血素含量。表1利咽止咳沖劑對(duì)小鼠溶血素抗體生成的影響Table 1The effects of granule preparation for relieving sore-throat and cough on hemolysin antibody formation in rats (s)GroupsDosage (g/kg)HC50P1

7、528872208341240.01208421310.01207171360.011.2.3小鼠碳糖廓清試驗(yàn)?zāi)┐谓o藥30 min后，于小鼠尾靜脈注射印度墨0.1 ml/10 g，給藥后1.5 min于雙眼眶后靜脈叢取血20 l，溶于2 ml 0.1 mol/L Na2CO3溶液中搖勻，于751分光光度計(jì)680 nm處比色，測(cè)定吸光度(A)。再將小鼠頸椎脫臼處死，分別稱(chēng)取肝、脾重量，計(jì)算廓清指數(shù)K。由表2可知，利咽止咳沖劑能顯著提高小鼠的巨噬細(xì)胞吞噬功能，同時(shí)提高用氨水連續(xù)刺激引起咳嗽小鼠巨噬細(xì)胞的吞噬功能。 表2利咽止咳沖劑對(duì)RES吞噬細(xì)胞功能的影響(s)Table 2The effects

8、 of granule preparation for relieving sore-throat and cough on RES phagocytic functionGroupsDosagePhagocytic index KPhagocytic activity X0.07470.00437.21080.175115g/kg0.16730.0098*9.10370.2243*20g/kg0.17520.0103*9.09780.3402*20g/kg0.14340.0110*9.98540.4738*1.2.4小鼠耳廓二甲苯致炎試驗(yàn)取小鼠60只，隨機(jī)分為三組，各20只，為對(duì)照組，、為給

9、藥組，實(shí)驗(yàn)用藥及給藥劑量同“1.2.1”。末次給藥后12 h，于各組小鼠右耳涂以二甲苯0.05 ml/只，左耳對(duì)照，14 min后處死動(dòng)物，用直徑為5 nm的打孔器將雙耳同部位等面積切下，用扭力天平分別稱(chēng)重，以左、右耳片重量之差為腫脹程度，求出腫脹抑制率。由表3可知，利咽止咳沖劑能明顯抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓腫脹。表明其具有明顯的抗炎作用。 表3利咽止咳沖劑對(duì)二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓腫脹的影響Table 3The effects of granule preparation for relieving sore-throat and cough on swelling of auricle due t

10、o dimethylhenzene in ratsGroupsDosageSwelling(mg)(s)Inhibitory rateP16.45.715g/kg9.52.958%0.0120g/kg9.33.1556%0.012討論慢性咽炎及咽炎引起的咳嗽，中西藥療效不理想。利咽止咳沖劑臨床證明對(duì)慢性咽炎的治療有效率達(dá)75%，對(duì)咽炎咳嗽有效率超過(guò)93%1。以上實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，利咽止咳沖劑能明顯提高給藥小鼠巨噬細(xì)胞的吞噬率和吞噬指數(shù)?，F(xiàn)代免疫學(xué)研究表明，巨噬細(xì)胞不僅參與特異性免疫，而且也參與非特異性免疫，能吞噬病源體使感染中止。為進(jìn)一步探討該藥增強(qiáng)免疫功能的機(jī)理，實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)小鼠溶血素、抗體的影響進(jìn)行了觀察，結(jié)果表明，該藥能明顯增強(qiáng)小鼠血清溶血素含量，能使IgM含量明顯增加。這一作用可能與利咽止咳沖劑中的滋陰藥物有關(guān)1。故認(rèn)為調(diào)節(jié)免疫功能可能是該藥療效的藥理基礎(chǔ)，其抗炎作用可能