譯林版九年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)Unit8Detectivestories單詞用法講解-

1、譯林版九年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)Unit 8 Detective stories 單詞用法講解-Unit 8 Detective stories單詞辨析1. clue 的含義及用法:線索,跡象,提示?！咀⒁狻縞lue 常與 to 搭配使用,構(gòu)成clue to sth; 如 : There is no clue to the identity of the thief.沒(méi)有確定竊賊身份的線索。練習(xí)：Detective Lu is checking the scene of the crime some clues identity of the killer.A. for; forB. for; toC.

2、to;toD. to;for解析： B2. missing adj. 缺少的；丟失的【注意】區(qū)分學(xué)習(xí):gone;lost 和 missing:gonegone 表示 “丟了 ,沒(méi)了”, 含有一去不復(fù)返的意味,在句中可作表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ),但不能做定語(yǔ)。如: My fever is gone,but I still have a cough.我的已經(jīng)退了,但還有些咳嗽。She looked down at her dress and found he necklace gone.她低頭看了一下自己的衣服,發(fā)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)鏈不見(jiàn)了。lostlost 表示 “丟失 ”, 含有失去后難以回歸的意味,在句中可作定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)

3、和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如 : The parents found the lost child at last.這對(duì)父母親終于找到了丟失的孩子。His elder brother was lost at sea.他的哥哥在海里失蹤了。missingmissing 表示 “失蹤了,不見(jiàn)了”, 強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某物不在原處,在句中可作定語(yǔ),表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。如: My Japanese-Chinese dictionary is missing.我的日漢詞典不見(jiàn)了。 The police are trying their best to find the missing school-girl.警方正在盡力尋找這個(gè)失蹤的女

4、生。詞組 go missing 的含義:不見(jiàn),丟失。【拓展】 go 可用作連系動(dòng)詞,意為“變成 ”、 “處于 狀態(tài) ”, 后接形容詞,而且多指不好的變化。如 : The food has gone bad. 食物變質(zhì)了。I can't understand how I went wrong. 我搞不清是怎么走錯(cuò)路的。His face went red with anger. 他氣得滿臉通紅。What can be done in order to make sure that no one in the world goes hung?為了確保沒(méi)有人挨餓,人們可以做些什么呢?練習(xí)： (

5、1)The necklace made the police and its owner .A. gone; puzzled B. missing; puzzled C. missing; puzzling D. lost; puzzling(2) My dictionary .I have looked for it everywhere, but still it.A. is lost; don't findB. is missing; don t findC. has lost; haven't found D. is missing; haven't found

6、(3)我的日記不見(jiàn)了,我到處找也沒(méi)有找到My diary .I have but I can't find it.解析 :BD;go missing;looked for it everywhere3. guilty 的含義及用法:adj.犯罪的,有罪的,心虛的。guiltybe guilty of sth. 犯了罪:有過(guò)失的;有罪責(zé)的。如 : He is guilty of murder. 他犯了謀殺罪?！就卣埂縝e guilty about sth. 感到內(nèi)疚的;感到慚愧的如： I felt guilty about not visiting my parents more oft

7、en.我因沒(méi)有常去看望父母而感到內(nèi)疚?！咀⒁狻空?qǐng)注意學(xué)習(xí)guilty 的比較等級(jí)形式為guiltier; guiltiest 或 more guilty ； most guilty,但是more guilty 和 most guilty 更常見(jiàn): guilty 的副詞形式為:guiltily ；其名詞形式為guilt, 如 : a sense of guilt 內(nèi)疚感練習(xí)： (1) Though the murderer is guilty murder, he doesn't feel guilty killingthe ballet dancer.A. of; aboutB. ab

8、out; of C. about; aboutD. of; of(2)據(jù)說(shuō)那位受害者過(guò)去利用電腦犯過(guò)罪。in the past.解析： A;It is said that the victim was guilty of computer crimes4. confirm 的含義及用法:vt. 進(jìn)一步證實(shí);確定;支持?！咀⒁狻縞onfirm 后可加 sth.也可加賓語(yǔ)從句,如 : Would you like me to confirm theappointment?您想讓我確認(rèn)一下您的預(yù)約嗎？My employer will confirm that I was there on time.

9、 我的雇主將會(huì)證實(shí),我是準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)的。注意學(xué)習(xí)與confirm 相關(guān)的一個(gè)句型結(jié)構(gòu): It is/was/ has been confirmed that 經(jīng)確認(rèn),經(jīng)證實(shí)。此句型結(jié)構(gòu)與It is/ was said that;It is/ was reported that; It is/ was well-known that 等相同。如 : It has been confirmed that Lewis's next fight will be against Bruno.已經(jīng)確定劉易斯的下一場(chǎng)拳擊賽將對(duì)陣布魯諾。練習(xí)：請(qǐng)給我來(lái)封信,好進(jìn)一步證實(shí)你在電話中傳達(dá)的消息。Please

10、your telephone message to me.解析： confirm by writing5. victim 的含義及用法:受害者;犧牲者;遭難者【注意】其含義為:受害人,犧牲者,犧牲品:其常與介詞of 搭配使用,意為 “ 的受害人（犧牲者、 犧牲品 ) ”。 如 : victims of war 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的犧牲者:其固定詞組為: become the victim of=fall avictim to 成為/淪為 的犧牲品。6. contact 的含義及用法:n&v. 接觸:聯(lián)系。contactU n. (尤指經(jīng)常的)聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡(luò)contact with sb. 和某人聯(lián)系，如

11、：I don cto ntact with my uncle. 我和叔父甚少聯(lián)系。keep in contact with sb. 與某人保持聯(lián)系如 : Have you kept in contact with any of your friends from college?你和你大學(xué)里的朋友還保持聯(lián)系嗎?( 拓展 ) lose contact with 與 失去的聯(lián)系；make contact with與 取得聯(lián)系vt.contact sb.聯(lián)系某人如：If you have any problems,you can contact me anytime.如果有任何問(wèn)題,你可以隨時(shí)聯(lián)系我

12、。練習(xí) :(1)要進(jìn)一步了解情況,為什么不通過(guò)電話或用郵件同那位成功的表演者聯(lián)系呢,why not the successful performer or ?(1) If you want to know more about the charity, you can contact Mr. Liu 8888 4444 oremail him liuinbrisbane.A. on;onB. at; atC. at;onD. on: at解析： For further information contact by calling sending emails D7. wound 的含義和用法w

13、oundvt. 使受傷,傷害;如 : The bullet wounded his arm. 子彈打傷了他的胳膊。He wounded her in the arm. 他打傷了她的胳膊。Was he seriously/ badly wounded?他傷得很厲害嗎?woundedadj.負(fù)傷的,受了傷(害 )的 ; 如 : The wounded were taken off to hospital. 受傷的人被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院。(此處結(jié)構(gòu)與the poor,the rich,the young, the old 等類似)區(qū)分: wound,injury ,hurtbe wounded 或 recei

14、ve a wound 用于指槍或銳器如刀、劍等所造成的創(chuàng)傷。而be injured 或 receive an injury 用在指任何其他武器如重棒或炸彈所造成的創(chuàng)傷 ,或指在事故中所受的傷。wound 和 injury 表示受傷的程度都比hurt 嚴(yán)重。另 ,hurt 還可以表示“疼痛 ”.練習(xí)： (1) My chest when I take a deep breath, doctor.A. hurtsB. woundsC. harmsD. injures(2) well looked after in that hospital.A. Wounded are B. Wounded is

15、 C. The wounded are D. The wounded is(3) It won t y_o_u to change the plan now. You know, it is not practical.A. woundB. painC. hurtD. get hurt(4) The officers are doing what they can their soldiers from .A. to prevent; being woundedB. to prevent; woundingC. prevent;being woundedD. prevent; wounded解

16、析： ACCA8. charge的含義及用法:v.裝滿,控訴,責(zé)令,告誠(chéng),加罪于,收費(fèi)charge(常與with 連用 )責(zé)令;公開(kāi)指責(zé);控訴 ; charge sb. with sth/ doing sth.如 : He was charged with stealing a car: 他被指控偷了一輛汽車。Those young men were charged by the police with causing a disturbance in the neighbourhood.警察指控那些青年人在這一帶犯了擾亂治安罪?！就卣埂渴召M(fèi); 要價(jià)charge sb/sth. for sth

17、,如 : How much did he charge you forrepairing the bicycle? 他修理自行車收了你多少錢?練習(xí)：(1) The man was charged into several computer systems last year.A. of breakingB. with breaking C. about breaking D. to break(2)上周他被指控闖入電腦系統(tǒng)。He computer system last week.解析： B was charged with breaking into9. 詞組 break into 的含義

18、:vt.(有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))強(qiáng)行闖入;撬開(kāi)(汽車等);如 : His house was. broken into (e.g. by burglars) last week. 上星期有人闖入他的房屋(如竊賊)。The thieves planned to break into a bank. 行竊者計(jì)劃洗劫銀行。練習(xí)：警察到的時(shí)候,那些少年已經(jīng)闖入了那位編輯的辦公室。When the police arrived, the teenagers .解析： has broken into the editor s office10. suppose的含義及用法:vt 推想 ,假設(shè),猜想;料想;conj.

19、假使 結(jié)果會(huì)怎樣1. suppose意為“認(rèn)為,猜測(cè)”, 后接 “賓語(yǔ) +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)形式或后接that從句 ; suppose sb sth.(to be)+形容詞介詞短語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)。如 : Everyone supposes him(to be)poor, but heis really quite wealthy. 大家都認(rèn)為他很窮,實(shí)際上他很富裕。 suppose it+形容詞 /名詞 +to do 的結(jié)構(gòu)。如: I suppose it my duty to help those in poverty. 我認(rèn)為幫助那些處于貧困中的人是我的義務(wù)。2.【拓展】suppose可用于 “ be s

20、upposed不定式 +”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 be supposed to do sth.= should do sth.意為“應(yīng)該/理應(yīng)做某事”, 表示被期望或被要求（按規(guī)則、慣例）做某事。如: We are supposed to help each other.我們理應(yīng)互相幫助。（要求） You aresupposed to hand in your papers before class is over.希望你們下課前交卷子。（期望） be not supposed to do sth.常用來(lái)表示不允許或禁止做某事,語(yǔ)氣比較委婉。如 : Students are not supposed to

21、play football in the classroom. 學(xué)生不允許在教室里踢足球。3.由suppose引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,如果主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱I 或 we,并且主句謂語(yǔ)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),從句的否定一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來(lái),其反意疑問(wèn)句一般與賓語(yǔ)從句一致。如: We don'tsuppose they will say sorry to her, will they?我們認(rèn)為他們不會(huì)對(duì)她說(shuō)對(duì)不起,是吧?注意: 與suppose 這種用法相同的還有: think, believe,imagine, expect 等。1. suppose用于簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)中,用 so代替一個(gè)肯定的賓語(yǔ)從句;用n

22、ot 代替一個(gè)否定的賓語(yǔ)從句。如 :Do you suppose he'll fail to catch the train?I suppose so./I suppose not（= I don't suppose so.） 你認(rèn)為他會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車嗎?我想會(huì)的。我想不會(huì)。注意 :與 suppose 這種用法相同的還有: think,believe, expect, Imagine 等。 但應(yīng)注意hope 和 be afraid 則不同于以上的用法。如 :Will he winthe game?-Yes, I hope so./No,I hope not.（不能用 I don

23、9;t hope so.）5. suppose可用于插入語(yǔ)中 do you suppose 用作插入語(yǔ),用來(lái)征詢對(duì)方對(duì)某事的看法,常放在疑問(wèn)詞的后面,并且句子要用陳述語(yǔ)序。如: When do you suppose we shall begin our class? 你認(rèn)為我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始上課 ?注意: 與 suppose 這種用法相同的還有: believe, expect,think, Imagine, guess 等。 I suppose 可用作插入語(yǔ),表示說(shuō)話者的態(tài)度或看法,常用于句中或句末。如:You don' t mindmy smoking, I suppose?我想你

24、不會(huì)介意我抽煙吧?She' ll be there today, I suppose.我想她今天能到那兒去。練習(xí)： (1)I don t suppose anyone will volunteer, ?A. do IB. d on t IC. will theyD. won t they(2)I haven t hefraormd Henry for a long time.What do you suppose to him?A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. had happened 解析： CC11. breathe的

25、含義和用法:v.&vt 呼吸,我們常說(shuō)breathe in 吸入 , breathe out呼出。 如 : The doctortold me to breathe in deeply and then breathe.醫(yī)生叫我先深深吸一口氣,然后再把氣吐出來(lái)。練習(xí)： (1) Follow me, guys! Close your eyes, open your arms and (breath)deeply.( 詞匯運(yùn)用 )(2)吉姆的呼吸開(kāi)始粗重起來(lái),我們知道他已經(jīng)睡著了。Jim and we knew that he was asleep.解析： breathe,began to

26、 breathe heavily12. arrest的詞性及含義:v&n. 逮捕;拘留。arrestvt.arrest sb for sth. 如 : The police arrested Jack for robbery. 警察因搶劫罪而逮捕了杰克。You could get arrested for doing that. 你干那種事可能要遭逮捕。C,Uunder arrest(for) 遭逮捕; 被逮捕,如 : He was under arrest for theft. 他因盜竊而被逮捕。練習(xí) :(1) The engineer was arrest murder.A. on

27、;withB. under;with C. under;for D. in; for(2)Have you read the news about the bank theft in Handan, Hebei Province?Yes, one of the criminals, Ren Xiaofeng (arrest)in Lianyungang on April19.( 用動(dòng)詞的正確時(shí)態(tài)填空)解析： C,was arrested13. reward 的含義及用法:rewardn.C;U 酬報(bào), 報(bào)答, 獎(jiǎng)賞, 報(bào)償如As a reward for passing herexam,she

28、 got a new bike from her parents.作為對(duì)她考試及格的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),父母給她買了一輛新自行車。C 賞金, 酬金。如: The police are offering a big reward forinformation about the robbery.警方為獲得這起搶劫案的線索而重金懸賞。vt.【拓展】酬報(bào) , 酬謝,報(bào)答, 獎(jiǎng)賞。如 : They rewarded the boy with $5for bringing back the lost dog.他們給了那個(gè)男孩五美元來(lái)酬謝他把走失的狗送回來(lái)。as a reward for 作為(對(duì)某事的報(bào)酬獎(jiǎng)賞； be

29、 rewarded by success獲得成功;give (offer) areward to sb. for sth. 為某事而給某人報(bào)酬; in reward of 作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì); reward sb. for sth. 為某事報(bào)答某人; reward sb.with for st為某事而以 h, 報(bào)答某人14. 詞組 turn out 的含義 :結(jié)果（是 ）,原來(lái)（是 ）,證明（是 ）turn out+adj,如 :It' s turned out nice and sunny again. 結(jié)果天氣又變晴朗了。+n,如 : The party turned out a succe

30、ss.舞會(huì)結(jié)果辦得很成功。+to-v, t: To our surprise, the stranger turned out to. be an old friend of mymother's.使我們驚奇的是,這個(gè)陌生人原來(lái)是我母親的老朋友。Hisstatement turned out to be false.= It turned out that his statement was false.他說(shuō)的一番話后來(lái)證明是假的。練習(xí) :(1) To everybody s surprise, the fashionable young_l_a_d_y_ _ to be a thie

31、f.A. found outB. proved out C. put out D. turned out(2) It has been raining every day so far. I hope tomorrow will fine.A. turn toB. turn upC. turn into D. turn out(3) that the jewels had been stolen by one of the guards .A. It turned up B. It turned out C. It turned on D. it turned over(4) Do you k

32、now our new manager?-Yes. He to be a friend of my brother.A. turns upB. turns onC. turns outD. turns off(5) If the weather to be rainy, we may have to cancel the sports meeting.A. runs outB. breaks out C. finds out D. turns out(6)這些疾病與噪音污染無(wú)關(guān)。The diseases 解析： DDBCD have nothing to do with noise pollu

33、tion15. prison 的相關(guān)用法:C,U 監(jiān)獄 :;牢獄;看守所【注意】注意學(xué)習(xí)固定詞組: be sent to prison 被關(guān)押 ,被投進(jìn)監(jiān)獄: in prison 坐牢。 注意這兩個(gè)詞組中prison 前沒(méi)有任何修飾詞語(yǔ):prisoner 的含義為：囚犯;犯人 ;羈押候?qū)徴?。練?xí)： (1)艾迪曾經(jīng)因?yàn)楸I竊入獄兩年Eddie for two years.解析： used to be in prison because of stealing16. 詞組 guard against sth./ doing sth 的含義和用法: 預(yù)防 ,防止;如 :You should wash

34、your handswhen preparing food, to guard against spreading infection. 做飯前你應(yīng)該洗手,以防感染傳染病?！咀⒁狻縢uard 的用法:vt.防衛(wèi);警戒看守;保護(hù) 的安全,常與against或 from 搭配使用,如 : The dog guarded. the house against intruders.狗看守著房子防止有人闖入。練習(xí)：(1)你最好經(jīng)常刷牙,預(yù)防齲齒。You tooth decay.解析： had better often brush your teeth to guard against17. 詞組 get

35、 along with 的含義及用法:相處融洽;與 相處 ; ( 方面 )有進(jìn)展【注意】get along with 通常也可說(shuō)成get on with, 并且常用well 與之搭配使用，即用“ getalong/ on well with 來(lái)表示 ” “與 融洽相處”, 意思上與“ live/ stay/ be harmony with 相似 另請(qǐng)注意 get along with 還有 “在 ( 方面)有進(jìn)展”的意思練習(xí) :(1) Most families in China now have only one child. Parents should teach them others when they are young.A. what to play with B. when to get on with C. which to play with D. how to get on with(2) We also learn how to well with others at school.A. get toB. get onC. get downD. get up(3)我們?cè)鯓硬拍芘c鄰里和睦相處呢?How neighbours?(4)那