名詞性從句導學案

1、名詞性從句導學案名詞性從句【定義】 在復合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句?！痉诸悺?主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句 【引導名詞性從句的連接詞】1. 引導名詞性從句的連接詞按其在從句中所起的作用分為： 1）連接代詞：who(-ever) , what(-ever), which(-ever), whom(-ever), whose (-ever) 做主語、賓語、表語 2）連接副詞：when(-ever), where (-ever), why (-ever), how (-ever) 做狀語 3）連接詞：that, whether, if 不充當任何充分2. 連接詞在句中的功能 T

2、he fact is that we have lost the game. I want to know what he has told you. She always thinks of how she can work well. I dont care about whether you have money or not. I have no idea when he will return. 四大名詞性從句（一）主語從句【定義】在句中充當主語的從句叫做主語從句【考題再現(xiàn)】1. _fashion differs from country to country may reflect

3、 the cultural differences from one aspect. A What B That C This D Which2. _we cant get seems better than _we have.A What, what B What, that C That, that D That , what【it-主語從句】 有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it 代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主句的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式。常用句型如下：(1)It +be+形容詞(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/import

4、ant/certain等)+that從句It is important that we should study English hard.(2)It +be+名詞(短語)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)+that從句 Its a pity that he cant come to the party.(3)It +be+過去分詞(said/told/reported/decided等)+that從句 It is reported that Liuxiang has recovered from his injury.(4)It+特殊動詞(seems, appears,

5、happens, matters)+that從句 It seems that there is something wrong with my car.【跟蹤練習】 _ people spend so much money on their pets _ us a lot. A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There

6、B.This C.That D. It It is pretty well understood_ control the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how （二）賓語從句【定義】在句中用作賓語的從句叫作賓語從句【分類】下列從句分別做什么賓語？ I heard that he joined the army.  Our success depends upo

7、n how well we can cooperate with one another.  I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. 【結論】賓語從句做_賓語、_賓語、_賓語?！究碱}再現(xiàn)】1.I think its going to be a big problem. Yes, it could be. I wonder _we can do about it. A if B how C

8、what D that2. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants. A however B whatever C whichever D whenever【注意】有些動詞不能直接跟that 從句，而習慣上需要在賓語從句前加it, 這類動詞（短語）有: hate, enjoy, like, love, dislike, appreciate, see to, insist on, depend on , allow, refuse, let, orgive, help,等+ it

9、that.。 I would appreciate it if you can give me a quick reply.【跟蹤練習】 Never take _for granted that I will help you. Better depend on yourself. A. that B. it C. which D. his（三）表語從句 在句中充當表語的從句叫作表語從句【考題再現(xiàn)】1. What the doctors really doubt is_my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A when B

10、how C whether D why2.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _you had a few days off? A why B when C what D where【補充說明】表語從句常見于be動詞之后，有時見于look, remain, seem之后；引導表語從句的that一般不可省略。引導表語從句的連接詞除前面所列的常用詞之外，還可由the reason is that 和It is because , it looks as if

11、/though  等結構引出?！靖櫨毩暋?. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? - oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited2. Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. wh

12、ich D. why四）同位語從句【定義】在句中用作同位語的從句叫作同位語從句該類從句通常用在idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth 等抽象名詞的后面，說明該名詞所表示的具體內容,常用的關聯(lián)詞有that, how, when, where等【考題再現(xiàn)】1. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B. that C. when D. as2. They h

13、ave no idea at all_.A where he has gone B where did he goC which place he has gone D where has he gone【注意】同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別判斷以下從句是定語從句還是同位語從句:(1)They expressed the hope that they would come over to visit China again. ( )(2) We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.( )(3) The book that I b

14、ought yesterday is worth reading.( )(4) This is the question that I asked my teacher yesterday .( )(5) The problem that we have not enough money has not yet been solved. ( ) 幾個需要注意的問題1. whether 與 if我不知道他是否會來。（whether or not/have no idea）I dont know whether or not hell come.I have no idea whether he

15、will come.每樣東西都取決于情況是否會改變。Everything depends on whether the situation will change.我們是否會去取決于天氣。 Whether well go depends on the weather. 問題是它是否值得被做。 The question is whether it is worth doing. 請告訴我去不去。（不定式） Please tell me whether to go（or not）.結論一: 只能用whether的場合1）主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句2）whether or not 連用3）介詞之

16、后4）whether to do（inf.）結論二：Whether 和 if 可以替換的場合：賓語從句中2.that 與 what1） I wonder if this is _you are looking for.2）Our school is quite different from _ it was before.3）Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.4）_ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind.5)_

17、the earth is round is known to us all.【結論】連詞_在從句中不作成分，不含有疑問意義，而_在從句中作成分，常含有疑問意義?！靖呖兼溄印?）_ you dont like him is none of my business. （92) A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. ( 93) A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter3) Theres a feeling in me

18、_well never know what a UFO is - not ever. （02） A. that B. which C. of which D. what 3.主語從句的主謂一致That they will come _certain.What he wants _ some water. What he wants _these books. 【結論】1)主語從句通常被看作一個整體,主句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式. 2)What 引導主語從句時,主句謂語動詞的單復數(shù)由表語的單復數(shù)決定.4.名詞性從句中的時態(tài)問題【高考鏈接】1、Scientists think that the con

19、tinents _ always where they_ today. (05北京卷)A. arent; are B. arent; were    C. werent; are   D. werent; were 2、 Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought they _ without me. (05江西卷)Awent   Bare going   Chave gone  Dhad gone 【結

20、論】u 當主句的動詞為現(xiàn)在和將來時態(tài)時，名詞性從句中的動作根據(jù)所發(fā)生的時間來定，可以有各種時態(tài)；u 當主句的動詞為過去時態(tài)時，從句中的動作一般都要使用相應的過去時，除非表示客觀真理。5.名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣表示“堅持、命令、建議或要求”等詞出現(xiàn)時，不管是在哪一種從句中，常用虛擬語氣，從句中的謂語動詞形式為（should）+ 動詞原形，其中should可省略。例如：（一堅持）_（二命令）_、_(四建議）_、_、_、_（四要求）_、_、_、_以及他們的同根名詞。He suggested that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （賓語從句）It w

21、as suggested that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （主語從句） His suggestion was that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （表語從句）He made a suggestion that a meeting (should) be held immediately. （同位語從句）【特別提醒主語從句中的虛擬語氣】基本句型：1.It is suggested/ordered,/proposed/required/demanded/requested/insiste

22、d + (should) do 2.It is important/necessary/natural/desirable/strange/advisable/imperative + (should) do【考題點擊】：1. Is it suggested that he _ the examination? A. takes B. has to take C. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this.A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has told3. His sugg

23、estion that you _ once more sounds reasonable.A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try【特別提醒二insist/suggest不表虛擬語氣時】當insist表示堅持既已發(fā)生事實時, 不用虛擬語氣,用陳述語氣. 如:The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.當suggest表示表明,暗示時,不用虛擬語氣,用陳述語氣.如:The smile on her face suggested that she was satisfied with our work

24、.6.疑問詞+ever與 no matter+疑問詞的區(qū)別 【經典例題】1) _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. No matter Who2) Sarah hopes to become a friend of _shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who【補充說明】名詞從句中Whoever/whatever/whichever= anyone who

25、/ anything that/ any +n【經典例題】_, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing 【結論】疑問詞+ever與 no matter+疑問詞的區(qū)別1)前者既可以引導名詞性從句,也可引導讓步狀語從句,2)而后者只能引導讓步狀

26、語從句. 在引導從句時,疑問詞+ever 比單獨用疑問詞引導從句語氣要強. 高考題1. Our teachers always tell us to believe in_ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A. why B. how C. what D. which2. Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why 3. When the news came

27、_ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because4. The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. A. this B. that C. what D. which5. Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what6. Bef

28、ore a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _ the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why 7. His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what8. It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. A.

29、that B. how C. when D. why9. It is not always easy for the public to see_ use a new invention can be of to human life. A. whose B. what C. which D. that10. _ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom11.Modern science has given clear evidence _ smokin

30、g can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where12. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know _ shell accept it. A. where B. what C. whether D. which 13. It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. whe

31、re14. The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why15. There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. what B. if C. how D. that16. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. th

32、at B. which C. what D. where17.When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _.A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering18. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he

33、goes with, whether his friends or relatives. A. what B. who C. how D. why19. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever20. It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A. how B. whether C. what D. why21. Before the sales st

34、art, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season.A. why B. what C. how D. which 22. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. A. It B. This C. What D. As23. It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike. A. how B. which C. that D. what 24. The notice

35、 came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed. A. when B. that C. whether D. how25. The new comer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever26. We havent settled the question of _ it is nec

36、essary for him to study abroad. A. if B. where C. whether D. that27. Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where28. After _ seemed to be hours of waiting in line, I finally got my turn to take the oral exam. A. that B. it C. what D.

37、which29. The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why30.- Weve only got this small bookcase. Will that do ? - No, _I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.

38、 A. who B. that C. what D. which31. Evidence has been found through years of study _ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. A. why B. how C. whether D. that32. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expected it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether33. I made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, would be different. A. whether B. what C. that D. how34. The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.; A. when B. that C. whether