常用生物學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯

1、AAlzheimer s disease阿爾茨acceptor受體海默氏病acetate醋酸鹽；醋酸根amino 氨基的 acid 氨基acetyl乙酰基酸aminopeptidase氨基肽酶actin肌動蛋白amphibian兩棲動物actinomycinD 放線菌素 Damphipathic兩親的兩性activation活化；激活的active site活性中心amylase 淀粉酶adenine腺嘌呤anaerobic厭氧的adenosine腺嘌呤核苷analysis分析，分解adenosyl腺苷的analyze 分析adenovirus腺病毒anaphase ( 細(xì)胞分裂的 ) 后期a

2、dhering junctings粘著連anaphase-promoting complex,接APC 促后期復(fù)合物adhesion粘著；附著anarogen雄激素adjacent毗鄰的anatomy解剖學(xué)adrenal 腎上腺的 ,腎上腺anionic 陰離子的affinity親和；吸引appropriate 適當(dāng)?shù)腶gar 瓊脂，洋菜approximately近似地，大約agarose瓊脂糖artificial chromosome人工agency 媒介染色體agent劑aspartic天冬氨酸aggregate聚合體astrocyte 星形 ( 神經(jīng)膠質(zhì) ) ，albumin白蛋白，清蛋

3、白細(xì)胞allelc等位基因asymmetric 不對稱的allele等位基因突變遺傳autocatalytic自動催化的因子autonomouslyreplicatingallostericmodification別sequence ARS 自主復(fù)制起序列構(gòu)修飾autophagy自噬作用allosteric別構(gòu)的axon 軸突.'Bbacteria細(xì)菌bacterialartificialchromosome, BAC 細(xì)菌人工染色體bacteriophage噬菌體basal cell carcinoma基層細(xì)胞癌base 堿基basement membrane 基膜bilayer雙層

4、binal雙重的，兩倍的，孿生的binding 結(jié)合位點(diǎn) blastocoele 囊胚腔 blastoderm 胚盤 blastomere 卵裂球 blastula 囊胚Ccancerous 癌的 capsid ( 病毒 ) 衣殼 carbohydrate 碳水化合物，糖類carbonate碳酸鹽carboxy羧基carboxylation羧化作用carboxypeptidase羧肽酶carcinogen致癌劑carcinoma癌cardiovascular心血管的cell secretion細(xì)胞分泌; .'centrifuge離心機(jī)cyclin細(xì)胞周期蛋白Docking protei

5、n, DP停泊cholesterol膽固醇cyclin-dependentprotein蛋白chromatid染色單體kinases,CDK 細(xì)胞周期依賴性dodecyl十二烷基chromatin染色質(zhì)蛋白激酶donor 供體chromatography 層析cytochrome 細(xì)胞色素duplicate復(fù)制cis-acting element順式cytomembrane systeme膜系dynamic 動力學(xué)的，動態(tài)的作用元件統(tǒng)dyneins動力蛋白cis-Golgi network, CGN高爾cytoplasm 細(xì)胞質(zhì)dysentery痢疾基內(nèi)側(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)cytosine胞嘧啶cistro

6、n 順反子cytoskeleton細(xì)胞骨架Eclathrin-coatedvesicle披cytosol胞液，細(xì)胞溶質(zhì)edoplasmic reticulum內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)格蛋白小泡網(wǎng)clone 克隆，無性系Delaborate精細(xì)制作的，復(fù)雜(Basidiomycetes)degrade使降解的coelom 體腔deletion染色體的缺失elasticconnectivetissuecoenzyme 輔酶denaturation變性彈力結(jié)締組織coherent粘著的，連貫的dendrite樹突electrophoresis電泳competitive inhibitor競爭deoxyribonucl

7、eic acid脫氧embryo 胚，胚胎性抵制劑核糖核酸embryogenesis胚胎發(fā)生complementary互補(bǔ)的，補(bǔ)充deoxyribonucleic脫氧核糖embryology胚胎學(xué)的核酸的embryonic胚胎的COPII coated vesicles COPIIdeoxyribose脫氧核糖encode 編碼被膜小泡dextran葡聚糖endocrine內(nèi)分泌COPI coatedvesiclesCOPIdialysis透析，滲析endocytic細(xì)胞內(nèi)吞作用被膜小泡differentialcentrifugationendocytosis胞吞作用covalence共價差速

8、離心endoderm內(nèi)胚層covalent bond共價鍵differentiation分化endomembranesystems內(nèi)膜系covalent共價diffusion擴(kuò)散，滲濾統(tǒng)cross-linked交聯(lián)的dilute稀釋endoplasmic 內(nèi)質(zhì)的culture 培養(yǎng)，栽培dimensional維，度，元endoplasmic reticulum內(nèi)質(zhì)cushion緩沖緩和dimer二聚體網(wǎng); .'envelope包膜，包被Golgi body高爾基體immune 免疫的enzyme 酶Golgi complex 高爾基復(fù)合體immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白epine

9、phrine腎上腺素gonad 性腺，生殖腺immunology 免疫學(xué)epithelial上皮的gonadotropin促性腺激素insulin胰島素epithelium上皮guanine鳥嘌呤integrate整合ER retention signal內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)integrity完整，完全駐留信號Hintermediate中間的，中間產(chǎn)estrogen雌激素haploid單倍體物ethical倫理的，道德的hereditary遺傳Intermediatefilaments,eukaryotic真核生物的hereditary遺傳的IFs 中間纖維evolution進(jìn)化，進(jìn)展heritable可遺

10、傳的internal內(nèi)部的，體內(nèi)的exon exotron外顯子heritable可遺傳的，被遺傳intracellular細(xì)胞內(nèi)的extracellular細(xì)胞外的的intricate復(fù)雜的，錯綜的extract v.抽提heterozygote雜合體intrinsic內(nèi)部的，內(nèi)在的heterozygous 雜合的intron內(nèi)含子（基因內(nèi)區(qū)）Fhistone組蛋白isolation分離ferredoxin鐵氧化還原蛋白homeostasis體內(nèi)穩(wěn)態(tài)isotonic等滲的fibroblast成纖維細(xì)胞Homo 人( 學(xué)名 )filtration過濾作用homogenizer勻漿器Jfrequ

11、ency頻率，次數(shù)homologous同源的fruit fly果蠅homozygote 純合體Kfunction功能，作用homozygous 純合的karyotype 核型，染色體組型fungi真菌hormone 激素kidney 腎fusion融合，融合體hydrophilic親水的kinesins驅(qū)動蛋白hydrophobic疏水的kinesis運(yùn)動Ghypertonic高滲的galactose半乳糖hypotonic低滲的Lgalactosidase半乳糖苷酶lactose乳糖galactoside半乳糖苷ILamina 核纖層genus屬，類identical完全相同的，同一late

12、ral側(cè)面的，橫向的germ layer胚層的lesion損害損毀病變病; .'灶病斑病痕microtube微管nuclear export signals, NESligases連接酶microtubule微管核輸出信號lipoprotein脂蛋白Microtubuleorganizingnuclearluciferase熒光素酶centers, MTOC 微管組織中心localizationsignals,lumen 腔mitosis有絲分裂NLS 核定位信號luminescence生物發(fā)光mitotic有絲分裂的nuclear pore complex核lymph淋巴mitoti

13、c apparatus紡錘體又孔復(fù)合體lympocyte淋巴細(xì)胞稱為有絲分裂器nucleic核酸lysosome溶酶體modification修飾，修改nucleolarlysozyme溶菌酶monomer 單體organizingregion,(NOR)lytic裂解的核仁組織區(qū)Nnucleolus（復(fù)數(shù) nucleoli）Mnanometer毫微米，納米核仁macrophage 巨噬細(xì)胞naturalselection自然選擇nucleoplasm核基質(zhì)magnesium鎂nerve cord神經(jīng)索nucleoprotein核蛋白malignant惡性的nerve 神經(jīng)nucleosome

14、核小體 核粒marrow 髓，骨髓nervous神經(jīng)的nucleotide核苷酸matrix基質(zhì)neurilemma神經(jīng)膜nucleus細(xì)胞核mechanism 機(jī)制neuroglia 神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞meiosis減數(shù)分裂neuroglial神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞的Omembrane-bound organellesneuron神經(jīng)元obesity肥胖的膜細(xì)胞器neurotransmitter神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)oligomer寡聚體，低聚體MembraneTrafficking膜運(yùn)輸neutral中性的oligosaccharide寡糖metabolism新陳代謝neutralize中和oncogene 癌基因me

15、taphase 細(xì)胞分裂的中期nickel鎳operon 操縱子microfilament微絲nicotinamide煙酰胺optimal最適宜的，最理想的microglia小神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞nitrate硝酸鹽organelle細(xì)胞器，類器官micron微米nitric硝酸organism生物體，有機(jī)體microorganism微生物nitrogen氮organize使成有機(jī)體microplast微原生質(zhì)體noncoding非編碼的organogenesis器官發(fā)生microscope顯微鏡Nuclear envelope核膜ovary 子房，卵巢; .'sonication超聲處理to

16、pography 地形Pspiral螺旋的torsion扭轉(zhuǎn)paternal父方的 父系的splice剪接toxicity毒性Phagocytosis吞噬作用spontaneous 自發(fā)的toxin毒素phagocytize吞噬steroid類固醇trace element超微量元素pivotal 中樞的，關(guān)鍵的tracer示蹤物prolong延長stroma 間質(zhì)tranposon轉(zhuǎn)座子prosthetic輔基structural gene結(jié)構(gòu)基因trans-acting factor反式作protease蛋白酶s用因子supercoil超螺旋transacetylase轉(zhuǎn)乙?；窺supe

17、rnatant上清液transcript轉(zhuǎn)錄物轉(zhuǎn)錄本susceptible敏感的transcription轉(zhuǎn)錄Rsynapse 突觸transfer RNA轉(zhuǎn)移 RNAregulator gene調(diào)節(jié)基因synergistic協(xié)作的transfer傳遞，傳輸，變換resin 樹脂transform改變，轉(zhuǎn)化ribonucleic核糖核酸Ttransformation轉(zhuǎn)化ribose 核糖telomere端粒trans Golji network, TGN高ribosomal RNA 核糖體 RNAtermination終止?fàn)柣鈧?cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)ribosome核糖體terminator終止子transl

18、ation翻譯，平移rotational旋轉(zhuǎn)的thrombin凝血酶translocation易位，轉(zhuǎn)位，Sthromboplastin促凝血酶原轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)sarcoma 肉瘤激酶translocators易位子semiconserevative 半保留的thylakoid類囊體transmission傳送，遺傳sickle-cell鐮狀細(xì)胞thymine胸腺嘧啶transportby vesicles膜泡運(yùn)smoothendoplasmicthymus 胸腺輸reticulum滑面內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)thyroid甲狀腺的，甲狀腺trigger觸發(fā)物，引發(fā)劑，觸sodium dodecyl sulfate十二thyroid-stimulatinghormone發(fā)烷基硫酸鈉甲狀腺刺激素triglyceride甘油三酯solubility溶解度，可溶性thyroxine甲狀腺素tumor腫瘤，瘤soluble可溶的tick蜱tumorigenicity致瘤性somatic體細(xì)胞的tight junctions緊密連