初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、初中英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、語(yǔ)態(tài)   英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài):主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。   主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，即發(fā)出者。例如:I eat breakfast.   被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者, 即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。例如:Breakfast is eaten by me.漢語(yǔ)中的標(biāo)志：被、挨、受。    二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成    被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的原始結(jié)構(gòu)： be done。人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過(guò)be的變化表現(xiàn)出

2、來(lái)的。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): am/is/are+ done    一般過(guò)去時(shí): was/were+ done一般將來(lái)時(shí): will/shall be done    過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：would be done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): am/is/are being done    過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): was/were being done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): have/has been done     過(guò)去完成時(shí): had been done否定句：_疑問(wèn)句：_三、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：I play

3、 volleyball.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Volleyball is played by me.    (1)把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的_。(賓格 主格)    (2)把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)(be done) (根據(jù)原來(lái)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù),來(lái)決定be的形式)。    (3)把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by:（由/被）之后作_,(主格 賓格)。如:    1.All the people laughed at him.  

4、0; _ _ _at _ all the people.    2.They make the bikes in the factory.    The bikes _ _ _ _ in the factory.    3.He cut down a tree.    A tree _ _ down _ _. 因此注意：只有_vt才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物vi_ 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。系動(dòng)詞也沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。(不及物v :happen, take place, come true，break d

5、own)   四、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)    含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)句變成被動(dòng)句時(shí),由"情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do" 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+_.     They should do it at once.    _ _ _ _ at once_ _. 五、特殊情況     1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.    The boy was ma

6、de to work by him for two hours yesterday.    Mother never lets me watch TV .    I am never let to watch TV by mother.   2.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.    (1)A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now. 

7、60;  (2)Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.Exercises: 讀句意、定時(shí)態(tài)、定結(jié)構(gòu)、定答案。一把下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，每空一詞。1. We can finish the work in two days.The work _ _ _ in two days_ _.2. They make cars in the factory.Cars _ _ by _ in the factory.3. The children will sing an English song at the party.An E

8、nglish song _ _ _ _ the children at the party.4. You neednt do it now.It _ _ _ by you now.5. Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week.A New Year Card _ _ to me _ Lucy last week._ _ _ a New Year Card by Lucy last week.6. He reads English every day in the morning.English _ _ _ _ every day in the morning

9、.7. He made me do that for him.I _ _ _ _ that for him by him.8. I have given the book to the library. The book _ _ _ to the library by _.9. They are building the house day and night.The house _ _ _ by _ day and night.10. I was doing my homework at home at this time last night. My homework _ _ _ by m

10、e at this time last night.11.Well put on an English play in our school.An English play _ _ _ on in our school.12.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? A bridge _ _ here by _._ a bridge _ here by them a year ago? 二把下列句子改成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后，再變成否定句、疑問(wèn)句、肯定回答、否定回答。1. Everyone likes this song._2. He is helping an o

11、ld man . _3.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week._4.The star will visit our school tomorrow._5.He must clean the classroom today._6. I saw the boy play on the playground yesterday._三選擇題( )1. English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( )2. This English son

12、g_ by the girls after class.A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( )3. This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( )4. New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( )5. Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kep

13、t C. to be kept D. to keep( )6.-I'd like to buy that coat. -I'm sorry. _. A. It sold B. It's selling C. It's been sold D. It had been sold( )7. A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( )8. The key _ on the table when I lef

14、t.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( )9. Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( )10. What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close( )11. Japanese _ in every country.A. is not spoken B.

15、are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( )12. These papers_ yet.A. have not written B. have not been writtenC. has not written D. has not been written( )13. The sports meet _ be held until next week.A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't( )14. _ the watch been repaired yet? I ba

16、dly need it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are( )15. Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( )16. The flowers_ often.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( )17. The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( )18. The old stone b

17、ridge _ next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuildC. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild( )19.Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time.A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( )20.Tea _ in the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D.

18、 will grow( )21. The bridges_ two years ago. A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( )22. The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writing( )23. Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was sa

19、id( )24. The coat_ her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to( )25. I_ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( )26.She will_ good care_.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you( )27.The teac

20、her made him_ his homework. A. to do B. do C. did D. done( )28. These children_ dance. A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to( )29. Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place( )30. You can't use the computer, it_.A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down( )31.Great changes_ in our country during the past 20 years.A. ha