高中英語--動(dòng)詞過去分詞作定語和表語ppt課件

1、GrammarPast Participle Used as Attribute and PredicativeTask oneLook at the following story and find the usage of past participle (“-ed)StorylA boy called Tom went to the cinema one night. It was a horror film, but he was interested in it. Sometimes he felt excited, sometimes he felt frightened. Aft

2、er the film, the tired boy came back home. Once home, the exhausted boyKey pointsl“-ed can be used as _ and be put before or after the noun that it modifies.l eg. tired/exhausted/excited boy l a boy called Toml“ed can also be put after the link-verbs (be, feel, become, get, seem) and used as _ .l eg

3、. be interested in l feel excited/frightenedattributepredicativeTask twoCan you find out the position of “ed used as attribute from these examples?injured fingers 一個(gè)受傷的手指一個(gè)受傷的手指 a finger injured in the accidentspoken English 英語口語英語口語 a language spoken by many peoplewritten exercises 書面練習(xí)書面練習(xí) a book

4、written by Lu XunKey pointslSingle “-ed word is usually used _ the noun it modifies.l單個(gè)過去分詞做定語常放在它所修飾的名詞之單個(gè)過去分詞做定語常放在它所修飾的名詞之前。前。l“-ed phrase is usually used _the noun it modifies.l過去分詞短語作定語常放在它所修飾的名詞之過去分詞短語作定語常放在它所修飾的名詞之后。后。afterbeforeTask three Please find more examples in the reading passage of e

5、ach usage.AttributelSo many thousands of terrified peoplel died lsoon the affected person died. lHe immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street lthat polluted water carried the virus.lhelp ordinary people exposed to cholera.lHe found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water

6、 from London. PredicativelBut he became inspired when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera.lHe became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.lHe was determined to find out why.過去分詞作定語和表語總結(jié)過去分詞作定語和表語總結(jié)一、過去分詞作定語一、過去分詞作定語1.1.單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)普通兼有被動(dòng)和完成

7、單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語時(shí)普通兼有被動(dòng)和完成的 意 義 ， 常 作 前 置 定 語的 意 義 ， 常 作 前 置 定 語 ( p r e p o s e d ( p r e p o s e d attribute )attribute )。 eg. terrified people eg. terrified people 遭到驚嚇的人們?cè)獾襟@嚇的人們 polluted water polluted water 被污染的水被污染的水 a closed door a closed door 封鎖的門封鎖的門留意：留意： -ed -ed作前置定語時(shí)，有時(shí)只需被動(dòng)意義。作前置定語時(shí)，有時(shí)只需被動(dòng)意義。

8、eg. spoken English eg. spoken English 英語口英語口語語 written exercises written exercises 書書面練習(xí)面練習(xí)一、過去分詞作定語一、過去分詞作定語少數(shù)表示位移或形狀改動(dòng)的不及物動(dòng)詞的過少數(shù)表示位移或形狀改動(dòng)的不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞做前置定語時(shí)只需完成的意義去分詞做前置定語時(shí)只需完成的意義 fallen leaves 落葉落葉 the risen sun 升起來的太陽升起來的太陽 the developed countries 興隆國(guó)家興隆國(guó)家 a returned student 一名留學(xué)生一名留學(xué)生 a retired t

9、eacher 一名退休教師一名退休教師一、過去分詞作定語一、過去分詞作定語2.2.過去分詞作后置定語，表示被動(dòng)和完成意義。過去分詞作后置定語，表示被動(dòng)和完成意義。 eg. eg. The books written by Lu Xun are The books written by Lu Xun are popular popular魯迅寫的書很受歡迎。魯迅寫的書很受歡迎。 We Well go to visit the bridge ll go to visit the bridge built built hundreds of years ago hundreds of years a

10、go 我們要去看那座建于幾百年前的橋。我們要去看那座建于幾百年前的橋。 He found that it came from the He found that it came from the river river polluted by the dirty water. polluted by the dirty water. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)它來自被臟水污染的河里。他發(fā)現(xiàn)它來自被臟水污染的河里。一、過去分詞作定語一、過去分詞作定語3. 過去分詞可作非限制性定語，相當(dāng)于省略式的定語從句。 e.g The books, (which were) written by Lu Xun, were ver

11、y popular. The bridge, (which was) built in 1999, is very beautiful.如今分詞和過去分詞做定如今分詞和過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別語的區(qū)別l如今分詞表示自動(dòng)，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。如今分詞表示自動(dòng)，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。l如今分詞表示進(jìn)展，過去分詞表示形狀或完成。如今分詞表示進(jìn)展，過去分詞表示形狀或完成。l boiling water 正在燒正在燒(煮沸煮沸)的水的水l boiled water 已煮沸的水已煮沸的水l developing countries 開展中國(guó)家開展中國(guó)家l developed countries 興隆國(guó)家興隆國(guó)家l

12、falling leaves 落葉落葉(正在進(jìn)展正在進(jìn)展)l fallen leaves 落葉落葉(曾經(jīng)完成曾經(jīng)完成)如今分詞和過去分詞做定如今分詞和過去分詞做定語的區(qū)別語的區(qū)別The boy killing the dog is her brother. The boy killed by the man is her brother.考題練練看考題練練看1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. fi

13、rst playing D. to be first playing解析：解析：A first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C.如今分詞作定語表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，與修飾詞如今分詞作定語表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，與修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系。是主謂關(guān)系。不定式作定語表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。不定式作定語表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作?？碱}練練看考題練練看2.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D.

14、 had been invited 解析：解析：A 調(diào)查過去分詞作后置定語，與所調(diào)查過去分詞作后置定語，與所修飾的名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。修飾的名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。考題練練看考題練練看3. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known解析：解析：D考題練練看考題練練看4. I dont know the girl _ in the snow storm. A. to

15、 catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching 解析：解析：B 小女孩被困在暴風(fēng)雪中，所小女孩被困在暴風(fēng)雪中，所以運(yùn)用過去分詞作后置定語。以運(yùn)用過去分詞作后置定語。 二、過去分詞作表語二、過去分詞作表語1.1.過去分詞作表語，表示主語的感受或過去分詞作表語，表示主語的感受或所處的形狀。所處的形狀。 No wonder he was so excited. No wonder he was so excited.可以用作表語的常見的過去分詞有：可以用作表語的常見的過去分詞有： delighted, disappointed, upset, delig

16、hted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited, frightened, astonished, excited, frightened, interested, puzzled, exhausted, interested, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied, inspired, surprised, satisfied, inspired, surprised, pleasedpleased二、過去分詞作表語二、過去分詞作表語2.許多動(dòng)詞的過去分詞曾經(jīng)被當(dāng)作描畫詞運(yùn)用。如：broken, disappointed, e

17、xcited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。 過去分詞作表語與被過去分詞作表語與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別l-ed作表語主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和作表語主要表示動(dòng)作的完成和形狀，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)描畫詞；形狀，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)描畫詞；l被動(dòng)語態(tài)的過去分詞動(dòng)詞意味很強(qiáng)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的過去分詞動(dòng)詞意味很強(qiáng),句子主語為動(dòng)作的接受者，后面常句子主語為動(dòng)作的接受者，后面常跟跟by短語。短語。l The glass is broken.l The glass was broken by Tom.過去分詞作表語與如過去分詞作表語與如今分詞作表語的區(qū)別今分詞作表語的區(qū)別l-ing

18、表自動(dòng)與進(jìn)展，常用于表示事物表自動(dòng)與進(jìn)展，常用于表示事物的性質(zhì)，漢語常翻譯為的性質(zhì)，漢語常翻譯為“(某事某事/物物)使使人人,令人令人 ；l-ed 含有被動(dòng)的意思，經(jīng)常用于闡明含有被動(dòng)的意思，經(jīng)常用于闡明人的覺得，漢語常譯為人的覺得，漢語常譯為“(某人某人)感到感到。leg. What he said was encouraging.l We were encouraged at what he said.-ed作表語與作表語與-ing作表語作表語的區(qū)別的區(qū)別此類詞常見的有：此類詞常見的有：surprising, surprised; exciting, excited; interestin

19、g, interested; astonishing, astonished; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; satisfying, satisfied; inspiring, inspired; pleasing, pleased; tiring, tired; boring, bored.考題練練看考題練練看1. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bo

20、red D. tiring; boring 解析：解析： A。第一空應(yīng)填。第一空應(yīng)填tired，來源于，來源于系表構(gòu)造系表構(gòu)造be tired of；第二空表令人；第二空表令人感到枯燥的，應(yīng)填如今分詞感到枯燥的，應(yīng)填如今分詞boring。 考題練練看考題練練看2. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 解析：解析：C 該題調(diào)查分詞作表語的用該題調(diào)查分詞作表語的用法。法?！皌o pay sb by the hour 計(jì)時(shí)給某人報(bào)酬。此題被動(dòng)構(gòu)造計(jì)時(shí)給某人報(bào)

21、酬。此題被動(dòng)構(gòu)造作表語。類似的有：作表語。類似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.考題練練看考題練練看3. As soon as he entered the city, he _. A. was losing B. got losing C. grew lost D. got lost 解析：解析： D get lost 迷路了迷路了4. What surprised me most was that the leader of that country got _ . A. kill B. killing C. killed D. to be kill

22、ed 解析：解析：C 過去分詞表被動(dòng)過去分詞表被動(dòng)考題練練看考題練練看5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 解析：解析： C。remain seated 為系為系表構(gòu)造，不具有被動(dòng)顏色。表構(gòu)造，不具有被動(dòng)顏色。 考題練練看考題練練看 6. - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells de

23、licious. - Mm. It does have a _ smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant 解析： D。pleased，稱心的； pleasant，令人愉快的。 Task fourlComplete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Preposed AttributePostpositive Attribute1. terrified people1. people terr

24、ified of2. reserved seats2. 3. polluted water3. 4. a crowded room4. 5. a pleased winner5. seats reserved for water polluted by a room crowded with a winner pleased withTask four6. astonished children 7. a broken vase8. a closed door9. the tired audience10. a trapped animalTask five lComplete the sen

25、tences using the past participle given to you as the predicative.l1. He got _ about losing the l money.l2. The painter looked so _ after l working for a whole day. tired blamed infected shocked excited disappointed blamedtiredTask fivel3. I was _ with he film I saw l last night. I had expected it to be better.l