英語牛津譯林必修5unit 2同步精品學(xué)案（第4課時(shí)）（語法）

1、英語牛津譯林必修5Unit 2同步精品學(xué)案（第4課時(shí)）（語法）課題名稱M5U2課型ing form課時(shí)4【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1. To grasp the usages of the ing form and the ing phrase.2. To grasp the usages of the perfect and passive form3. To finish some exercises about the ing form.【學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)】To grasp the ing form as predicative(表語) and object complement【學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)】To grasp

2、the ing form as attribute(定語) and adverbial（狀語）.【學(xué)法指導(dǎo)】Read, remember and apply【知識鏈接】The formation of the ing form (ing的形式的構(gòu)成) 【導(dǎo)學(xué)過程】（學(xué)習(xí)方式，學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，學(xué)習(xí)程序，問題）導(dǎo)學(xué)留白課前自主學(xué)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)導(dǎo)學(xué)（10分鐘）“ing形式”用法小結(jié)非謂語動詞中的現(xiàn)在分詞主要起形容詞和副詞的作用，在句中作定語、表語、補(bǔ)語或狀語?，F(xiàn)在分詞有兩個(gè)基本特點(diǎn)。例如:a developing country一個(gè)發(fā)展中的國家/rising sun 冉冉升起的太陽（試比較:a developed

3、 country一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國家/risen sun 升起的太陽）2.時(shí)態(tài)上表示主動。例如:the ruling class 統(tǒng)治階級/the exploiting class 剝削階級。（試比較:the ruled class 被統(tǒng)治階級/the exploited class 被剝削階級）具體用法總結(jié)如下:(1)作定語單個(gè)分詞作定語時(shí)放在所修飾名詞前，分詞短語作定語時(shí)放在后，The sleeping boy is my son.They went along the path leading to the mountain top.并且名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間存有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，On hearin

4、g the news of his fathers death, he burst into tears.(2)作補(bǔ)語高中階段只研究分詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況，不研究作主補(bǔ)的情況。只有兩類動詞可以加現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ):感官動詞:see,hear,watch,feel,notice,observe,keep,find,listen to,look at使役動詞:have,get,catch,leave,set值得注意的是要想用現(xiàn)在分詞來作賓補(bǔ)，只能是用于這些詞后，但是并不代表這些動詞后的賓補(bǔ)形式都要用現(xiàn)在分詞（有些后面可以加不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)）。例如:I saw him singing now.Dont

5、have the students studying all day.注意:賓語與作賓補(bǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即賓語是現(xiàn)在分詞動作的發(fā)出者。至于現(xiàn)在分詞作主語補(bǔ)足語的情況，只需知道上述動詞的被動語態(tài)形式中的現(xiàn)在分詞作的是主補(bǔ)即可，無須深入。（3）作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語有三級變化，可被副詞修飾。例如:The story is interesting./The match is exciting.（4）作狀語作時(shí)間、條件、原因以及讓步狀語時(shí)要位于句首，且與后面用逗號隔開，能轉(zhuǎn)換為一個(gè)相應(yīng)的狀語從句。作結(jié)果、方式及伴隨狀語時(shí)要位于句尾，且與前面用逗號隔開，有時(shí)也可以不用。注意分詞作狀語時(shí)

6、的邏輯主語（即分詞動作的發(fā)出者）一般要與句中主語保持一致。(這個(gè)是重點(diǎn)，也是考試和高考的常考點(diǎn)，必須記住。)作時(shí)間狀語。例如:Walking in the street,I saw him.（=When/While I was walking in the street,I saw him.）Having received his letter，I decided to write back作條件狀語。例如:Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work hard, you will succeed. 作原因狀語。例如:Being ill, she s

7、tayed at home.（注意：being是常用來作原因狀語的）Having been to the Great Wall many times，he didnt go last week. =Because (As) he had been to the Great Wall many times，he didnt go last week. 作讓步狀語。-ing短語作讓步狀語，可置于句首或 句末，常與even if, though 連用。如：例如:Having failed many times,he didnt lost heart.Though working from morni

8、ng till night, his father didnt get enough food.=Although his father worked from morning till night, he didnt get enough food. 雖然他父親從早到晚拼命地干活，但是他還是掙不到足夠的吃的。作結(jié)果狀語。例如:His friend died, leaving him a lot of money.作方式狀語。例如:Please answer the question using another way.作伴隨狀語。例如：He is standing there, singin

9、g.They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. （5）作獨(dú)立成分。例如:generally speaking（一般來說）， frankly speaking坦白的說，judging from/by （由判斷出）， considering考慮到Seeing that因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在分詞的否定式：現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式中，否定詞not 必須放在最前面。Not knowing much English,he found it difficult to communicate with foreigners.Not having received a re

10、ply,he wrote a letter to the professor again.現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)：（1）現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式表示動作與謂語動詞的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Seeing the teacher is coming, the students stopped talking.(2)現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作之前。Having lived in the United State for many years, my brother knows a lot about the American culture.現(xiàn)在分詞的語態(tài)：being done/ having been

11、 doneAS the lecture being given is of great importance, the students are listening very carefully. Having been discussed several times, the decision was finally made.小結(jié)：1. -ing短語與when, while, though, until, if等連詞連用時(shí)，相當(dāng)于這些連引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)從句。如：While staying in Beijing, he came to see me twice.=While he was stay

12、ing in Beijing, he came to see me twice.Though willing to attend the party, he refused the invitation. =Though he was willing to attend the party, he refused the invitation.2. 動詞-ing形式在句中作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語與主句的主語保持一致。Hearing the news, he burst into tears.練一練：Choose the correct sentence.1. a. Hearing the news

13、, tears ran down her face. b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly.2. a. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it.3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden.4. a.

14、Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking.b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.課堂檢測檢測導(dǎo)練（10分單項(xiàng)選擇(1)There was a terrible noise _the sudden burst of light.A. followedB. following C .to be followedD. being followed(2)He saw a _bird and raised his bow.A. flyB. flyi

15、ng C. flewD. to be flying(3)I was satisfied with the _ speech.A. exciteB. exciting C. excitedD. be excited(4)The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having addedB. to add C. addingD. added (5)European football is played in more than 80 co

16、untries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.A. makingB. makes C. madeD. to make (6)_ from the top of the hill,we can find that the city looks more beautiful.A. SeeingB. Seen C. SawD. To be seeing(7)Soon they could see the steam _from the wet clothes.A. riseB. rising C. risenD. be rising(8)The m

17、issing boys were last seen _ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play(9)With his lips still _,he couldnt say a word.A. tremblingB. tremble C. to trembleD. to be trembling(10)_ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.A. Not completingB. Not completed C. Not havi

18、ng completed D. Having not completed課堂自主反思課后提升考例1 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. （NMET 2003）A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked.考例2 We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things. (2006全國卷III)A. thinki

19、ng B. think C. to thinkD. thought考例3 While watching television, _. （2005全國卷II）A the doorbell rang B the doorbell ringsC we heard the doorbell ringD we heard the doorbell rings考例4 The old man, _ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.(2004 江蘇) A. to work B . working C. to have

20、worked D. having worked 考例5 _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. （廣東2004）A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed6. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _ the delay. A. to cause B. causing C. caused D. cause7. After seeing the movie, _. A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read it C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the