高二英語(yǔ)試卷分類匯編英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(教育文化)(及答案)含解析

1、高二英語(yǔ)試卷分類匯編英語(yǔ)閱讀理解（教育文化）（及答案）含解析一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解教育文化類1 .閱讀理解Many kids help out around the house with chores such as emptying the dishwasher, putting laundry away, and taking out the trash. In exchange, some kids get allowances or other rewards such as extra computer time.But some people do not think that ki

2、ds should get rewards for doing chores. Susie Walton, a parenting educator and family coach, believes that by rewarding kids, parents are sending a message that work isn't worth doing unless you get something in return. "Running any kind of household is a team effort, Susie said. "A ho

3、me is a living space for everyone in the family. It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house, and that families decide together how they want their home to look, and how they are going to keep it looking like everyone wants it to look."Other people believe

4、that getting a cash allowance or other rewards motivates kids to do chores, and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to earn money. There are also new applications that give kids points and digital gifts that can be redeemed ( 兌取) either online or in the real world. With

5、 the ChoreMonster app, kids earn digital points by completing chores that they can turn in for real-life rewards such as extra Xbox time or a trip to the mall. "Our goal is to encourage kids to earn rewards," says Chris Bergman, founder of ChoreMonster. "Kids need positive reinforceme

6、nt to help motivate them."What do you think? Should kids be rewarded for doing chores? Or should kids help out around their homes without getting anything in return?Write a 200-word response. Send it to tfkasks4you. Your response may be published in a future issue of Time For Kids. Please inclu

7、de your grade and contact information of your parent or teacher if you want your response to be published. The deadline for responding is February 18.(1) How does the author start the passage?A. By presenting some facts.B. By listing some evidence.C. By comparing different views.D. By stating his ow

8、n experiences.(2) According to Susie Walton, _.A. kids should be rewarded for doing choresB. parents decide what kids can do for the familyC. kids have the responsibility to share houseworkD. kids can get extra computer time for doing chores(3) Paragraph 3 is mainly about.A. Chris Bergman's opin

9、ion on raising kidsB. main reasons why kids need encouragementC. how to motivate kids to try new applicationsD. the advantage of rewarding kids for doing chores(4) The purpose of writing the text is to A. invite readers to express their opinionsB. inform readers of two different opinions C. call on

10、readers to reflect on their behavior D. present the author's viewpoint about parenting 【答案】（1） A（ 2） C（ 3） D（ 4） A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，對(duì)孩子在家里做家務(wù)到底要不得到報(bào)酬進(jìn)行討論，進(jìn)而要求讀者表達(dá)他們的觀點(diǎn)。（ 1 ）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段可知，許多孩子在家里幫忙做家務(wù)，比如清空洗碗機(jī)，把衣服收起來(lái)，然后把垃圾拿出去。在交流中，有些孩子得到津貼或其他獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，如額外的計(jì)算機(jī)時(shí)間。因此作者是通過(guò)陳述事實(shí)來(lái)開(kāi)始這一段文章的。故選A。2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“

11、 Susie said,A hom e is a living space for everyone in thefamily. It's important for kids to see that we all have responsibilities in the house,. 可知，根據(jù) Susie Walton 所說(shuō)，孩子們有分擔(dān)家務(wù)的責(zé)任。故選C。（ 3）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段中的” Other people believe that getting a cash allowance orother rewards motivates kids to do chore

12、s, and it also teaches them real world lessons about how we need to work to earn money. 其他人認(rèn)為，獲得現(xiàn)金津貼或其他報(bào)酬能激勵(lì)孩子做家務(wù)， “ 并且它也教他們關(guān)于我們是多么需要工作賺錢這一真實(shí)世界的教訓(xùn)?？芍谌沃饕f(shuō)的是獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)孩子做家務(wù)的好處。故選D。（ 4）考查目的意圖。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的” What do you think? Should kids be rewarded fordoing chores? Or should kids help out around their homes wi

13、thout getting anything in return? 可 知，寫(xiě)這篇文章是邀請(qǐng)讀者發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷，段落大意和目的意圖四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行 分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2 閱讀理解Rumors（謠言）：we've all heard some and we've all spread some. In more traditional times they shook entire families. Today, they circ

14、ulate differently because the way we share information has also changed.The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally. We don't enjoy being on the receiving end of one, since they usually don't have good intentions. They are somewhat veiled（ 掩飾的

15、 ） messages.Normally rumors are oral messages: word of mouth. The paradox（ 自相矛盾） is that there is noevidence to support rumors, but the more people share it, the more they see it as true. To finish defining rumors, we think that they follow certain very clear laws. Secrecy: The source is unknown. Th

16、ere is also a proven phenomenon that human beings usually forget the source of a message before they forget its content. Certainty: We hardly question rumors simply because of the mental effort involved. On the other hand, no one likes to doubt a person who convinces us that the information they spr

17、ead is true. Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the initial rumor.Another property of rumors is that they tend to become viral. Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter of the information. The receiver often adds their own opinion. Their m

18、anner and tone of transmitting it also changes it.How can we end rumors? The answer is as simple as it is impossible: preventing people from communicating. A more realistic response is equally difficult, although less than the first one. It is that we should be critical of the information we receive

19、. We should ask ourselves if the source is reliable. Ask (if possible) the person you heard it from whether they also trust the information.We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the rumor.One rumor to be especially cautious of is a rumor about groups r

20、elatively unable to defend themselves. That's why we say, "history is always told by the victors." The first payment the defeated must make is to accept the victor's version of the story.(11) What's the author's attitude towards rumors?A.Critical.B.Positive.C.Approving.D.Ca

21、utious.(12) What can we learn about rumors?A.We have all heard some and believed them.B.We're happy to be the receiving end of them.C.They may have negative influence on society.D.They often hide good intentions in the messages.(13) How are rumors like trees?A.Rumors keep changing, just as trees

22、 change their color.B.Rumors are deeply rooted in reality, like tree roots in the earth.C.New rumors have gaps, like the space between tree branches.D.New rumors grow out of the original, like branches out of a trunk.(14) What does the underlined word "viral" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A

23、.Something easily spreadB.Something acceptableC.Something easily defended.D.Something beneficial. Which of the following may the author agree with?A.It is easy to prevent people from spreading rumors.B.People are often active in judging the rumors critically.C.We should think about the hidden messag

24、e of the rumors.D.Stories told by the victors are usually better worth trusting.【答案】(1) AC(3) D(4) AC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，介紹了什么是謠言，謠言的危害，特點(diǎn)及怎樣避免謠言。11)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"In more traditional times they shook entire families.；第二段中的 "Thefact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether

25、 socially or personally.; 以及第四段中的"Another property of rumors is that they tend to become viral. 等信息可知作者認(rèn)為謠言會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)人生活和社會(huì)造成混亂，作者對(duì)謠言是批評(píng)的態(tài)度。故選Ao(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"Theact is that rumors have great potential to upsetthings, whether socially or personally.可知謠言會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)人生活和社會(huì)造成混亂，給社會(huì)帶來(lái) 不良影響。故選a(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第

26、三段中的"Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out tofill in the gaps left by the initial rumor. 把謠言比作樹(shù)，新謠言的出現(xiàn)填補(bǔ)了最初謠言留下的 空白。這說(shuō)明新的謠言從原來(lái)的地方冒出來(lái)，就像樹(shù)枝從樹(shù)干冒出來(lái)一樣。故選Do(4)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中的"Eachreceiver is at the same time a potentialtransmitter of the information. The receiver often adds their own

27、 opinion. Their manner and tone of transmitting it also changes it.可知每個(gè)接收者同時(shí)又是信息潛在的發(fā)送者。接收者通常 還會(huì)添加自己的觀點(diǎn)或改變信息。這是在說(shuō)謠言的危害，像病毒一樣容易傳播。畫(huà)線的“vira即指像病毒一樣容易傳播，故選Ao(5)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"It is that we should be critical of the informationwe receive. We should ask ourselves if the source is reliable. Ask (if p

28、ossible) the person you heard it from whether they also trust the information. We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the rumor.可知我們要理性對(duì)待謠言，核實(shí)信息的準(zhǔn)確性，可信度，評(píng)估對(duì)別人的影響，即考慮謠言的背后信息。故選Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需 要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。3 .閱讀理解

29、The stories we share with one another are important. They show wisdom and provide inspiration. They are important to our development. But sometimes people choose not to tell.Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story in the news: People are wondering if public health officials are holding

30、back too much information about the recent outbreak of Ebola.There is a danger in holding back stories that ought to be told. Bobette Buster said it like this, "The fact is, history has shown us that stories not told can become like a dangerous genie ( 妖怪) left in a bottle. When they are finall

31、y uncorked, their power to destroy is set free."There are a number of reasons why we hide parts of our story: they often show our weaknesses or expose our disadvantages; they require courage and strength to share; and of course, there are some stories that should be kept secretespecially those

32、that embarrass someone else.Most of us have two selves: the one we display on the outside and the one we actually are on the inside. And the better we get at hiding the stories that show our true selves, the more damage we may be causing to ourselves and to others.Honesty and openness is important:

33、It proves we are trustworthy. It displays we are human. We are not perfect or better. It highlights the importance of hard work and personal development.Hard work may not allow us to overcome our disadvantages completely. But with hard work, we do not have to be restricted to our mistakes.Does this

34、mean we admit every weakness, every disadvantage, and every secret regret to everybody we meet? No, of course not. There is a time and a place and a certain level of relationship necessary for some stories to be told in an appropriate manner.（ 1 ） What's the function of the example in Paragraph

35、2?A.It reflects that people are concerning about the spread of Ebola.B.It shows the bad effect caused by sharing a story.C.It proves not sharing a story can cause trouble.D.It concludes that one should share a story at a proper time.（ 2） One of the reasons why people are unwilling to share experienc

36、es is that .A.story-sharing highlights the importance of hard workB.people are used to exposing their weaknessesC.people sometimes have no courage to share their storiesD.some stories make themselves feel uneasy（ 3） Which is close in meaning to the underlined word "uncorked" in Paragraph 3

37、?A.freedB.brokenC.unfoldedD.untouched（ 4） The writer aims to convince us to .A.be open to people close to you by sharing some secretsB.share stories appropriately for the good of others and ourselvesC.remove the dangers that can be caused by untold storiesD.realize the importance of being honest whe

38、n making friends【答案】（ 1 ） C（ 2） C（ 3） A（ 4） B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了分享自己故事的重要性，并且加以證明。（ 1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“ Consider the negative effects of not sharing a story inthe news 可知不分享故事會(huì)有消極的影響，并且舉了例子來(lái)證明，故選”C。（ 2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“ they require courage and strength to share 可知他們”需要勇氣和力量分享，所以可推理出有人缺少勇氣，故選C。（ 3）考查

39、詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“ When they are finally uncorked, their power to destroyis set free. 當(dāng)他們最終自由了，他們的破壞力就是自由，故選 ”A。（ 4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，文章一直在寫(xiě)我們要分享自己的故事，才不會(huì)有太大的壓力，所以作者旨在使我們相信適當(dāng)?shù)姆窒砦覀兊墓适?，?duì)我們自己和別人都好，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出 正確答案。4 閱讀理解For decades, doctors

40、have warned patients that too much salt can be bad for the heart. Heat attack has long been considered a grown-up problem, but a new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children. Eating too much salty food when you're young can lead to health problems later.Salt is made up of two e

41、lements: sodium and chlorine. Dietary guidelines recommend that adults and kids aged 9 13 shouldn't consume more than about a teaspoon of salt daily. The average American eats twice this amount. This worries doctors because too much sodium results in the body producing more blood. To pump the ex

42、tra blood, the heart has to work harder. This causes a rise in blood pressure a measurement of how stressed the heart is. High blood pressure often leads to heart disease.A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to become a grown-up with high blood pressure. Reducing salt might also help stop c

43、hildhood obesity （ 肥胖 ）. British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary soft drinks. Drinking fewer fizzy drinks makes kids less likely to gain weight, become obese and develop high blood pressure.Salt can affect more than just your heart and weight. A recent

44、study found that a growing number of kids in the US are suffering from kidney stones. This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it.Cutting down on salt can be hard, but you can retrain yourself to prefer less salty food. The best way to reduce

45、 the amount of sodium you eat is to make changes gradually. Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do. Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on the condiments （ 調(diào)味品 ）. You might also want to start reading nutrition labels. You may be surp

46、rised to learn that there are 1,150 mg of sodium in a double cheeseburger, and over 2, 000 mg in many frozen meals.（ 1 ） What is the author's major concern?A.Children eat too much salty food.B.Many adults suffer from heart attack.C.Americans consume too much salt.D.Heart attack is now a youth pr

47、oblem.（ 2） What does the author refer to as the cause of childhood obesity?A.Eating more salty food.B.Lack of physical exercise.C.Drinking many sugary soft drinks.D.Eating the same food as the adults.（ 3） What is another disease tending to be younger according to Paragraph 4?A.Obesity.B.Kidney stone

48、.C.Blood disease.D.Heart attack.（ 4） What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?A.The laws of health.B.How to cut down on salt.C.Healthy diet.D.The amount of salt we need.【答案】（ 1 ） A（ 2） C（ 3） B（ 4） B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了鹽對(duì)心臟有影響的原因，以及人們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪斜３值望}的生活方式。（ 1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“H eat attack has long been considered a

49、grown-upproblem, but a new research suggests that salt is starting to affect children. Eating too much salty food when you're young can lead to health problems later. 長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，心臟病被認(rèn)為是成年人”的問(wèn)題，但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，鹽開(kāi)始影響兒童。年輕時(shí)吃太多咸的食物會(huì)導(dǎo)致以后的健康問(wèn)題；以及第三段中的“ A kid with high blood pressure is more likely to become a gro

50、wn -upwith high blood pressure. 一個(gè)有高血壓的孩子更有可能成為一個(gè)有高血壓的成年人，可 ”知，文章作者特別擔(dān)心孩子食用過(guò)咸的食物導(dǎo)致心臟病和高血壓。故選A。（ 2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“ Reducingsalt might also help stop childhood obesity（肥胖）. British researchers recently found that kids who eat less salt also drink fewer sugary softdrinks. ”減少鹽可能有助于阻止兒童長(zhǎng)胖。英國(guó)的研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)吃鹽少

51、的孩子喝的含糖飲料也更少，可知，作者認(rèn)為吃多鹽食品和喝過(guò)多含糖的軟飲料也會(huì)使孩子長(zhǎng)胖。故選C。（ 3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“ A recent study found that a growing number of kids inthe US are suffering from kidney stones. This painful condition usually affects people aged over 40. Now, kids as young as five are getting it. 最近一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)越來(lái)越多的美國(guó)孩子正在患腎”結(jié)石。這種痛苦的病通常只在4

52、0 歲以上的人才患，現(xiàn)在五歲的孩子也在遭受這種疾病，可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在腎結(jié)石這種病正在變得年輕化。故選B。（ 4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第五段中的“ The best way to reduce the amount of sodium you eatis to make changes gradually. Start by adding half as much salt to your dinner as you normally do. Switch to fresh foods instead of canned and bottled versions. And go easy on

53、the condiments（ 調(diào) 味品 ）. You might also want to s tart reading nutrition labels. 減少鈉攝入量的最好方法是逐漸 ”改變。先在晚餐中加入平時(shí)一半的食鹽。食用新鮮食品而非罐裝或者瓶裝食品。少放些調(diào)味品。你可能也要閱讀營(yíng)養(yǎng)標(biāo)簽?？芍?，本段提供了一些可以減少食鹽攝入量的方法。故 選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，考生需 要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5.閱讀理解A recent documentary produced by the

54、British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) has caused a stir in China and in the UK.The documentary, titled Are Our Kids Tough Enough? focuses on five Chinese teachers who are sent to teach 50 UK teens at a school in Hampshire.The teachers instruct the students for a month. The pupils are then tested, a

55、nd the results are compared to the ones of those who have continued in the regular UK education system. The idea is to see if the Chinese method improves academic performance.The Chinese teachers use their own teaching methods but receive strong resistance from the students. A clip from the document

56、ary online shows some problems, with Chinese teachers calling their students lazy and lacking in discipline, while the students say the high pressure and harsh teachers are driving them crazy.This has aroused a new debate in both China and the UK, with some arguing the teenagers need more regulation

57、 and discipline. Others say Chinese methods encourage rote learning ( 死記 硬背)instead of independent thinking. For instance, Chinese language teachers should do more than pass on knowledge about words and characters. They should inspire students, helping them feel the sentiment from Chinese literature

58、. This is a higher level of teaching.Yang Dongping, dean of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, says, "The Chinese teaching methods are designed to strictly train the majority. Foreign teaching methods, however, are more natural and relaxing, and designed to inspire students' int

59、erest in learning. Education methods are based on culture. That is why a successful education method in one place may not work that well when simply 'transplanted' into another place."Yang Dongping says, "The documentary does reflect some problems rooted in traditional Chinese teaching methods. Nobel prize winner, Ya