新視野大學英語第四冊讀寫教程UNIT

1、Slavery Gave Me Nothing to Lose Unit 8 Section ABackground InformationText StudySummaryWritingLead-inN H C EN H C ELead-inBack48Answer the following questions. UnderstandingUnderstandingText StudyUnderstandingtourists, on horses or in automobileswatch, pleasureHow did I feel about the whitesas a chi

2、ld? (Para. 1)48Text StudyUnderstandingHow did I respond to the whites as a child?enjoy, watch, wave, say, follow(Para. 2)What does the word “show” mean?Who were the “actors”?a stage, travelers, as actors48Text StudyUnderstandingonly different, the white, like to hear, speak, sing, dance, moneyWhats

3、my impressions of the whites as a child? (general point)(Para. 3)48Text StudyUnderstandingwant, so much, discouragementrather than, encouragementWhy did I feel it strange to be given money when I was singingand dancing?(Para. 3)48Text StudyUnderstandingWhats the huge change I experienced when I wast

4、hirteen?school, exclusively, black town, aware, black(Para. 4)48Text StudyUnderstandingHow do I look at the slavery problem?something in the past not register depression nothing to lose, a worldto win(Para. 5)48Text StudyUnderstanding(Para. 5)What do I mean by saying that “it fails to register depre

5、ssion with me?”attitude, not disturbed Why do I think its “The world to be won and nothing to be lost”?good bet, win everything,lose nothing 48Text StudyUnderstandingHow do I feel to be a black as an adult?not feel colored, white manchat calmlynot make any difference(Paras. 6-7)48Text StudyUnderstan

6、dingI compare myself to a brown bag. Whats my purpose in describing the contents of the bags? contents, common objects, white or black, share, in common(Para. 7)When I was young living in the Negro town of Eatonville, I enjoyed watching and contacting the white people. To me, the difference between

7、black and white was that the white rode through town and never lived there. When I moved to a school in Jacksonville, I was taken as a black girl. It didnt depress me, though. Rather, I regarded as an advantage the history that my forefathers had been slaves. In my view, people of different colors a

8、re just the differently colored bags with almost the same contents in them. What is the text mainly about?Back48I. Structure AnalysisI. Structure AnalysisSpecific Details to a General Statement One of the basic structures of writing that we are familiar with is going from something general to someth

9、ing more specific, yet this time we have the other way round. The writer starts from details and then comes to a general statementor a conclusion. Text StudyStructure Analysis48How I responded to white peopleas a child. (Para. 2)My impressions about the white people and the townspeoples attitude tow

10、ard them when I was little. (Para. 1)General statement: Though I was a black, I felt little difference fromthe white. (Para. 3)Text StudyStructure AnalysisI do not always feel colored. (Para. 6)It doesnt depress me, and Im ready to win the world. (Para. 5)General statement: Being colored does not ma

11、ke any difference to me. I feel to be the same as people of other colors.(Para. 7)A transitional paragraph: It was when I was thirteen that I had a keen sense that I was a black girl. (Para. 4)BOOK4Unit81. But the Northerners were something else again.(L6) (When the people in the town saw)the Northe

12、rners, (their reactions) would be quite different (from those towardthe Southerners). TranslationBOOK4Unit8 2. Not only did I enjoy the show, but I didnt mind the actors knowing that I liked it. (L10)I enjoyed watching travelers coming and going, and I did not mind those peoples knowing about that.

13、TranslationBOOK4Unit8BackN H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆譯譯練練習習盡管他不是靠盜竊為生，盡管他不是靠盜竊為生，但他經(jīng)常干些順手牽羊但他經(jīng)常干些順手牽羊的事。的事。Although he does not make a living by stealing, he often takes something in passing. BOOK4Unit84. . after a strange exchange of greetings . (L13) People in the South and people from t

14、he North spoke with different accents, or maybe the replies were not what was expected,so the greetings sounded strange. TranslationBOOK4Unit8我中斷了交談，接起了電話。他開始講話，但被過來上咖啡的服務生打斷了。I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.He started to speak, but was broken off when the waiter served us coffee

15、.5. break off suddenly stop talking BOOK4Unit8我們對所有那些捐出錢款的人深表謝意。We thanked all the people who have given of their money. 6. give of to give (money, time, etc.), esp. in a way that seems generous BOOK4Unit8N H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆譯譯練練習習BackBOOK4Unit87. I became a permanent brownlike the

16、 best shoe polish, guaranteed not to rub nor run. (L34) The writer is saying that her color is fast or fixed and will not come off, as the best brown shoe polish might do.What she intends to say is that she is now a person mature enough to stand between the white and the black. TranslationBOOK4Unit8

17、8. register v. to show or express a feeling聽到她失蹤的消息，歐文臉上流露出詫異和震驚的表情。When Owen heard that shes missing, surprise and shock registered on his face.BOOK4Unit8N H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆譯譯練練習習Back人要學會控制情緒，做到人要學會控制情緒，做到不以物喜，不以己悲。不以物喜，不以己悲。One should learn to keep his emotion under such control

18、 that external gains cant register thrill with him and personal losses cant register sorrow with him, either. BOOK4Unit8 be recognized by 典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示使某人吃驚使某人吃驚: 使某人興奮使某人興奮: 使某人失望使某人失望: Back知知識識鏈鏈接接BOOK4Unit89. The terrible war that made me an American instead of a slave said “On the line!

19、”. The period following the Civil War said “ Get set!”; and the generation before me said “Go!”. Like a foot race, I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the middle to look behind and weep. (L37) participate in the “race”get ready for the racestopBOOK4Unit8TranslationThese lines summarize

20、 the history of the black people in which they struggled for freedom. The writer intends to express the feeling that she will continue the efforts of her forefathers and would not pause to grieve over their fate in the past.BOOK4Unit810. The world to be won and nothing to be lost. (L42) This is sayi

21、ng that this is a very good bet: if I enter upon this bet I can win everything, the world, and if I lose, I lose nothing (or at l e a s t n o t a n y t h i n g i m p o r t a n t ) . TranslationBOOK4Unit811. It is thrilling to think, to know, that for any act of mine, I shall get twice as much praise

22、 or twice as much blame. (L 42) It is very exciting to think and understand this fact: if I did something good, I would get praise from both the black people and the white people, but once I did something wrong, I would receive blame from both the black world and the white world as well. Translation

23、BOOK4Unit812. in the main in general; on the wholel Her fellow students were in the main from wealthy backgrounds.l 結(jié)果基本上是令人滿意的。l 她的同學大都來自富有的家庭。l The result is, in the main, satisfactory.BOOK4Unit8opinion poll / speak high of 典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示總之；一般說來總之；一般說來: : 總的來說總的來說: :總的來說；大體上：總的來說；大體上：Back知

24、知識識鏈鏈接接BackIt is in the main true that mans nature at birth is good. But the differences in education, living environment and personal experiences make the distinction between good people and evil people. 大體上來說，人之初，性本善的大體上來說，人之初，性本善的說法沒錯。但是，后天教育、生說法沒錯。但是，后天教育、生活環(huán)境、個人經(jīng)歷的不同使人有活環(huán)境、個人經(jīng)歷的不同使人有了好壞之分。了好壞之分

25、。 BOOK4Unit813. prop up to prevent something from falling down by putting something else under or against itl He propped up his bike against a tree.l 你不能老是指望你的同事們支持你。l 他把自行車靠在一棵樹上。l You cant always expect your colleagues to prop you up. BOOK4Unit8N H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆譯譯練練習習政府要下大力支持農(nóng)

26、政府要下大力支持農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展，以提高農(nóng)民業(yè)發(fā)展，以提高農(nóng)民收入。收入。Back靠物質(zhì)利益維系的友靠物質(zhì)利益維系的友誼是不可能長久的。誼是不可能長久的。The friendship propped up with material benefits finds no way to last.BOOK4Unit814. But in the main, I feel like a brown bag of mixed items propped up against a wall. Against a wall in company with other bags, white, red and ye

27、llow. (L50) In general, I have the feeling that I am like a brown bag full of different items, leaning against a wall. There are also other bags of different color against the wall together with the brown bag. (It suggests that there are different racial groups living in the U.S.A.)TranslationSummar

28、yEnglish Equivalents of ChineseN H C EN H C E預習預習課文課文導入導入寫作寫作48 Chinese to English Chinese to English48 8.8. English to ChineseEnglish to Chinese48 Summary Summary As a young girl in a Negro town, Zora had no white neighbors, and to her, white people were only _ in that they traveled _ her hometown

29、but didnt live there. However, when she arrived at Jacksonville, she suffered a _. She was no longer Zora of Eatonville, but became the granddaughter of _. When she looked in a mirror, she was now looking at a little _ girl. This, however, had no _ effect on her. To her, _ was something in the _. Th

30、e Civil War had made her a _ American citizen and had given her the opportunity to push ahead and _ in life. She felt she had nothing to _ but everything to _. The insight we can get from the writers perspective is to see things the confines of our past so as to look to what the future holds for us

31、because if we dwell our past, whether glorious or we will the golden chance of reaching new peaks of brilliance.different throughchangeblackillslaveryslavespastfullsucceedlosegainbeyondforwarduponmiserableloseN H C EN H C EBack從從中獲得樂趣中獲得樂趣 是某人的前排座位是某人的前排座位打招呼打招呼 正好趕上做某事正好趕上做某事 打斷談話打斷談話 區(qū)別區(qū)別 慷慨地把某物給某

32、人慷慨地把某物給某人 不贊成，反對不贊成，反對 遭遇了巨大的變化遭遇了巨大的變化 漢英互譯漢英互譯 短語活用短語活用 句式應用句式應用 隨隨 筆筆 to get pleasure out of sth. to be a front row seat for sb. an exchange of greetings (just) in time to do sth. to break off the conversationto differ from to give sb. generously of sth. to disapprove ofto suffer a huge change E

33、nglish Equivalents of Chinese預習預習課文課文導入導入寫作寫作N H C EN H C E各就各位各就各位 為某事所付的代價為某事所付的代價 感覺懵懂無知的佐拉感覺懵懂無知的佐拉 有有共同點共同點 腐朽腐朽 被被的重量壓彎的重量壓彎 on the line the price one pays for sth. to achieve the unconscious Zora to have sth. in common to decay away English Equivalents of Chinese漢英互譯漢英互譯 短語活用短語活用 句式應用句式應用 隨隨

34、筆筆 Back預習預習課文課文導入導入寫作寫作to bend under the weight of sth. N H C EN H C E又是另一回事又是另一回事 在（某人）手邊在（某人）手邊/ /近旁近旁 使某人沮喪使某人沮喪 基本上；大體上基本上；大體上 與與一起一起 漢英互譯漢英互譯 短語活用短語活用 句式應用句式應用 隨隨 筆筆 Back預習預習課文課文導入導入寫作寫作Creative Application of Typical Expressionsto be something else again / another thing at ones elbow to regist

35、er depression with sb. in the main in company with有時候我不屬于任何人種，我就是我自己。但有時候我不屬于任何人種，我就是我自己。但我大體上還是感覺自己像一只靠墻立著的裝滿我大體上還是感覺自己像一只靠墻立著的裝滿各種雜物的棕色袋子?？繅α⒅倪€有其他顏各種雜物的棕色袋子?？繅α⒅倪€有其他顏色的袋子，白色的，紅色的，黃色的。色的袋子，白色的，紅色的，黃色的。 BackN H C EN H C E原原 句句 譯譯 文文逆逆 譯譯 練練 習習At certain times I have no race, I am me. But in the ma

36、in, I feel like a brown bag of mixed items propped up against a wallagainst a wall in company with other bags, white, red and yellow. At certain times, sb. do / be sth. But in the main, sb. do / be sth. else. 有時候，某人有時候，某人，但從整，但從整體上講，某人體上講，某人 N H C EN H C E句句 式式 提提 煉煉應應 用用 提提 示示用于表述用于表述“某人的主流心態(tài)狀態(tài)某人的主

37、流心態(tài)狀態(tài)”。 Backtell white lies / a person worthy of trust At certain times, he tells white lies. But in the main, he is a person worthy of trust.N H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示BackBackN H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆譯譯練練習習我有時夢想一夜成名。我有時夢想一夜成名。但我總體上認為沒有但我總體上認為沒有超常的付出不會有非超常的付出不會有非凡的成就。凡的成就。N H

38、C EN H C E活活 用用 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示Back有時候，我也渴望縱情地生有時候，我也渴望縱情地生活，盡情享受現(xiàn)代生活帶來活，盡情享受現(xiàn)代生活帶來的一切快樂。但從整體上講，的一切快樂。但從整體上講，我還是感到自己是一個清心我還是感到自己是一個清心寡欲的人。寡欲的人。At certain times, I also aspire to live with abandon, enjoying to the fullest every pleasure modern life brings about. But in the main, I feel like a person

39、 who controls his passions and has few desires.從我內(nèi)心里講，我渴望像百合花那樣無憂無從我內(nèi)心里講，我渴望像百合花那樣無憂無慮地生活。但在我腦海里我還是覺得有必要慮地生活。但在我腦海里我還是覺得有必要為家庭、為社會、為民族擔負起自己的責任。為家庭、為社會、為民族擔負起自己的責任。這也正是我所有的牽掛。這也正是我所有的牽掛。In my heart, I desire to be like lilies, living a care-free life. But in my head, I feel a need to bear my responsi

40、bility for my family, my society and my nation, which is what all my concern is with.奴隸身份并沒有讓我失去什么奴隸身份并沒有讓我失去什么Para. 1a 我清楚地記得我成為黑人的那一天。我清楚地記得我成為黑人的那一天。13 歲歲之前我一直住在佛羅里達州的一個黑人小鎮(zhèn)伊之前我一直住在佛羅里達州的一個黑人小鎮(zhèn)伊 頓頓維爾。小鎮(zhèn)的居民全是黑人。我所認識的白人都是維爾。小鎮(zhèn)的居民全是黑人。我所認識的白人都是來自佛羅里達的奧蘭多或是去往奧蘭多的過路人。來自佛羅里達的奧蘭多或是去往奧蘭多的過路人。本地的白人騎著風塵仆仆的

41、馬匹，而北方來的旅游本地的白人騎著風塵仆仆的馬匹，而北方來的旅游者則駕著汽車沿著鄉(xiāng)下的沙土路一者則駕著汽車沿著鄉(xiāng)下的沙土路一 路駛來。路駛來。 Para. 1b 小鎮(zhèn)的人見慣了南方人，因此他們經(jīng)小鎮(zhèn)的人見慣了南方人，因此他們經(jīng)過時小鎮(zhèn)的人照舊大嚼甘蔗。但是看到北方人過時小鎮(zhèn)的人照舊大嚼甘蔗。但是看到北方人則則 是另一回事。膽怯的人躲在窗簾后小心翼翼是另一回事。膽怯的人躲在窗簾后小心翼翼地偷看他們，膽大的則會走到屋外看著他們經(jīng)地偷看他們，膽大的則會走到屋外看著他們經(jīng)過，感到很有趣，就像這些旅游者看到這村莊過，感到很有趣，就像這些旅游者看到這村莊也感到很有趣一樣。也感到很有趣一樣。Para. 2a

42、 門前平臺可能是鎮(zhèn)上其他人不敢去門前平臺可能是鎮(zhèn)上其他人不敢去的地方，但對我來說，那兒就像前排座位一的地方，但對我來說，那兒就像前排座位一樣。我最愛坐在門柱上。我喜歡在那兒看人樣。我最愛坐在門柱上。我喜歡在那兒看人們來來往往，也不在乎讓那些人知道我喜歡們來來往往，也不在乎讓那些人知道我喜歡看他們，通常還與他們搭幾句話。我向他們看他們，通常還與他們搭幾句話。我向他們揮手，如果他們也向我揮手，我還會與他們揮手，如果他們也向我揮手，我還會與他們打招呼。打招呼。 Para. 2b 騎馬或駕車的人通常會停下來，我騎馬或駕車的人通常會停下來，我們不可思議地互打招呼之后，我可能會隨著們不可思議地互打招呼之后

43、，我可能會隨著他們他們 “顛兒幾步顛兒幾步” ，這是我們佛羅里達最，這是我們佛羅里達最南邊的說法，意思是跟著他們走上一小段路。南邊的說法，意思是跟著他們走上一小段路。如果正巧趕上家里人來到房前看見我，他們?nèi)绻哨s上家里人來到房前看見我，他們就會毫不客氣地打斷我們的交談。就會毫不客氣地打斷我們的交談。Para. 3a 那段日子里，在我看來，白人和黑那段日子里，在我看來，白人和黑人的區(qū)別只不過是他們路過小鎮(zhèn)，但從不住人的區(qū)別只不過是他們路過小鎮(zhèn)，但從不住在這里。他們喜歡聽我在這里。他們喜歡聽我 “說幾句說幾句” ，喜歡，喜歡聽我唱歌，看我跳舞，并為此大方地給我小聽我唱歌，看我跳舞，并為此大方地給

44、我小銀幣。這倒使我感到意外，因為我太愿意跟銀幣。這倒使我感到意外，因為我太愿意跟他們他們 “說上幾句說上幾句” ，太愿意為他們唱歌跳，太愿意為他們唱歌跳舞了，他們給我錢時我才會停下來。舞了，他們給我錢時我才會停下來。 Para. 3b 只是他們不知道這一點。黑人不會只是他們不知道這一點。黑人不會給我錢，對我表現(xiàn)出的任何一點歡樂的苗頭，給我錢，對我表現(xiàn)出的任何一點歡樂的苗頭，他們都不贊同。但我仍然是他們的佐拉，我他們都不贊同。但我仍然是他們的佐拉，我是屬于他們，屬于周圍的旅館，屬于那個地是屬于他們，屬于周圍的旅館，屬于那個地方，屬于每一個人的佐拉。方，屬于每一個人的佐拉。 Para. 4 但我但

45、我13歲時，家里發(fā)生了變故，我被送歲時，家里發(fā)生了變故，我被送到杰克遜維爾的學校去了。離開伊頓維爾時我到杰克遜維爾的學校去了。離開伊頓維爾時我還是我，佐拉?？稍诮芸诉d維爾下了船后，原還是我，佐拉?？稍诮芸诉d維爾下了船后，原來的佐拉不復存在了。我似乎發(fā)生了巨大的變來的佐拉不復存在了。我似乎發(fā)生了巨大的變化，我再也不是伊頓維爾的佐拉了，我現(xiàn)在成化，我再也不是伊頓維爾的佐拉了，我現(xiàn)在成了個小黑妞，在好些方面都是。在鏡中，在內(nèi)了個小黑妞，在好些方面都是。在鏡中，在內(nèi)心深處，我變成了永遠不黑不白的棕色人心深處，我變成了永遠不黑不白的棕色人就像最好的鞋油，抹不掉，不褪色。就像最好的鞋油，抹不掉，不褪色。 Para