六級(jí)寫作沖刺引言式作文的寫作技巧

1、六級(jí)寫作沖刺 引言式作文的寫法近年來(lái), 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試多套試題中均采用了引言型命題方式, 即要求考生通過(guò)評(píng)論 一句話 (一般是名言或諺語(yǔ) 來(lái)寫一篇作文。題目中引言常常表達(dá)抽象人生哲理,所以引言型 作文迥異于分析具體社會(huì)現(xiàn)象作文。 面對(duì)這種抽象題目, 一些考生很不適應(yīng), 感覺(jué)束手無(wú)策 無(wú)從下筆,而且模板和套話也派不上用場(chǎng)。本文擬通過(guò) 2013年 6月三道作文真題來(lái)分析引 言型作文寫作攻略,以幫助考生更好地應(yīng)對(duì)這一寫作題型。第一、審題立意引言型作文要求考生根據(jù)一句名言或諺語(yǔ)來(lái)寫一篇作文。 由于名言或諺語(yǔ)往往言簡(jiǎn)意賅 既深刻又抽象, 所以要寫好此類作文仔細(xì)審題就顯得格外重要。 考生要準(zhǔn)確把握名言或

2、諺語(yǔ) 所蘊(yùn)含意義。2013年 6月六級(jí)考試三道作文題目題目一Directions :For this part you areallowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “ Earth providesenough to satisfy every man s need but not every man s greed。 ” You can citeexamples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but nomore t

3、han 200 words 。審題:本題引用印度圣雄甘地一句名言。 前半句話意思是, 地球是人類賴以生存家園為 人類提供了所需要一切; 后半句話意思是人類過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)會(huì)造成地球資源枯竭, 環(huán)境惡化威脅 到人類自身生存。 綜合起來(lái)甘地這句名言啟示:人類應(yīng)當(dāng)合理地利用自然資源不要向地球過(guò) 度索取題目二Directions :For this part you are allowed 30 minutes towrite an essay commenting on the remark “ Good habits result from resistingtemptation。 ” You can c

4、ite examples to illustrate your point. You should writeat least 150 words but no more than 200 words。審題:本題引言是一句古老諺語(yǔ), 意思是要形成良好習(xí)慣必須經(jīng)受住誘惑, 由于每天都 面臨著各種各樣誘惑, 所以要形成良好習(xí)慣絕非易事。 這個(gè)諺語(yǔ)之所以能夠流傳千百年它道 出了人們切身感受。題目三Directions :For this part you are allowed 30 minutes towrite an essay commenting on the remark “ A smil

5、e is the shortest distancebetween two people。 ” You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You shouldwrite at least 150 words but no more than 200 words。審題:本題中名言出自美國(guó)著名鋼琴家、 幽默作家 Victor Borg。 這句名言本身不難理解, 意為:微笑能夠拉近人與人之間關(guān)系。第二、謀篇布局從 2011年 12月起六級(jí)作文寫作指令中不再包含三條提綱。 這讓一些考生方寸大亂, 不 知道作文該寫成幾個(gè)段落,其實(shí)六級(jí)考試引言型作文仍

6、以三段布局為佳。第一段:引出名言并用通俗語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)要解釋其蘊(yùn)含意義。 這一段任務(wù)是亮出觀點(diǎn), 宜簡(jiǎn)潔 明快。一般不要超過(guò)三句話。第二段論證名言正確性。這一段是作文重心所在,考生要不惜筆墨把道理講透。第三段先簡(jiǎn)要議論,然后提出解決問(wèn)題建議或者號(hào)召大家踐行這個(gè)道理。結(jié)尾段雖無(wú)實(shí)質(zhì)性分析卻也不可或缺。 它會(huì)使作文意思和結(jié)構(gòu)更圓滿。 人寫文章講究 “鳳 頭、豬肚、豹尾”說(shuō)開(kāi)頭要精彩,主體部分要內(nèi)容充實(shí),結(jié)尾要簡(jiǎn)潔有力,這一審美要求也 適用于六級(jí)英語(yǔ)作文。第三、論證方法引言型作文主體段落要論述名言或諺語(yǔ)正確性。這就要求考生掌握一些特殊論證技巧。由于名言或諺語(yǔ)所蘊(yùn)含哲理往往比較抽象。因此筆者建議考生“虛”題“

7、實(shí)”寫,即通 過(guò)擺事實(shí)來(lái)講道理,不要空發(fā)議論。下面筆者推薦兩種論證抽象道理實(shí)用方法。1. 列舉事實(shí)對(duì)于比較抽象道理, 考生不要空泛地議論。 大多數(shù)考生詞匯量和表達(dá)能力尚不足以應(yīng)付 抽象論證, 要證明抽象道理最好方法用事實(shí)說(shuō)話。 考生可以在第二段里列舉出具體事實(shí)、 研 究結(jié)果、 調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)等來(lái)證明這個(gè)名言或諺語(yǔ)正確性。 例如就此次六級(jí)考試第一道作文題目來(lái) 說(shuō), 考生可以在第二段舉出人類濫砍、 濫伐森林事實(shí)從而證明人類對(duì)自然資源過(guò)度開(kāi)采會(huì)威 脅到自身生存。請(qǐng)看下面范文:Deforestation is a good case in point. Trees give us the oxygen we

8、 breathe thepaper we use and the fruits we eat. But forests the cradle of manycivilizations have been shrinking at an alarming rate. Man has been ruthlesslycutting down trees to meet his insatiable appetite for timber firewood orfarmland contributing to the greenhouse effect which scientists believe

9、 couldbe disastrous for human beings if we do not stop this insanity。2. 講述故事對(duì)于一些生活哲理, 考生可以用生活中具體例子來(lái)證明其正確性。 最好能舉出大家熟悉名人軼事, 若一時(shí)想不起名人軼事考生, 也可以講述身邊普通人故事。 這是降低寫作難度竅 門。 講述故事無(wú)論是從遣詞還是造句來(lái)說(shuō), 都比抽象論證更容易下筆。 這種寫法化抽象為具 體從而實(shí)現(xiàn)化難為易。 例如, 就本次六級(jí)考試第二道作文題目而言考生可以在第二段舉出熟 悉人事例,從而證明只有經(jīng)受住誘惑才能形成良好習(xí)慣。請(qǐng)看下面范文David Liu, my immediat

10、e superior, is now as fit as a fiddle. But who knows he used to be a sickly mansometimes coughing so badly as to gasp for breath? Itwas all because of his heavy smoking. He decided to embrace a healthy lifestylehalf a year ago. It was no easy job for him but he overcame the temptation tosmoke and ha

11、s become alive and kicking。上面范文以身邊人為例, 講述了此人經(jīng)受住抽煙誘惑, 成功戒煙從而養(yǎng)成良好生活習(xí)慣, 并恢復(fù)健康故事, 以此證明了這句諺語(yǔ)正確性。 除此之外, 考生也可以舉出發(fā)生在身上事例, 例如通過(guò)講述親身經(jīng)歷來(lái)證明微笑力量,請(qǐng)看下面范文Let me share a personal experience. One awful morning everything went wrong:the alarm clock broke down; I got up late; I hurried to work only tofind the key left

12、in my room after slamming the door shut. You can imagine myfrustration. On my way to work I tried smiling to cheer myself up. I forced abig smile on my face. It was a hard task for me at first as I was down. But itworked! Every person I smiled at smiled back. Somenodded some flashed a grin and some

13、commented on the weather. By the time I gotto the office I was a happy man again。六級(jí)作文話題將不再局限于考生所熟悉校園生活類話題, 它們會(huì)變得更加抽象, 因而難 度大增。 考生對(duì)此要有充分心理準(zhǔn)備。 除了掌握本文所介紹攻略, 建議考生多閱讀多積累句 型和寫作素材才能保證在 30分鐘內(nèi)寫出一篇質(zhì)量上乘作文。開(kāi)頭句型 6大寫法1對(duì)立法先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 適用于有爭(zhēng)議性的主題。1 When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majorit

14、 y of people say that . But I think/view a bit differently.2 When it comes to ., some people believe that. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.3 Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/

15、held/acknowledged that. They claim/ believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether.2現(xiàn)象法引出要剖析的現(xiàn)象或者問(wèn)題,然后評(píng)論。1 Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of . has caused/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.2 Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of .has been brought into focus/into p

16、ublic attention.3 Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.3觀點(diǎn)法開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山,直接了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲎约簩?duì)要討論的問(wèn)題的看法。1 Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware that.2 Now there is a(n growing awar

17、eness/recognition of the necessity to.3 Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of .4 Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.4引用法先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,來(lái)引出文章要展開(kāi)論述的觀點(diǎn)。1 "Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been

18、 shared by more and more people.2 "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.3 "." We often hear statements/words like those/this.4 We often hear such traditional complains as this ".".5比較法通過(guò)對(duì)過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在兩種不同的傾向、觀點(diǎn)的比較,引出文章要討論的觀 點(diǎn)。1 For years, .had been viewed as . But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ., people .2 People used to think that . (In the past, . But people now share this new idea.6故事法先講一個(gè)較短的故事來(lái)引發(fā)讀者的興趣,引出文章的主題。 (建議少用1 Once in (a