牛津上海版7A--Unit3筆記

1、Unit 3 Friends from other countries一、詞組歸納：..8.friends from other countries for example a crowded city = a busy city be crowded with= be filled with / be full of walk across the crowds over = more than read about sth.in magazines and newspapersin another count

2、ry in other countries know about sth. favourite subjects male and female be interested in show great interest in penfrieds from different countries nowadays =today make friends with 來自其他國家的朋友例如 一個(gè)擁擠的城市 擠滿了，充滿了19.like doing sth.=enjoy doing sth. / be interested in doing sth. tell sb. about sth.a twel

3、ve-year-old girl穿過人群 超過 閱讀與有關(guān)的 在雜志和報(bào)紙上 在另一個(gè)國家 在其他國家了解最喜愛的學(xué)科 男性和女性 對(duì)感興趣 顯示極大的興趣 來自不同國家的筆友 如今 和交朋友 喜歡做某事20.21.= a girl of twelve years old22. look forward to doing sth.23. hear from sb.= get a letter from sb./receive a letter from sb.24. a list of 25. look up the word in the dictionary26. hobbies = in

4、terests 27.over six million people28. hundreds of years29. most of30. people from other countries31. call them Canadians32. near = close to33. far away from = far from告訴某人某事 一個(gè) 12 歲的女孩盼望做某事 收到某人的來信一張的清單 在字典里查這個(gè)單詞 興趣愛好 超過六百萬人 數(shù)百年 大多數(shù) 來自其他國家的人們 叫他們加拿大人 在附近 離遠(yuǎn)34. at school在學(xué)校35. a boy from Canada一個(gè)來自加拿

5、大的男孩36. be your penfriend成為你的筆友37. ride bicycle騎自行車38. tell me about yourself告訴我你自己的情況39. send your name to my school把你的名字送到學(xué)校40. enjoy yourself = have a good time玩得愉快41. Help yourself to sth隨便吃42. foreigners in Garden City在花園城市的外國人43. call sb. sth把某人稱作44. be near 靠近be far (away) from 遠(yuǎn)離45. write (a

6、 letter) to sb.寫信給某人46. know about了解47. be interested in對(duì)感興趣二、新單詞 / 詞組講解：1. Britain?n.? 英國 ?表示“英國”的單詞有 Britain 、England 和 the?UK.?England 原指英格蘭，它是英語四大行政區(qū)中最大的一個(gè)，所以常用來指英國； ?Britain?指不列顛島，包括 England（英格蘭）、Scotiand（蘇格蘭）、和 Wales（威爾 士）三個(gè)行政區(qū)，因此也常用來表示英國，也稱the?Great?Britain;?the?UK 是英國國名 ?the?United?Kingdom的縮

7、寫； ?英國全稱是 :?the?United?Kingdom?of?Great?Britain?and?North?Ireland大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯(lián)合王國?the?British? 常常用于表示“（統(tǒng)稱）英國人” ?2.Toronto?Junior?High?School? 多倫多初級(jí)中學(xué) ?Toronto?n.? 多倫多（加拿大港市） ?junior?adj.? 初等的；初級(jí)的?junior?high?school? 初級(jí)中學(xué) ?senior?adj.? 高等的；高級(jí)的；年長的 ?senior?high?school? 高級(jí)中3.primary?adj.? 初等教育的，小學(xué)的 ?prima

8、ry?school? 小學(xué) foreigner?n.? 外國人 ?Nowadays,?more?and?more?foreigners?come?to?stay?and?work?in?Shang hai.?foreign?adj.? 外國的 ?a?foreign?language?4. crowded?adj.? 擁擠的 ?Shanghai ?is ?a? crowded? city.?Nanjing? Road ?is ?always ?crowded ?with? people.?三、語法點(diǎn)：1. 【記憶】 國家人民國籍Country?國家?Peopie?人民?Natio nality?

9、國籍?Canada?Can adia n( s)?Can adia nThe?USA/?America?America n(s)?America n?The?UK/?Britai n/En gla ndBritish/E nglishma n(me n)?British/E nglish?I ndia?I ndia n(s)?I ndia n?Australia?Australia n(s)?Australia n?Japan?Japan ese(s)?JapaneseGerma nyGerman ？Germa nFrancefrenchman (men)frenchItalyItalia n

10、( s)?Italia nThaila ndThaiThaiChi naChin ese(s)Chin ese夕卜國的 >>>> foreig ner n.n. 德國 >>>> Germa n（s） adj. 稱重 >>>> weight n. 重量高的 >>>> height n. 高度國家的，民族的>>>> n ati on國籍 >>>> intern atio nal adj.興趣，愛好，利益，利息 >>>> intere

11、sted（主語是人）adj.主語是物）adj.令人感興趣的，有趣的> crowd?n.?人群2. 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：外國人德國的，德國人n .國家國際的in terested> >> foreig n adj. Germany weigh v. high adj. n ati onal adj. n ati on ality n. in terest n.感興趣的>>>> in teresti ng （ crowded?adj.?擁擠的3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)A. 概念及用法：1. 表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。（本單元重點(diǎn)）?常用詞：already

12、、yet、just、ever？2. 表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。 此用法中要求動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。？常用詞：since （連接時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)）（尚未學(xué)過）？?？for （連接時(shí)間的一段）（預(yù)備班已學(xué)）？B. 結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has?+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞？（不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞要專門記憶。）?？a. ?肯定句：？l?have?visited?the?UK.? It ' s?far?away?from?China.?b. ?否定句:?I?haven ' t?visited?the?UK?yet.?c. ?疑問句:?Have?you?visited?the?U

13、K?yet?'t.?Yes,?l?have./?No,?l?havenC. ?動(dòng)詞過去式及過去分詞的構(gòu)成:?規(guī)則變化？一般情況下在動(dòng)詞詞尾直接加-ed.?e.g.?j ump jump ed-jum ped 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加-d.?e.g.?love? loved-loved? 以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去 y 變 i+ed;?e.g.?study studied-studied?以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加 -ed.?e.g.?st op stopp ed-sto pp ed?不規(guī)則變化（需專門記憶）？D. ?have/h

14、as?gone?to ？和?have/has?been?to 的區(qū)別：？have/has?g on e?to? ?某人去了某地（主語不在出發(fā)地）？?？ have/has?bee n? to?？?？?某人去過某地（主語不在目的地）?【例句】He?has?gone?to?Beijing.?他去北京了。？He?has?bee n?to?Beiji ng?three?times.?他去過北京三次了。E. ?have/has?been?to?和?have/has?been?in?的區(qū)別：？have/has?been?to強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過程？have/has?bee n?in 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的狀態(tài)（通常與表示一段時(shí)

15、間的時(shí)間狀語連用）？【例句】They?have?been?to?Europe?onee.?They?have?bee n?in ?Euro pe?for?10?years.?F. ?already?和?yet?already?用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句中，表示已經(jīng)，可置于句中或句尾;?yet?用于否定句或疑問句中，常用于句末?！纠洹?l?have?already?finished?my?homework.?Have?you?fi ni shed?your?homework?yet?No,?not?yet./?No,?l?haven' t?finished?my?homework?yet.

16、?G. ?sinee?和？for?在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中經(jīng)常用si nee和for連接時(shí)間狀語,?s ince所指的是一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for所 指的是一段時(shí)間。該用法強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性，因此句中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。？ a）?si nce+時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)：？si nee 作介詞 + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)？（sin ee?2002）?since作連詞,?引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，從句中動(dòng)詞需用一般過去時(shí)?！纠洹?Mark?has?learned?Chi nese?si nce?2002.?Mark?has?learned?Chi nese?si nce?he?came?to?Ch in a.?b）?fo 葉【例句】一段時(shí)間?

17、: ?Mark?has?learned?Ch in ese?for?7?years.?c）?對(duì)for?及since?連接的時(shí)間狀語提問均用 how?long ?He?has?learned?Chinese? for?7?years. ?/?He?has?learned?Chinese? since?7?year s?ago. f ?How?long?has?he?learned?Chinese?d)?短暫性動(dòng)詞不可出現(xiàn)在含有since/?for的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如需使用，則要轉(zhuǎn)換為表示 延 續(xù)性狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。？?has?died ?for?5?years.x?has?been?dead ?for?5

18、?years.【例句】？His?grandfather應(yīng)改為:His?gra ndfather四、重點(diǎn)句型：?600多萬人居住在花園城。1. Over six? million ?people?live?in?Garden?City.? over相當(dāng)于more?than，是“超過；多于”的意思，常常放在數(shù)詞的前面。那本詞典【例句】 There? are? over? 5000? adjectives ?in? that ?dictio nary.? 中有5000多個(gè)形容詞。 six?million 即?6000000.?六百萬？?較大數(shù)詞的讀法小結(jié)：？?數(shù)字讀法法則654six?h un dr

19、ed?a nd?fifty-four百位數(shù)與十位數(shù)間要用 andon e?thousa nd?seve n?hun dred?a n1,718d?eightee n千位數(shù)與百位數(shù)間無an d?twen ty-seve n thousa nd one27,105hun dred and five千位數(shù)前的數(shù)字照一位數(shù)、兩位數(shù)on e?h un dred?a nd?eight?thousa nd或二位數(shù)的讀法讀108,?221?two?hu ndred?a nd?twe nty-o ne?兩個(gè)“，”由左到右依次代表“百萬位”和“千位”，而這些“，”?2,700,56two?milli on? se

20、ve n?hu ndred?thous前后的數(shù)字可按一、二、三位數(shù)的0?an d?five?h un dred?a nd?sixty讀法讀，在“，”處相應(yīng)加上單位million 禾口 thousand 即可。2. ?What?do?we?call? peo pl e?from?Ca nada?我們?nèi)绾畏Q呼來自加拿大的人呢?We?call?them?Canadians.?我們把他們稱為加拿大人。? call?sb.?sth.? “把稱作？ 【例句】 His?name?is?Richard,?but?we?call?him?Dick.3. We?can?visit?countries?near?o

21、r?far?away?from?China.? 我們可以訪問那些距離 中國或近或遠(yuǎn)的國家。 ?本句中near 和 far?away?from? 是一對(duì)反義詞，表示“距離近”和“距離遠(yuǎn)” near?or?far?away?from?China? 做后置定語修飾 countries.?我們同樣可4. We?can?also?read?about?them?in?magazines?and?newspapers.?以通過閱讀雜志和報(bào)紙了解這些國家。 ? ?read?about? 讀到過;?通過閱讀了解 ,?【例句】 I?have?read?about?the?accident?in?the?fact

22、ory.? ？read?與？read?about?read 表示“閱讀”，后接書籍、報(bào)刊、雜志；read?about?表示“閱讀與有關(guān)的”，相當(dāng)于read?something?about,?后接某個(gè)對(duì)象或事件。 ? ？表示“在報(bào)紙、雜志上”時(shí)，介詞用“ in ”而不用“ on ”5. What is your nationality = What nationality are you = Where are you from= Where do you come from 你是什么國籍？ = 你來自哪里？ I ' m?Chinese.?nationality?n.? 國籍?在回答這個(gè)

23、問題時(shí)， 要使用形容詞，如 Chinese,?Japanese 等。你想了解筆友哪些方面6. What?would?you?like?to?know?about?your?penfriend? 的情況？ ?【know?與？know?about?】我認(rèn)識(shí)那邊的那個(gè)人。 ?你知道周杰倫嗎？ 我想知道他上學(xué)時(shí)最喜歡的?know 表示“認(rèn)識(shí)；知道” ，而 know?about 表示“知道關(guān)于 ?的事情【例句】 I ?know ?that ?man ?over ?there.? Do? you ?know ?about ?Jay ?Chou?7. I 'd?like?to?know?his?fa

24、vorite?subjects?at?school.?學(xué)科。?【at?school?與？at?the?school?】 at?school? 是“在上學(xué)，在求學(xué)”的意思， school 前不加 the 。如使用 at?the?school ， 則表示“在學(xué)?！钡囊馑?，沒有求學(xué)的含義。 ?自從我們上學(xué)時(shí)認(rèn)【例句】 We 've?been?friends?ever?since?we?met?at?school. 識(shí)后就一直是好朋友。 ?8. ?Sex（M/F ）性別（男性 /女性） ?M 代表 male 男性， F 代表 female 女性?國際筆友會(huì)把你的9. ?Penfriends?I

25、nternational?sent?your?name?to?my?school.?名字寄到了我校。 ?send-sent-sent?send?sth.?to?sb.?send?sb.?sth.?把寄（送）給 Thank?you?for?sending?me?those?cards.=?Thank?you?for?sending?those?cards? to?me.10. ?I?am?in?Grade?7.?我讀七年級(jí)。？表示就讀于某個(gè)班級(jí)或年級(jí)時(shí)，應(yīng)使用介詞in。?【例句】I' m?in?Class?2,?Grade?7.11. Which cou ntry have you vi

26、sited你去過哪一個(gè)國家？Which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，用“ Which+名詞”進(jìn)行提問。五、小作文：A?letter?to?my? penfriend范文：？?(date)?Dear?Tha nks?for?your?letter?a nd?your? photogra ph.?l?would?like?to?b e?yo ur?penfnen d,?too.?I ' m?Chinese.?I ' m?the?same?age?as?you?and?we?have?the?sam e?i nterest?i n?pl ayi ng?co mp uter?games.?So?l

27、?wa nt?to?make?a?frie nd?with?you.?There?are?five ?p eo ple?i n?my?family.?I?have?o ne?brother.? His?name?is?Charles.?I?have?o ne?sister.?Her? name?is?Li nda.?We?have?a? pet?cat.?Her? name?is?Kitty.?l?go?to?No.1?Middle?School .?Maths?a nd?E nglish?are?my?favourite?subjects.?l?like? playi ng?p ia no

28、?an d?badmi nto n.? What?about?you?Write?soo n.?Yours?六、練習(xí)：I Choose?the?best?a nswer.?(選擇正確的答案)？(?)?1. ?Which?city?is?the?ca pi tal?of?E ngla nd? ?is?the?ca pi tal?of?E ngla nd.?A.?Beiji ng?B.?Lo ndon ?C. ?P airs?D.? Tokyo?(?)?2.?There?are?two? ?five?hu ndred?a nd?sixty?stude nts?i n?ou r?school.?A.

29、?millio n?B.?millio ns?C.?thousa nds? ?D.?thousa nd?(?)?3.?Would?you?like?Coke? ?A.?a?B.?all?C.?some?D.? all?(?)?4.?Alice?is?good?playing?p ia no.?A.?for,?B.?at,?a?C.?at,?the?D .?for,?the?(?)?5.?Peter?been?to?Thailand?A.?Have,?already?B.?Has,?already?C.?Have,?yet?D.?Has,?yet?(?)?6.?I?don ' t?kno

30、w?Linda.?But?I?something?_?her.?A.?hear,?from?B.?know,?about?C.?know,?fro m?D.?hear,?about?(?)?7.?What?food?would?you?like?A.?to?eat?B.?eat?C.?eating?D.?to?eating?(?)?8.?There?a?sports?meeting?in?our?school?next?autumn.?A.?will?have?B.?is?going?to?have?C.?is? ?D.?is?going?to?be?II.?Complete?the?sent

31、ences?with?the?given?words?in?their?prop er?forms. ( 用括號(hào)中 所給單詞 的適當(dāng) 形式 填空 )1.?They?can?see?many?2.?Our?teacher?(difference)?signs?in?the?park.?(warning)?us?not?to?play?ball?games?i n?the?corridor?yesterday.?(hike)?on?their?hol?(inform)?in?our?comput3. ?Many?American?young?people?go?iday.4.?We?can?sto

32、rm?a?lot?of?5.?At?the?er.?按要?(begin)?of?the?lesson,?the?teacher?told?us?a?story. III.?Rewrite?the?following?sentences?as?required.?改為否 定句）?求改寫句子）?You?1.?You?should?feed?your?pet?at?the?table.?feed?your?pet?at?the?table.?2. ?His?sister?was?very?happy.( 改 為 反 義 疑 問 句 ) ?？ ? （就劃線部分His?sister?was?very?h

33、appy? ， ?3. ?He?didn ' t?come?to?school?today?because?he?was?ill.?提 問 ) ?he?come?to?school?today?4. ?The?Greens?se?a?film?once?a?month.?( 就 劃 線 部 分 提 問 ) ?do?the?Greens?see?a?film?5. ?This?is?an?interesting?book.?( 改 為感 嘆句 )?this?book?is!?IV.?Readi ng?(A)The?United?States?cove rs?a?large?part?of

34、?the?North?Amer ica n?continent. ?Its?n eighbors?a re?Canada?to?the?north,?and? Mexico?to?the?south. ?Although?the?United?States?is?a?big?co un try, ?it?is ?no t?th e? largest? in ?the?world. ?W he n?this?la nd?first?became?a ?n at i on, ?after?w innin g? its?i ndependen ce?from ?E ngla nd,?it?had?t

35、hirtee n? states. ?E ach?of?t he?states?was?represented?on?the?American?flag?by?a?star. ? All?these?states?were?in?the?eastern?part?of?the?continent. ?A s?the?nation?grew?towa rd?the?we st,?new? states?were?added?a nd?n e w? stars?a pp eared ? on? t he?fl ag. ?For?a? Ion g?time,?there? we re?48? sta

36、tes. ?ln ?1959,?two?more?stars?we re? add ed ?to ?t he? fl ag,?represe nting ?the?new? states?of?Alaska?and?Hawa ii. ?Tr ue ?o r?F alse. ?(?)?1.?Mexico?is?to?the?south?of?the?U ni ted?States.? (?)?2.?There?have? never?bee n?fights?or?wars?betwee n?Brita in ?a nd?the?U nited?States.(?)?3.?At?first?th

37、ere?were?13?stars?o n? the?America n? Natio nal?FIag.?(?)?4.?The?first?13?states?lay?i n?the?west?of?the?America n?continen t.?(?)?5.?Now?there?are?50?stars?o n?the?America n?Natio nal?Flag.?(B)Choose?the?words?or?ex pressi on s?to?co mp lete?the ?p assage.?All?aro un d?th e?world , ?peopl e?d ri nk?tea. ?But?tea?d