超聲無(wú)損檢測(cè)術(shù)語(yǔ)

1、1 范圍本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)界定了用于超聲無(wú)損檢測(cè)方法的術(shù)語(yǔ)，作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和一般使用的共同基礎(chǔ)。2 一般術(shù)語(yǔ)2.1聲吸收acoustical absorption2.2聲各向異性acoustical anisotropy2.3聲阻抗acoustical impedance2.4聲影acoustic shadow陰影區(qū)shadow zone2.5衰減attenuation聲衰減sound attenuation2.6聲衰減系數(shù)attenuation coefficient2.7聲束軸線(xiàn)beam axis2.8聲束邊緣beam edge2.9聲束輪廓beam profile2.10聲束擴(kuò)散beam spread2.

2、11分貝decibeldb2.12不連續(xù)discontinuity2.13邊緣效應(yīng)edge effect2.14遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)far field2.15缺陷flawdefect2.16界面interface2.17背反射損失loss of back reflection底波損失2.18近場(chǎng)near field菲涅耳區(qū)fresnel zone2.19近場(chǎng)長(zhǎng)度near field length2.20近場(chǎng)點(diǎn)near field point2.21傳播時(shí)間propagation timetime of flight聲時(shí)2.22反射系數(shù)reflection coefficient2.23反射體reflector

3、2.24散射scattering2.25聲場(chǎng)sound field2.26聲速sound velocity傳播速度velocity of propagation2.27檢測(cè)頻率test frequency2.28超聲聲束ultrasonic beam聲束sound beam2.29超聲波ultrasonic wave3 與 “波 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)3.1縱波longitudinal wave壓縮波compressional wave3.2連續(xù)波continuous wave3.3爬波creeping wave3.4波型轉(zhuǎn)換mode conversionmode transfomationwave c

4、onversion3.5板波plate wave蘭姆波lamb wave3.6橫波transverse wave切變波shear wave3.7球面波spherical wave3.8表面波surface wave瑞利波rayleigh wave3.9波前wavefront波陣面3.10波長(zhǎng)wavelength3.11波列wave train4 與 “角 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)4.1入射角angle of incidence4.2反射角angle of reflection4.3折射角angle of refraction4.4臨界角critical angle4.5擴(kuò)散角divergence angl

5、e指向角5 與 “脈沖和回波 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)5.1背面回波back wall echoback surface echo背反射back reflection底波bottom echob5.2延遲回波delayed echo5.3回波echo反射reflection5.4缺陷回波flaw echodefect echof不連續(xù)回波discontinuity echod5.5幻影回波ghost echophantom echowrap-around5.6草狀回波grass組織回波structural echoes5.7界面回波interface echo5.8多次回波multiple echo多次反

6、射multiple reflection5.9脈沖pulse5.10側(cè)面回波side wall echow5.11干擾回波spurious echoparasitic echo5.12界面波surface echos表面回波5.13發(fā)射脈沖指示transmission pulse indicationt始波5.14發(fā)射脈沖transmitter pulse6 與 “探頭 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)6.1斜射探頭angle beam probeangle beam search unit斜探頭angle probe6.2中心頻率centre frequency6.3會(huì)聚距離convergence distan

7、ce6.4會(huì)聚區(qū)convergence zone會(huì)聚點(diǎn)convergence point6.5延遲聲程delay path6.6場(chǎng)深depth of field焦區(qū)長(zhǎng)度f(wàn)ocal zonefocal range6.7雙換能器探頭double transducer probe雙晶探頭twin transducer probe雙探頭dual search unit6.8有效換能器尺寸effective transducer size6.9電磁聲換能器electro-magnetic transducer電動(dòng)換能器electrodynamic transducer6.10焦距focal length

8、6.11焦點(diǎn)focal pointfocus6.12聚焦探頭focussing probe6.13液浸探頭immersion probe6.14探頭標(biāo)稱(chēng)角nominal angle of probe6.15標(biāo)稱(chēng)頻率nominal frequency6.16標(biāo)稱(chēng)換能器尺寸nominal transducer size換能器尺寸transducer size元件尺寸element size6.17直探頭normal probe直射探頭straight beam probestraight beam search unit6.18峰值頻率peak frequency6.19峰數(shù)peak number

9、6.20相控陣探頭phased array probe6.21探頭probesearch unit6.22探頭阻尼因子probe damping factor6.23探頭入射點(diǎn)probe index6.24探頭靴probe shoe6.25屋頂角roof angle半頂角toe-in-semi-angle6.26偏向角squint angle6.27偏向角squint angle6.28表面波探頭surface wave probe6.29換能器transducer晶片crystal元件element6.30換能器背襯transducer backing6.31可變角探頭variable an

10、gle probe6.32耐磨片wear platediaphragm6.33斜楔wedge折射棱鏡refracting prism6.34輪式探頭wheel probewheel search unit7 與 “超聲檢測(cè)儀器 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)7.1幅度線(xiàn)性amplitude linearity7.2盲區(qū)dead zone7.3延遲掃描delayed time base sweep零點(diǎn)校正correction of zero point7.4動(dòng)態(tài)范圍dynamic range7.5電子距離 -幅度補(bǔ)償electronic distance-amplitude-compensation (edac)

11、7.6時(shí)基線(xiàn)擴(kuò)展expanded time-base sweepscale expansion7.7缺陷檢測(cè)靈敏度f(wàn)law (defect) detection sensitivity7.8增益控制gain controldb 控制db control增益調(diào)節(jié)gain adjustment7.9閘門(mén)gate時(shí)間閘門(mén)time gate7.10閘門(mén)水平gate level閘門(mén)電平監(jiān)視電平monitor level監(jiān)視水平7.11脈沖（回波）幅度pulse (echo) amplitude信號(hào)幅度signal amplitude7.12脈沖能量pulse energy7.13脈沖（回波）長(zhǎng)度puls

12、e (echo) length脈沖寬度7.14脈沖重復(fù)頻率pulse repetition frequencyprf脈沖重復(fù)率pulse repetition rate7.15脈沖形狀pulse shape7.16抑制rejectionsupressionrejectgrass cutting7.17分辨力resolution7.18時(shí)基線(xiàn)time base掃描線(xiàn)sweep7.19時(shí)基線(xiàn)控制time base control掃描線(xiàn)控制sweep control7.20時(shí)基線(xiàn)性time base linearity7.21時(shí)基線(xiàn)范圍time base range檢測(cè)范圍test range7.2

13、2超聲檢測(cè)設(shè)備ultrasonic test equipment7.23超聲檢測(cè)儀ultrasonic test instrument8 與 “試塊 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)8.1校準(zhǔn)試塊calibration block標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試塊standard test block8.2平底孔flat bottom holefbh圓盤(pán)缺陷disc flaw圓盤(pán)形反射體disc shaped reflector8.3參考試塊reference block對(duì)比試塊8.4參考缺陷reference flaw (defect)參考反射體referencereflector8.5橫孔side drilled holesdhsid

14、e cylindrical hole9 與 “檢測(cè)技術(shù)（方法） ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)9.1斜射技術(shù)angle beam technique9.2自動(dòng)掃查automatic scanning9.3接觸檢測(cè)技術(shù)contact testing technique9.4直接掃查技術(shù)direct scan technique一次波技術(shù)single traverse technique9.5雙探頭技術(shù)double probe technique一收一發(fā)技術(shù)pitch and catch technique9.6二次波技術(shù)double traverse technique9.7間隙檢測(cè)技術(shù)gap testing t

15、echnique間隙掃描gap scanning9.8液浸技術(shù)immersion technique液浸檢測(cè)immersion testing9.9間接掃查技術(shù)indirect scan technique間接掃查indirect scan9.10手動(dòng)掃查manual scanning9.11多次回波技術(shù)multiple-echo technique9.12多次波技術(shù)multiple traverse technique9.13直射技術(shù)normal beam techniquestraight beam technique9.14環(huán)繞掃查orbital scanning9.15脈沖回波技術(shù)pu

16、lse echo technique脈沖反射技術(shù)reflection (pulse) technique9.16掃查scanning9.17單探頭技術(shù)single probe technique9.18螺旋掃查spiral scanning9.19旋轉(zhuǎn)掃查swivel scanning9.20串列掃查技術(shù)tandem (scanning) technique9.21衍射聲時(shí)技術(shù)time-of-flight diffraction techniquetofd9.22穿透技術(shù)transmission technique9.23尖端回波技術(shù)tip echo technique尖端衍射技術(shù)tip di

17、ffraction technique10 與 “受檢件 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)10.1背面back wallback surface底面bottom10.2聲束入射點(diǎn)beam index10.3回波接收點(diǎn)echo receiving point10.4探頭取向probe orientation10.5掃查方向scanning direction10.6檢測(cè)面test surface掃查面scanning surface10.7受檢件test ob-jectexamination ob-ject10.8檢測(cè)體積test volumeexamination volume11 與 “耦合 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)11.

18、1耦合劑couplant耦合介質(zhì)coupling medium耦合薄膜coupling film11.2耦合損失coupling losses11.3耦合劑聲程couplant path11.4轉(zhuǎn)移修正transfer correction補(bǔ)償傳輸修正12 與 “定位 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)12.1缺陷深度f(wàn)law depth反射體深度reflector depth12.2投影聲程長(zhǎng)度projected path length12.3跨距skip distance12.4聲程長(zhǎng)度sound path length13 與 “評(píng)價(jià)方法 ”相關(guān)的術(shù)語(yǔ)13.1dac 法dac method13.2dgs 圖dgs diagramavg 圖avg diagram13.3dgs 法dgs methodavg 法avg method13.4距離幅度校正曲線(xiàn)distance-