2018年江蘇高考英語專題一語法知識:第4講動詞與動詞短語_第1頁
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1、第4講動詞與動詞短語高考回眸1. Working with the medical team in Africa has the best in her as a doctor.(2017 江蘇,25)A . held outB. brought outC. picked outD. given out答案 B解析 句意為:在非洲與醫(yī)療隊的合作使她作為一名醫(yī)生的最佳素質(zhì)彰顯了出來。hold out伸出,堅持;bring out使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出;pick out挑選出,到?認(rèn)出;give out分發(fā),發(fā)出。2. A quick review of successes and failures a

2、t the end of year will help your year ahead.(2017 江蘇,30)A . shapeB. switchC. stretchD. sharpen答案 A解析句意為:到了年底,快速回顧一下自己的成功和失敗,這會有助于你為未來的一年做好規(guī)劃。shape影響(某事物白勺發(fā)展),符合語境。switch轉(zhuǎn)換,轉(zhuǎn)變;stretch變大,拉長;sharpen 使變鋒利,使增強。3. Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter , get married , and have kids.(2017 天津,5)A

3、 . settle downB. keep offC. get upD. cut in答案 A解析句意為:布朗夫婦希望看到女兒安頓下來(settle down),結(jié)婚成家,生兒育女。keep off4. He did not使避開,不接近;get up起床,站起來;cut in插嘴,打斷別人說話。easily , but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthycause.(2016 江蘇,25)A . approachB. wrestleC. compromiseD. communicate答案 C解析 句意為:他不

4、輕易妥協(xié),但他很樂意接受對一項崇高事業(yè)的任何建設(shè)性的建議。compromise妥協(xié),符合句意。5. Many businesses started up by college students have thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation.(2016 江蘇,30)A . fallen offB. taken offC. turned offD. left off答案 B解析 句意為:由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境,許多大學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)項目已經(jīng)成功。take off成功,起飛,符合句意。fall off跌落,下降;turn off關(guān)掉;l

5、eave off停止(做)某事,戒掉,均不符合題意。6. Parents should actively urge their children to the opportunity to join sports teams.(2016 江蘇,33)A . gain admission toB. keep track ofC take advantage ofD give rise to答案 C解析 句意為:父母應(yīng)積極督促孩子抓住機會加入運動隊。take advantage of利用,符合句意。gain admission to 獲準(zhǔn)進入; keep track of與保持聯(lián)系; give r

6、ise to 引起,導(dǎo)致,均不符合題意。7. We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than us.(2016 浙江,8)A . divideB. rejectC controlD abandon答案 A解析 句意為:當(dāng)我們學(xué)會求同存異,而非對立分歧時,我們會收獲頗多。divide分開;reject拒絕;control控制;abandon放棄,拋棄。根據(jù)句意可知選A。8. When their children lived far away from them , these old p

7、eople felt from the world.(2016 浙江,12)A . carried awayB. broken downC cut offD brought up答案 C解析 句意為:當(dāng)孩子們住得離他們很遠時,這些老人們感覺與外界隔離了。carry away帶走,奪走;break down拋錨,垮掉;cut off切斷,隔離;bring up撫養(yǎng),提出。 根據(jù)句意可 知選Co9. When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that my

8、interest.(2016 浙江,14)A . limitedB. reservedC. reflectedD. spoiled答案 C解析句意為:當(dāng)最后決定選一門課程時,我決定申請那門反映我興趣的課程。reflect反映, 體現(xiàn),符合語境。limit限制;reserve預(yù)訂,保留;spoil毀掉,溺愛。10. Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she her opinion onthe subject.(2016 天津, 8)A . gave voice toB. kept an eye

9、onC. turned a deaf ear toD. set foot on答案 A解析句意為:瑪麗在討論初期保持了沉默,但最終還是提出了對這一話題的看法。give voiceto意為“表達對 的想法”,符合語境。keep an eye on照看,留意;turn a deaf ear to對 充耳不聞;set foot on進入,參觀。11. I hate it when she calls me at work I' m always too busy to a conversation withher.(2016 天津,14)A . carry onB. break intoC.

10、 turn downD. cut off答案 A解析 句意為:我討厭工作時她給我打電話 一一我一直很忙,沒時間與她進行談話。carry on意為“進行,繼續(xù)",符合語境。break into打斷,闖入;turn down調(diào)低,拒絕;cut off停止, 中斷。12. Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to to their greatestpotential.(2015 江蘇;22)A . accelerateB. improveC performD develop答案 D解析 句意為:學(xué)

11、校應(yīng)該是鼓勵個人發(fā)展他們最大潛力的、充滿活力的地方。accelerate加速;improve 改善; perform 執(zhí)行;develop 發(fā)展。13. The university started some new language programs to the country' s Silk RoadEconomic Belt.(2015 江蘇,27)A . apply toB. cater forC appeal toD hunt for答案 B解析 句意為:大學(xué)開始開設(shè)一些新的語言項目,以迎合國家的絲綢之路經(jīng)濟帶。apply to適用于,申請;cater for迎合,滿足所需

12、;appeal to呼吁,上訴;hunt for搜尋。14. The whole team Cristiano Ronaldo , and he seldom lets them down.(2015 江蘇,29)A . wait onB. focus onD call onC count on答案 C解析句意為:整個球隊依靠克里斯蒂亞諾羅納爾多,而他很少讓他們失望。wait on服侍,等待;focus on集中于,關(guān)注;count on依靠,指望;call on拜訪,號召,呼吁。15. Studies have shown that the right and left ear sound

13、differently.(2015 浙江,5)A . produceB. pronounceC processD download答案 C解析句意為:研究表明左右耳處理聲音的方式不同。process加工,處理,符合語境。produce生產(chǎn),制作,創(chuàng)作; pronounce發(fā)音;download 下載。16. If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to on the sea? (2015 浙江,16)A floatB drownC shrinkD split答案 A解析句意為:如果鋼鐵比水重的話,那為什么輪船能夠浮在海面上?floa

14、t漂浮,符合語境。drown淹沒,(使)溺死;shrink(使)收縮,(使)縮小;split (使)裂開,(使)破裂。17. If you come to visit China , you will a culture of amazing depth and variety.(2015 安徽,22)A . developB. createC substituteD experience答案 D解析句意為:如果你來訪問中國,你將體驗到有著驚人的深度和多元化的文化。develop開發(fā);create 創(chuàng)造;substitute 替代;experience 經(jīng)歷,體驗。18. The team a

15、re working hard to the problem so that they can find the best solution.(2015 湖北,23)A . faceB. preventC raiseD analyze答案 D解析句意為:這個團隊正在努力分析這個問題,以便他們能找到最好的解決方法。根據(jù)題干中的find the best solution可知,在找到最好的解決方法之前應(yīng)該是先努力“分析(analyze)”問題。face 面對;prevent阻止;raise 提高。19. In order not to be heard , she pointed her fing

16、er upwards to that someone was movingabout upstairs.(2015 湖北,24)A . whisperB. signalC declareD complain答案 B解析 句意為:為了不讓別人聽到自己的聲音,她豎起手指示意有人正在樓上走動。根據(jù)題干中的pointed her finger upwards可知,她只是豎起手指示意,并沒有出聲。 signal意為“示 意“,所以答案選 B項。whisper低語;declare宣布;complain抱怨。20. If you have any doubts about your health , you

17、' d better your doctor at once.(2015 天津,11)A . convinceB. consultC. avoidD. affect答案 B解析 句意為:如果你對自己的健康狀況有所懷疑的話,你最好馬上咨詢醫(yī)生。consult請教,咨詢,找(醫(yī)生)診治,符合語境。convince使相信,使明白;avoid避免;affect影響。難點突破_ ¥1 .有些動詞,如feel, look, taste等,既可用作系動詞,又可用作實義動詞,怎么判斷呢? 系動詞常跟形容詞作表語;實義動詞則常用副詞作狀語;系動詞一般不用進行時,但在表示 語意客氣、生動、親切時

18、,可用進行時。The newly-invented drinking tastes quite unique.這種新研制的飲料嘗起來挺獨特的。(系動詞)The chef is tasting the fish carefully.廚師正在仔細地品嘗這條魚。(實義動詞)2 . run out/run out of的區(qū)別:run out是不及物動詞短語,無被動語態(tài),主語通常是表示時間、食物、金錢等的名詞;run out of是及物動詞短語,相當(dāng)于use up,主語通常為人。My money ran out.我的錢花完了。I ran out of my money.我把錢花完了。3 .具體語境中對動

19、詞“熟詞生義”的考查。如下列單詞的“熟詞生義”:ache渴望;address在 上寫地址; appreciate理解,意識至U; count有價值;cover足以支 付;develop逐漸形成;draw推斷出;escape被忘掉;fail使失望,衰退;invite招致;observe 遵守,慶祝;push督促;promise預(yù)示;part分手,放棄;read寫著;relate講述;say假設(shè); walk遛等。4 .常見的基礎(chǔ)詞匯如get, take, put, break, look, call等構(gòu)成的短語一直是高考考查的重點。如:If the new safety system had be

20、en put to use , the accident would never have happened. 句中 put.to use是固定搭配,意為“利用 /使用"。 As their children lived far away fromthem, these old people felt cut off from the world.此句中的 cut off 意為“隔絕,隔離“。模擬演練_ ¥1. Roger trained hard for the tournament for months , but unfortunately he had to due

21、 toa knee injury.(2017 蘇北六市聯(lián)考,32)A . pull outB. work outC. try outD. give out答案 A解析 句意為:Roger為了這次錦標(biāo)賽艱苦訓(xùn)練了好幾個月,但不幸的是,由于膝傷,他不得不退出。work out計算出,鍛煉;try out試驗,選拔;give out散發(fā),分發(fā),用完。pull out 退出,(使)離開,符合語境,故選 A項。2. If you want to go further in the new sport, the best way is to and practise more frequently.(20

22、17南通' 揚州、泰州、淮安三模, 22)A . dive inB. drop outC. catch onD. spring up答案 A解析 句意為:如果你想在這項新的運動上走得更遠,最好的方法就是熱切地投入和更加頻繁地練習(xí)。dive in熱切地加入,符合句意。drop out退出,輟學(xué);catch on流行起來;spring up 突然出現(xiàn)。故選A項。3. If you manage to survive the crisis, think about how it will help you new challenges.(2017 鎮(zhèn)江期末,30)A . give upB.

23、take upC. hold upD. put up答案 B解析 句意為:如果你設(shè)法在危機中幸存下來,思考一下它將如何幫助你接受新的挑戰(zhàn)。takeup接受,拿起,舉起,占據(jù)(空間或時間),開始從事,符合句意。give up放棄;hold up舉起, 支撐,耽擱,延誤;put up舉起,升起,設(shè)立,建造,提供彳i宿,張貼,懸掛。故選 B項。4 . You wouldn ' t normally these two writers ; their styles are completely different.(2017泰州中學(xué)摸底考試,27)A . distinguishB.associ

24、ateC. adjustD.divorce答案 B解析 句意為:你通常不會把這兩位作家聯(lián)系在一起,他們的風(fēng)格完全不同。associate把 聯(lián)系在一起,使有關(guān)系,符合題意。distinguish區(qū)別,區(qū)分;adjust調(diào)整,校準(zhǔn);divorce離婚,使分離。5. Sharing a flat with someone helps ease one' s loneliness, but living alone me , for Ican play music as loud as I want.(2017 泰州中學(xué)摸底考試,30)A . caters toB. refers toC.

25、appeals toD. responds to答案 C解析 句意為:和某人共享一個公寓有助于緩解孤獨感,但獨居對我更有吸引力,因為我可 以將音樂播放到我想要的那樣響。appeal to sb.對某人有吸引力,符合句意。cater to款待,為服務(wù);referto參考,指的是;respond to響應(yīng),回應(yīng)。6. As its economy is maturing , China' s a greater role in critical issues like climate anddevelopment.(2017 南京三模,30)A . definingB. assumingC

26、 guaranteeingD assuring答案 B解析句意為:隨著經(jīng)濟的成熟,在像氣候和發(fā)展那樣的重要問題上中國正在承擔(dān)更大的作用。define定義,使明確;guarantee保證,擔(dān)保;assure保證,確保。均不符合語境。assume承擔(dān),呈現(xiàn),假定,認(rèn)為, assume a greater role承擔(dān)更大的作用,符合題意,故選 B項。7. The recently released film Kong : Skull Island successfully the audience to the adventure with Dolby 3-D technology.(2017 南

27、京三模, 35)A . transportsB. adjustsC transformsD relates答案 A解析 句意為:最近上映的電影 金剛 骷髏島成功地用杜比三維立體技術(shù)把觀眾帶入了這次冒險經(jīng)歷中。adjust調(diào)節(jié),適應(yīng);transform使改觀,使變形;relate聯(lián)系,均不符合語境。 transport在此處表示“使產(chǎn)生身臨其境的感覺 ”,符合語境,故選 A項。8. In the virtual laboratory environment created in the VR app , students can a particularexperiment before doi

28、ng them in a real lab.(2017 蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,29)A . revealB. reserveC previewD provide答案 C解析 句意為:在用虛擬現(xiàn)實應(yīng)用程序創(chuàng)設(shè)的虛擬實驗室環(huán)境中,學(xué)生們可以在真正的實驗室實驗之前預(yù)先進行某個特定的實驗。根據(jù) before doing them in a real lab可知,此處指預(yù)先 進行實驗,preview預(yù)展,預(yù)演,符合語境。故選 C項。9. The Palace of Versailles, France' s national treasure, has many changes in its cen

29、tury-long history while keeping its beauty.(2017 蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,23)A . gone throughB. taken onC. led toD. showed off答案 A解析 句意為:凡爾賽宮,法國的國寶,在它一個世紀(jì)的歷史中,經(jīng)歷了許多變化卻依然美麗。take on呈現(xiàn),接納;lead to導(dǎo)致;show off炫耀。go through經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受,此處注意動賓 搭配,go through changes經(jīng)歷變化,符合語境,故選 A項。10. Owing to The Chinese Poetry Competition , publ

30、ications on classical Chinese literature are a significant share of storage space at the bookstore.(2017 蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,31)A . taking upB. dividing upC breaking upD putting up答案 A解析 句意為:得益于中國詩詞大會節(jié)目的播出,有關(guān)中國經(jīng)典文學(xué)的出版物占據(jù)了書店存儲空間的重要位置。take up占據(jù);divide up分割;break up解散;put up提出。根據(jù)句 意可知,答案為Ao11. Friendship does not

31、 merely a sharing of activities ; it is a sharing of self on a verypersonal level.(2017 蘇州調(diào)研,23)A . involveB. requestC associateD deliver答案 A解析 句意為:友誼并不僅僅包含一起參加活動;它還是一種從非常個人的角度對自我的分享。invoke包含,需要,使成為必然部分(或結(jié)果),符合句意。request要求,t#求;associate聯(lián)系,聯(lián)想;deliver遞送,運送,發(fā)表(講話),接生。12. I think the experiment supports

32、 my theory , but I need to the results a couple of timesto make sure that no mistakes were made while collecting the data.(2017 蘇州調(diào)研, 27)A . get overB. take overC hand overD go over答案 D解析 句意為:我認(rèn)為這個實驗支持我的理論,但是我需要仔細檢查幾次結(jié)果以確保在收集數(shù)據(jù)的時候沒有犯錯。go over仔細檢查,溫習(xí),復(fù)習(xí),符合句意。get over克服,戰(zhàn)勝,恢復(fù);take over接收,接管,控制;hand ov

33、er交給,遞給,移交。13. 一I regret to tell you that the council did not our plan.一 Oh, what a shame! (2017 南京、鹽城一模,29)A . smile onB. concentrate onC see throughD live through答案 A解析句意為:我遺憾地告訴你委員會不贊同我們的計劃。哦,真可惜! smile on對加以稱贊,對 青睞,符合句意。concentrate on專心于,集中精力在 上;see through看穿,識破;live through經(jīng)歷過,經(jīng)受住,經(jīng)歷 而幸存。14. Th

34、e computer program of the 1970s was unable to between letters and numbers.(2017 南通一模,31)A . discriminateB. concludeC negotiateD compensate答案 A解析句意為:20世紀(jì)70年代的電腦程序無法區(qū)分字母和數(shù)字。discriminate歧視,區(qū)別,辨另1J; conclude 斷定,結(jié)束;negotiate 協(xié)商,談判;compensate 彌補,補償。discriminate between letters and numbers區(qū)分字母和數(shù)字,符合題意,故選 A

35、項。15. He could have put pressure on us to adopt his proposal.-Yes, but he didn ' t.(2017 蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,25)A . make his wayB. get his wayC give his wayD feel his way答案 B解析句意為:一一他本可以對我們施加壓力來采納他的提議。一一是的,但是他并沒有為所欲為。make one' s way 前進,行進;get one' s way 隨心所欲,為所欲為; 沒有 give one' s way這種形式,只有 give way to "給讓路,被所取代“;feel one' s way摸索著前進。根據(jù)句意選B項。16. A recent research shows smoking and drinking with your body ' s ability to processoxygen, thus greatly affecting your health.(2016 蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,27)A . identifyB. corre

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