主謂一致講解練習全

1、主謂一致的用法及專項練習題一、主謂一致三原那么主謂一致是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致,主謂一致必須遵循三原那么：語法一致原那么,意義一致原那么,就近一致原那么.1、語法一致原那么：指主語是單數(shù)形式,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,主語是復數(shù)形式,謂語也用 復數(shù)形式.Tom is a good student.湯姆是個好學生.They often play football on the playground. 他們經(jīng)常在操場上踢足球.2、意義一致：指主語形式上為單數(shù),但意義為復數(shù),因此謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復數(shù),但表示單數(shù)意義,這是謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.My family are hav

2、ing lunch now. 我們一家人現(xiàn)在正吃午飯.Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 這本書 20 美元太貴了.3、就近一致：指謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復數(shù)形式,取決于最靠近他的主語.例如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不僅老師喜歡踢足球,而且他的學生也喜歡踢足球.There is a pen and some books on the desk.課桌上有支車岡筆和些書.二、主謂一致常考題型1、單數(shù)名詞代詞/不可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語用單

3、數(shù)形式；復數(shù)名詞代詞作主語,謂語用 復數(shù)形式.The desk is Tom ' s. 這張桌子是湯姆的.Some water is in the bottle.一些水在瓶子里.The students are playing football on the playground.這些學生正在操場上踢足球.2、“a great/ good many+復數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù).但“ many a+名詞作主 語,意義雖為許多,但謂語要用單數(shù)形式.Many a student has been to Shanghai.許多學生至 U過上海.A great many students

4、in our school go to college in their teens.3、more than one+單數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語用單數(shù).More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一個學生曾經(jīng)去過北京.4、表示時間、距離、金額、重量、面積、體積、容積、價格,數(shù)目,長度,數(shù)學運算等的 詞或短語作主語時,這些通常作一個整體概念,謂語用單數(shù)形式.例如：Two months is a long holiday.兩個月是一個長假.Twenty pounds isn ' t so heavy. 2 0 英鎊并不太重.Ten mile

5、s isn ' t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很長的距離.Five minus four is one.5 減 4 等于 1.Five minutes is enough.Four hundred francs is a lot of money.5、each and each ,every and every ;no and no ;many a and many a 等結構 由于強調個體行為,因此謂語動詞使用單數(shù).但是each放在并列主語之后作同位語時,謂語動詞 不受影響.Each boy and each girl has got a new Engl

6、ish-Chinese dictionary.No sound and no voice is heard for a long time .Every man and every woman is at work. 每個男人和女人者B在工作.We each have our own office.作We的同位語我們各有各的辦公室.6、one and a half+復數(shù)名詞作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.One and a half hours is enough.一個半/4時足夠了.7、從句、不定式、動名詞或短語作主語時謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式.To see is to believe 眼見為實.D

7、oing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益.To say something is one thing , to do it is another .to say something , to do 是不定式“ How do you do? is not a question but a greeting.How do you do ?是句子,作主語注意：what引導主語從句時應注意其所指的具體內容來確定謂語的單復數(shù).What we need is more time ,while what they need are mo

8、re doctors and medicines .8、what從句作主語1） 一般來說,根據(jù)語法一致的原那么,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式；2） what從句中動詞是并列謂語,表示復數(shù)意義,主句中的謂語動詞用復數(shù)；What he said and what he did are not same.3） what從句作主語,有時候主句的謂語動詞與主句的表語一致.如果主句的表語是復數(shù),主句謂語動詞用復數(shù),否那么用單數(shù).What we lack today is steel and concrete.What they have done is considered useful to the peopl

9、e.What the man said under the oath was disputed by several other witnesses.What I am in need of is money.What he wants to get are some books.9、定語從句中的主謂一致1 一般情況下,關系代詞作從句主語時,從句謂語動詞應和先行詞在數(shù)上保持一致；2集體名詞作先行詞,被視作一個整體時,關系代詞用 which ,從句謂語動詞用單數(shù)；被 視作假設干個體的組合時,用who作關系代詞,謂語動詞用復數(shù)；常見的集體名詞有：family, audience, class, c

10、lub,government, union, staff, team, couple, committee, crow, firm, public, orchestra, company 等.3先行詞是“one of +復數(shù)名詞時,從句謂語動詞用復數(shù).如果先行詞是 “the right/ just the/ the only/ the very/ exactly the+ one of+復數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).4強調句型中,形式主語it后總是接單數(shù)is/ was；強調主語時,從句謂語動詞與被強調主 語局部的數(shù)保持一致.She is the only one of the students

11、who was praised.It is not I but Mr. Green who is_in charge of this company.I, who am your sincere friend, have never doubted the reason why you were late for my party.Each one of us who is now living in this city is destined to witness the remarkableOlympic Games.10、當主語由 “ all/ some/ any/ enough/ mo

12、st/ percent/ half+ of+ 名詞構成時,謂語動詞 的數(shù)與名詞的數(shù)保持一致.當all/ some/ any/ enough/ most/ percent/ half 單獨作為主語時,根據(jù)意義一致的原那么 決定謂語動詞的數(shù).All are present and all is going on well. " our teacher said.One fouth of the books have been sold out.Three fourths of the apple has gone bad.Three foutths of the surface of t

13、he earth is covered with the sea.Those are mine, the rest are yours.All but one were here just now. All that I want to say is this.11、a/an+單數(shù)名詞+or two作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù).A student or two has failed the exam. 一兩個學生測試不及格.12、 當主語局部含有 with , together with , along with , as well as , besides , except, but , like

14、等介詞或介詞短語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；但名詞+as well as+名詞時,謂語動詞一般應與第一個名詞一致.Mike with his father has been to England.邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭.Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球.The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting.13、由and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時,一般用復數(shù)形式,但and所連接的并列主語是同一個人,事物,或概念時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).這兩種情

15、況區(qū)分如下：a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+單數(shù)名詞,指的是同一個人或物；a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+a/the+單數(shù)名詞,指兩個人或物.The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教師來了.作家和教師指同一個人The writer and the teacher are coming.作家和老師來了.作家和老師是兩個人The headmaster and Party secretary is going abroad next month .Bread and butter is my usual breakfast .14、people,police等集體名

16、詞作主語,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式,family,class,group,team 等集體名詞作主語,假設指一個整體時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,假設指一個具體成員時,謂語動詞復數(shù)形 式.People here are very friendly.這兒的人彳艮友好.His family isn ' t large.他家的人不多.My family all like watching TV.我們一家人都喜歡看電視.15、 either , neither , each , one , the other , another , anybody , anyone , anything , somebo

17、dy ,someone , something , everything ,everybody , everyone ,no one , nothing ,nobody 做主語時,謂語一般用單數(shù).Neither of the two sentences is correct .Everything around us is matter .Is everyone here today. 今天大家至U齊了 嗎?Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病.Nobody was in.沒有人在家.(注意：none , neither, all ,any 作主語時,謂語可用單數(shù)

18、,也可用復數(shù),具體取決于說話 人的意思.)None of them owns/own a car .Neither of the boys are / is interested in geography.All are here. And all that can be done has been done.Neither answer is correct. 兩個答案都不正確.16、news, music, equipment, luggage, information, furniture, advice, progress 等不可數(shù)名 詞做主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).The news is

19、 disappointing that a chemical works is to be built in the west of the city . 17、以-s結尾的名詞本身不表示復數(shù)意義,謂語通常用單數(shù)形式,如news, maths, physics等,No news is good news.沒有消息就是好消息.Maths is very popular in our class在我們班數(shù)學很受歡送.18、由both and連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；由or, either - or neithernor,not only - but also ,notbut連接

20、兩個名詞或代詞作主語時, 根據(jù)就近原那么決定謂語動詞形式.Either my wife or I am going. 要么我去,要么我妻子去.Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer. 要么你,要么我,要么其他任何人 知道答案.Not only you but also he is ready to leave. 不僅你,而且他也準備離去. 如果either, each, neither作主語,那么動詞為單數(shù)形式.Each of us has his likes and dislikes.Neither of the books

21、is very interesting.19、如果主語是由kind/ series/ sort/ type/ pile of + 名詞構成時,謂語動詞的數(shù)與修飾名詞 的 kind,series, sort, type, pile 等的數(shù)保持致. 因止匕, a series of, a kind of, a portion of+ 等+ 名詞構成時,動詞一般用單數(shù)形式.但是,當主語由“名詞+of this kind (sort, type等)構成時,謂語動詞的數(shù)與名詞的數(shù)保 持一致.A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for langu

22、age laboratory use.20、a variety of, a number of +名詞復數(shù),動詞要用復數(shù)形式；.而the number of +復數(shù)名詞 作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù).On exhibition there are a great variety of consumer goods.The number of the students is over eight houndred21、以here, there開關的句子,假設主語在兩個或兩個以上,謂語動詞通常與臨近的主語一 致There is a book and three pens on the desk.Here

23、 are some books and paper for you.22、“majority/ portion/ part/ percentage/ the rest/分數(shù)/ 百分數(shù) +of + 名詞做主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)與of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致.如果中央詞是one,后跟由in, out of, of引導的介詞短語,謂語動詞用單數(shù).The rest of the magazines were sold out within half an hour.Only 10 percent of the students in the class are League members.About 4

24、0% of Jim s income goes to the rent.23、the+形容詞表示一類人時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式,表示抽象概念時,用單數(shù)形式.The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad.The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的.24、表示前后照應關系的詞組, 如 the above, the below, the former, the latter, the following, the rest等,應根據(jù)其所指對象來決定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式.The following are some newly-pub

25、lished popular magazines.25、“a great deal of/ a lot of/ lots of/ plenty of/ a little of/ a large amount of/ a large quantityof等+不可數(shù)名詞做主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).但是,“quantities of/ amounts of+名詞做主語,謂語動詞用復數(shù).Large quantities of water have been polluted.A great deal of time is spent trying to match young people to a s

26、uitable foster carer.但是“Lots of +不可數(shù)詞做主語,謂語動詞根據(jù) water來定,由于10ts不是名詞.Lots of water has been polluted.26、both, few, a few, several, many, others 等做主語,謂語動詞用復數(shù).She has two sons, both are clever.Some are sleeping, some are playing, others are studying.27、one, another, little, a little, either, much等作主語時,謂

27、語動詞用單數(shù).I have two pens, one is black, the other is blue.Little is done to finish the work.28、such作主語,謂語動詞根據(jù)意義一致的原那么決定謂語動詞的數(shù).Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. Such were his words.29、savings, belongings, taxes, earnings, leavings, wages 等作主語,謂語動詞用復數(shù).His wages have gone up.

28、他漲工資了.Are these your belongings? 這些是你的東西嗎？More taxes are to be paid from next month.下個月就要多繳納稅款了.Those taxes are paid the day before the transfer of ownership.30、表示加減乘除的句式,謂語動詞用單數(shù).What is 12 minus 10?What is one plus four? It ' s five.31、不可數(shù)名詞前如果有表示數(shù)量的復數(shù)名詞作定語,謂語動詞用復數(shù).如："millions of tonsof/hu

29、ndreds of boxes of+ 不可數(shù)名詞.32、由and連接兩個或兩個以上的不定式或動名詞短語作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)；Saying and doing are two things.諺說是一回事,做又是一回事.Bringing about peace and consolidating it are two different things.和平實現(xiàn)與和平穩(wěn)固是兩件事.33、表示抽象意義的動詞不定式、分詞、名詞從句作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù).Writing the stories and poems is what I enjoy most.Getting to other plan

30、ets or to the moon involves many problems.34、population作主語,謂語動詞的數(shù)根據(jù)意義而定.The population of the earth is increasing fast. One third of the population her are workers.35、由疑問副詞并列構成的主語從句,不管疑問詞有多少,謂語動詞一律用單數(shù).When and where to build the new factory has not been decided yet.36、在主謂倒裝句子中,有兩個或兩個以上的主語并列存在時,謂語動詞的

31、數(shù)應與其最靠近的主語保持一致.There are three books, a pen on the desk.三、肯定與否認一致：以下形容詞、副詞、代詞從肯定句變成否認何時須作相應的變化.We've had some (money). f We haven't had any(mon ey).I was talking to someone. f I wasn't talking to anyone.They sometimes visit us. f They rarely (never, seldom)visit us.He has arrived already

32、. f He hasn't arrived yet.Li is coming too. f Li isn't coming either.Both of us are going. f Neither of us ageing.He likes both of them. f He doesn't like either of them. 注意：so/neither+助動詞+名詞/代詞結構中須用倒裝語序.My wife like classic music very much and so do I.She doesn't like jazz and neith

33、er do I.主謂一致專項練習題一1. Either Jane or Steven watching TV now.A. were B. is C. wasD. are2. Two days enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day.A. isn ' t B. isC. are ' t? D. are3. How many lessons do you usually haver a day? Six lessons a day. And each of then 45 minutes.A. last B. la

34、stsC. have D. are4. Neither Liping nor I a basketball player.A. am B. is C. beD.are5. There many new words in lesson one,It is very easy.A. is B. aren ' t C. isn ' tD. are6. The number of the students in our school 1200.A. isB. are C. hasD. have7. Maths my favourite subject.A. be B. is C. am

35、D. are8. The boy with the two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was sleepingD. are sleeping9. Every one except Tom and John there when the meeting began.A. are B. isC. wereD. was10. That place is not interesting at all,of us wants to go there.A. NeitherB. Bo

36、th C. All D. Some11. Nobody but Jane the secret.A. know B. knows C. have know D. is12. What' s on the plate? some eggs an d cakes on it?There some eggs and cakes on it.A. is B. are C. was D. were13. This pair of glasses mine.A. are B. be C. is D. will beD. were invirted14. Both Lily and Lucy to

37、the party yesterday.A. invited B. was invited C. had invited15. Two months quite a long time.Yes, I ' m afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons.A. is B. are C. was D. were16. In the city the old.A. take good care ofB. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care ofD. are been taken good care

38、 of17. His family all very kind and friendly, His family a happy one.A. are,is B. is,is C. are,areD. is,are18. The singer and the dancer come to Beijing.A. has B. have C. are D. is19. The children in this class each new school bag.A. have B. has C. has gotD. are having20. All but one here just now.A

39、. is B. was C. has beenD. were21. If Bob's wife won't agree to go on holiday in winter,. A.neither he will B. neither won't he C. neither will he D. he won't neither22. I haven't finished my homeworked yet,.A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too D. He hasn't either23. &

40、quot;I'm going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow. “A. I am so B. So am I C. So go ID. So I go24. You as well as he to blame(責備)for the accident (交通事故).A. are B. isC. haveD. has25. Neither my wife nor I myselfable to teach my daughter to sing English songs.A. has been B. is C. are D. am主謂一致練習題參

41、考答案(1) .B(2). A(3). B (4). A (5).B(6).A(7).B(8). C(9). D (10). A(11).B(12).B (13).C(14).D (15).A(16).B(17).A (18).B(19).A(20)D (21).C(22).D (23). B (24).A (25). D主謂一致練習題二1. The old well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was2. The secretary and manager very busy now.

42、A. isB. areC. wasD. were3. Both the secretary and the manager agreed to attend the meeting.A. hasB. haveC. areD. was4. Tom as well as two of his classmates invited to the party.A. was B. were C. have been D. had been5. Either you or I going to the teachers' office after class.A. am B. is C. are

43、D. will6. Most of his spare time spent in reading.A. are B. were C. was D. have been7. This is one of the best novels that appeared this year.A.have been B. has C. had been D. have8. Ten thousand dollars quite a large sum.A.are B. is C. were D. have9. About 20 percent of the work done yesterday.A. a

44、re B. is C. were D. was10. Mr Smith , together with his children , arrived.A.are B. has C. is D. have11. It I who leaving for London.A.is is B. am is C. is am D. am am12. Not only Tom but also his wife fond of watching television.A. are B. were C. be D. is13. When and where to build the new factory

45、yet.D. have not decidedD. have been foundA. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decided14. Although the first part of the book is easy , the rest.A. are difficult B. has proved difficult C. is supposed difficult difficult15. That they were wrong in these matters now clear to us all.A. is B.

46、was C. are D. were16. Half of his goods stolen the other day.A. are B. were C. is D. was17. Mathematics the language of science.A. are B. are going to beC. is D. is to be18. Each of the students a Chinese-English dictionary.A. have B. has C. there is D. there are19. They each a beautiful handkerchie

47、f.A. have B. hasC. there is D. there are20. Between the two rows of trees the teaching building.A. stand B. standsC. standing D. are21. This pair of shoes made in Nanjing.A.is B. are C. have been D. had been22. No one except my parents anything about it.A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. have known23

48、. A number of students from the south.A. are B. is C. have D. has24. The number of students from the north small.A.are B. is C. have D. has25. Writing stories and articles what I enjoy most ,A.is B. are C. was D. were26. His " Selected Poems first published in 1965.A.were B. was C. has been D.

49、are27. Miss Smith is a friend of.A. Mary 's mother ' B. Mary 's mother C. Mother ' s of Mary D. Mary mother 's28. A good deal of money spent on books.A. have B. has C. have been D. has been29. On the wall two large portraits.A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging30. turn green in

50、spring.A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves31. Father went to his doctor for about his heart trouble.A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices32. All but one here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were33. The number of people invited fifty , but a number of them absent for differentreasons.

51、A. were ; was B. was ; was C. was ; were D. were ; were34. The air in big cities very dirty by factories.A. are often made B. is often madeC. have often made D. has oftenmade35. Nobody to smoke in the cinema.A. allows B. allow C. is allowed D. are allowed36. The Chinese people hard-working and brave

52、.A. are B. is C. has been D. are being37. can be done been done.A. All ； have B. All that ; have C. All ； has D. All that; has38. John has two brothers , but either out of work now.A. areB. isC. hasD. have39. The police the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching f

53、or B. were searching for C. are searching for D. were searching40. Apples of this kind.A. tastes good B. tastes well C. taste good D. taste well41. Your trousers dirty , you must have washed.A. is ; it B. are ; it C. are ; them D. is ; them42. Where rubbish , there are flies.A. there are B. there is

54、 C. is D. there has43. The Olympic Games held every years.A.is ; four B. are； four C. is ; five D. are； five44. Many a man come to help us.A. have B. has C. is D. are45. He is the only one of the students who elected.A. are B. have C. has D. is46. Three-fourths of the homework today.A. has finished

55、B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished47. Those who in compositions , please hand them in this afternoon.A. hasn 't handed his B. haven ' t handed theirC. has handed ; their D. have handed ; his48. Jane is one of the best students in her class who by their teacher.A. are

56、 praised B. is praised C. praisedD. praising49. The whole class the teacher attentively.50. The United States of AmericaA. is B. are C. wasA. are listening to B. is listening to C. are listening D. is listening one of the most developed countries in the world.KEY : 1-5 BABAAABABA 26-30 BADBD21-2546-

57、50D. were6-10 CDBDB11-15 CDABA 16-20 BCBAB31-35 BDCBC 36-40 ADBBC 41-45 CBBBDBBAAA主謂一致練習題三 一單項選擇：1. Eating vegetables good for our health.A. is B. areC. wereD. was2. More than one person made the suggestion.A. was B. has C. were D. have3. I think of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam easy.A. two thirds; is B. second three; are C. two thirds; are D. two