第二章 船體結構

1、GM 4000 HULL Date: 13.12.2006 Page: 1 of 8Title: Outline Specification MAIN GROUP 2 Rev.: BMARACCTABLE OF CONTENTS目錄2 HULL AND STRUCTURE (船體結構). 2 20. Hull materials, general hull work(船體材料，一般船體工作). 221. Pontoons(浮碼頭). 422. Columns(支柱). 524. Main deck(主甲板). 525.Superstructure, deck houses and helide

2、ck(上層建筑，甲板室和直升機甲板). 526. Hull outfitting(船體舾裝). 527. Material protection(涂裝) . 628. Material protection, internal(內(nèi)部涂裝). 72 HULL AND STRUCTURE(船體結構)20. Hull materials, general hull work(船體材料，一般船體工作)201. Hull materials, general hull work(船體材料，一般船體工作)All materials shall be class approved, and accordin

3、g to class approved Drawings .所有的材料, 圖紙都要得到船級社認可。Yard shall provide full traceability as well as material certificates for any piece of material used in the hull or superstructure as required by class. Fabrication and hull work shall be according to class requirements and standards.船廠要提供船體和上層建筑所需的每一

4、塊材料必須提供船級社材料證明書。制作和船體工作要依照船級社需求和標準來實施.Builders shall pay attention to secure proper alignment of structural parts during construction and assembly.在建造和裝配的過程中施工人員要注意結構部分穩(wěn)定性的問題。Tolerances required by class are to be complied with. i.e: 公差范圍必須遵照船級社的i.e分級Plainness of unstiffened plate.自由板架Straightness o

5、f plate stiffeners.直板上的扶強材Misalignment of plate edges.未對準板的邊緣Misalignment of girders, stiffeners etc.未對準的梁, 扶強材等Builder shall ensure that class approved welding procedures and materials are used for all welding.施工人員在焊接過程中保證焊接工藝和焊接材料，并得到船級社認可。All workmanship entering into the construction shall be of

6、 good quality in all respects, with special care being exercised throughout critical joints.在建造中加入工藝才能保證好的質量，尤其要注意貫穿板架的那些板縫。The plating is to be fair, smoothly and tightly fitted, and without excessive buckles, depressions and uneven edges.要進行電鍍的板一定要保證干凈、光滑，還一定要保證合適的尺寸，不能有過大的彎曲，凹陷和邊緣變形。Fitting prior

7、 to welding is to be according to class requirements and Standards.焊前準備工作要按船級規(guī)范和要求來制定。Repairs necessary to comply with class requirements are to be done according to class requirements.修補必須遵守船級社規(guī)范.Electrical-arc welding shall be used throughout the GM-4000-Ds structure.在整個GM-4000-D的結構上使用電弧焊。All weld

8、ing shall be in accordance with applicable Classification Bodyand Regulatory Bodies requirements.所有的焊接要滿足船級社規(guī)范。The Builder shall submit to the Owner a complete set of welding procedures and welding qualification tests, as required by the Classification Body. This submittal shall be made prior to com

9、mencement of construction.按照船檢的要求，船東要在船廠進行一次完整的焊接程序和焊接資格考試。這些事情安排在建造開始之前。The Builder shall ensure that approved welding procedures and welding qualification tests are to be used by all subcontractors, as required by the Classification Body. This submittal shall be made prior to commencement of const

10、ruction.船廠要確定所有的轉包商使用被認可的焊接程序和焊接資格考試。這些事情安排在建造開始之前。Welding shall reflect Builders preferred practice in accordance with classrequirements. 船廠首選的方法是焊接法，它是否與船級社規(guī)定一致。 Generally welding shall be performed by use of the Following processes:通常焊接有以下幾種方法：GTAW Gas Tungsten Arc Welding鎢極氬弧焊FCAW Flux Cored Arc

11、 Welding 藥芯焊絲電弧焊SMAW Shielded Manual Arc Welding手工電弧焊SAW Shielded Arc Welding埋弧自動焊All welding shall be performed by qualified Classification Body approved welders'. This shall also apply to subcontracted work. All stiffeners, brackets and girders attached to the inside of tanks for liquid servic

12、e , as well as forming part of structure in the vicinity of open tanks containing corrosive materials, shall be attached by double continuous fillet welding. Continuous welding shall be provided for the purpose of sealing all areas that are exposed to weather in the finished structure. Areas, which

13、are not accessible for painting, shall be sealed off by single side continuous welding.所有的焊接工作都要由有資格的船檢認可的焊工來完成。這些也適用于轉包合同。與相鄰的裝腐蝕材料開口艙室部分結構的焊接方法相同，所有液態(tài)艙室內(nèi)的型材，肘板和縱絎都要進行連續(xù)雙面焊。一些完整結構中會有暴露在空氣中的部位，連續(xù)焊可以用來把這些區(qū)域整體密封起來。不易涂裝的區(qū)域要用單面連續(xù)焊密封起來。The size of the tack weld shall be sufficient to support the members

14、andResist shrinkage and distortion during the initial phase of the welding.在焊接的最初階段，點焊的尺寸要足夠承載焊件和抵抗它的收縮變形。Welding consumables and preheat temperature shall be the same as for themain weld. A detailed WPS shall be established for the purpose of tackwelding if, the tack welding is incorporated in the

15、main weld and qualifiedwelders shall weld it. Qualified welders or tack welders, qualified to AWSD1.1 or equivalent shall perform tack welding.定位焊的焊接材料和預熱溫度要與正式焊接時保持一致。如果對以進行定位焊的焊縫還要進行正式焊接，就需要按照WPS里的規(guī)定來進行定位焊，需要有資格的電焊工來做這項工作。要按AWS D1.1的標準來選擇電焊工，或具有同等的焊接能力。All electrodes to be used for steel construct

16、ion welding shall be approvedby the Classification Body. Storage and handling of welding consumablesto be in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations and Builders approved procedures.鋼結構焊接中使用的所有的電極都要由船檢認可。儲存和使用焊條都要符合生產(chǎn)廠商的說明書，并且要按照船廠被認可的焊接程序。Surface defects may be repaired by grinding, provi

17、ded the thickness is notreduced by more than 7% of the nominal thickness, or 3 mm, whichever isleast. The defective area shall be ground smooth and 100% checked with magnet particle testing (MPI).可以用打磨的方法來消除表面的缺陷，但要保證打磨掉的不要超過板厚的7%或不要超過3 mm。有缺陷的部位要被打磨光滑，用100%的MPI檢測。Defects deeper than 7% or 3mm shall

18、 be repaired by welding. No repairing is needed for slight surface defects (<0.2 mm in depth).打磨掉的超過板厚的7%或超過3 mm的地方要用焊接來修補缺陷。微小的表面缺陷（深度小于0.2 mm）可以不必進行修補Repair welding may be performed according to the original weld Procedure, provided the essential variables have not been changed, in which case a

19、 new weld procedure shall be established.如果基本的參數(shù)沒有改變的話，可以按最初的焊接工藝來進行補焊，否則就要制定新的焊接工藝。In weather exposed area, bolts on Carbon steel components shall be hot dip galvanized. 對于暴露在空氣中的部位，碳素鋼部件上的螺栓必須經(jīng)過高溫鍍鋅處理。Dimensions less than 12 mm shall be of stainless steel types SUS316, NV316 or equal. Bolts on sta

20、inless steel components shall be stainless steel.尺寸小于12mm的螺栓要用不銹鋼SUS316, NV316 或者其他同類型的。不銹鋼部件上的螺栓需要是不銹鋼材料的。Otherwise bolting shall be in accordance with Builders practice.其他處的螺栓型號根據(jù)施工人員的經(jīng)驗確定。Wherever the material protection for steel parts is specified as galvanized,it shall always be understood as

21、hot dip galvanized, including the bolts,otherwise stainless steel material shall be used. 金屬零件的保護，包括螺栓，應該詳細說明。如鍍鋅，通常認為是高溫鍍鋅。否則要用不銹鋼材料No electric galvanizing shall be accepted.電鍍鋅是不被認可的。The insulation material shall be of a non water-absorbing type in weather exposed area.暴露在空氣中的絕緣材料應選用不吸水的類型。Carbon

22、steel under insulation shall be painted. Stainless steel shall not bepainted under insulation.絕緣層以下的碳素鋼需要噴涂，不銹鋼不用噴涂。203. Sandblasting, shop priming(噴砂除銹，打底漆)Builder shall ensure that materials are adequately protected duringprocurement, storage and fabrication. 船廠應確保原材料在儲存和建造過程中得到充分的保護。Some formatio

23、n of rust during fabrication may be accepted, but the rust grade shall be within the limits of ISO 8501-1 grade B or equivalent.在建造過程中有些生銹，但是銹蝕的程度在ISO 8501-1 B級或等效的極限允許范圍內(nèi)，是可以接受的。All steel plates shall be free from rust and primed with 25my shop primerbefore used in fabrication.在建造之前所有的鋼板必須進行除銹并且打25

24、my的底漆。All welds to be spot blasted to SA 2.5 and primed with 25my shop primer. 所有的焊縫打磨到SA 2.5并且打上25my的底漆。Prior to grand block assembly, all blocks shall be blasted to SA 2,5 and painted in accordance with this technical specification.在分段大合攏之前，所有的分段應按照此技術規(guī)格書進行打磨至SA 2.5和噴涂。204. Testing of tanks, bulkh

25、eads etc(艙室，艙壁等的密性試驗)All tanks shall be tested according to class requirements.所有的艙室應按照船級規(guī)范進行測試。All bulkheads shall be tested and inspected according to class requirements.所有的艙壁都要按照船級規(guī)范進行試驗和檢查。Possible leaks to be repaired by welding and retested. 用焊接修補可能存在的漏洞并重復試驗。All tests shall be repeated until

26、no leaks are observed. 所有試驗要重復進行直到?jīng)]有漏洞被發(fā)現(xiàn)。All testing of tanks and spaces must take place and shall be carried out as agreed with the Classification Body. 所有艙室和隔斷的試驗的進行必須由船檢同意執(zhí)行。The outside surface of tanks and spaces must be dry and clean prior to testing.在測試之前艙室和隔斷的外表面一定要干燥清潔。205. X-ray, UT, MPI a

27、nd other NDT(X射線，超聲波，磁微粒和其他無損探傷)Welds of structural steel are to be subject to Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) as the construction work proceeds. Testing is to be carried out applying suitable methods such as visual inspection, radiographic,magnetic particle, ultrasonic etc.鋼結構焊接的無損探傷可以隨著結構的建造同時進行。檢查可

28、以應用合適的方法進行，如：肉眼觀察，X光成像，磁粉，超聲波等。The extent of testing shall be in accordance with the Classification Bodysrequirements. NDT is to be reported and all essential control parametersare to be given, and shall be available to the Owner.All NDT operators shall be certified according to Class Bodys requirem

29、ent or equivalent certification scheme accepted by Owner.檢查的范圍必須滿足船檢的要求。無損探傷必須記錄并且提供基本的控制參數(shù)，以備接受船東的詢問。所有無損探傷操作人員的鑒定必須滿足船級社的要求或者船東認可的同等級的證明。21. Pontoons(浮碼頭)For details see drawings.詳見圖紙22. Columns(支柱)For details see drawings. 詳見圖紙24. Main deck主甲板For details see drawings. 詳見圖紙25. Superstructure, deck

30、 houses and helideck(上層建筑，甲板室和直升機甲板)251. Superstructure(上層建筑)The superstructure may be built up as a part of the main structure.上層建筑可以算做主體結構的一部分。Heli-deck support structure to be of round or square tubing. For layout seedrawings.直升機甲板用圓形或方形的結構支撐。見圖紙。26. Hull outfitting( 舾裝)261. Draught marks, loadli

31、ne, name and port of registry( 吃水標志，載重線，船名和港籍)The unit shall be marked with draught marks visible from main deck on allColumns, Loadline marks as required, as well as name and port of registry.船體所有的柱子都要在主甲板可以看見的位置按要求標上吃水標志，載重線，以及船名和港籍。GM 4000 Hull call sign shall be marked on both sides, forwards an

32、d aft, aswell as on the helideck.GM 4000船的船名標志應該標記在船的兩舷，首尾端以及直升機甲板。262. Drain,bottom plugs, sea chests, manholes, weather tight covers(流水孔,放泄旋塞，海底閥箱，人孔，密閉艙蓋)No drain or bottom plugs to be installed in the shell plating. No manholesin shell plating below lowest waterline to be installed.外板上不設置排水孔和放泄旋

33、塞。在最低水線以下不設置人孔。There shall be one sea chest in the pump rooms, on each side for the ballastsystem.壓載系統(tǒng)的每一個側面的泵機房里都會有一個海底門。There shall be one sea chest in the pump rooms, on each side for the firepump.消防泵的每一個側面的泵機房里都會有一個海底門。There shall be one sea chest in the pump rooms, for the SW cooling systemand

34、general system.SW冷卻系統(tǒng)和常規(guī)系統(tǒng)的泵機房里都會有一個海底門。There shall be one sea chest in each of thruster rooms.每個推進器室有一個海底門。Sea chests to be fitted with venting and drain by drilling holes in shellplate at the sea chest box corners.通過在海底門的彎角處鉆孔可以排出污水。Manholes to be according to NS 6261 ,NS 6262 or 6263.Where flush

35、manholes are required; NS 6264 or 6265. Weather tight hatches to be according to NS 2742 or NS2743按照NS 6261 ,NS 6262 or 6263安裝人孔。按照NS 6264或6265來安裝平板式人孔蓋。按照NS 2742或NS2743安裝風雨密蓋。262. Chain pipes(錨鏈管)Each chain locker shall be fitted with a chain pipe leading the chain tobelow the anchor winches on twe

36、en deck.每個錨鏈艙都要安裝錨鏈管來引導錨鏈到中間甲板之間的起錨機下部。263. Foundations( 基座)Rigid foundations shall be made for all machinery, equipment, spare parts and other equipment as required.所有的機器和設備都配備剛性基座，其他部位和設備根據(jù)要求也會配備。The foundations will be arranged in a way to obtain the sufficient support from stiffeners, girders et

37、c. The foundations shall be arranged with sufficient access for drainage and maintenance as practicable/possible.基座的安裝要用型材，縱桁等加強。要盡可能安排足夠大的空間以備流水和維修用。266. Ladders and rails(梯子和欄桿)Access ways, openings, ladders, rails, etc shall be designed and fabricatedin accordance with regulation and class.上船通道，入

38、口，梯子，欄桿等等的設計和制作與規(guī)范相一致。Builders standard to be in accordance with regulations as stated in Main Group 0.船廠標準要與第0章的建造規(guī)定一致。Rails and stanchions shall be fitted on the upper deck and each accommodation deck, except the area where bulwarks shall be arranged.Spacing of stanchions and rails as specified in

39、 relevant rules.除舷墻外,上甲板及每層居住甲板處要設置欄桿和支柱。支柱和欄桿的間距會在相應的規(guī)定中詳細說明。27. Material protection (涂裝)271. Lower parts of hull(船體以下)Hull below transit waterline to be sand blasted to SA 2,5 and coated with 1x 125my FC Mastic Al, 1 x 125my FC Mastic, 2 x 100my FC Antifouling.船體水線以下沖砂打磨至SA 2,5并且涂上一層125my FC Masti

40、c Al漆,一層125my FC Mastic漆，二層100my FC 防污漆.272. Upper parts of hull(船體以上)Hull above transit waterline to be sand blasted to SA 2.5 and primed with1 x 125my FC Mastic Al, 1 x 125my FC Mastic orange, 1 x 50my TC Polyurethane orange. 船體水線以上船體沖砂打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，一層125my FC Mastic Al漆,一層125my FC Mastic 橙色漆,一層50

41、my TC橙色聚亞安酯漆.All hull markings to be dressed up in white polyurethane.船體表面的所有標記都要噴涂白色聚亞安酯油漆。273. Weather decks(露天甲板)All weather decks to be sand blasted to SA 2.5 and primed with 1 x 125myFC Mastic Al, 1 x 125my FC Mastic gray, 2 x 50my TC PolyurethaneDeck Paint gray.所有的露天甲板沖砂打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，一層125my F

42、C Mastic Al漆, 一層 125my FC Mastic灰色漆, 一層50my TC灰色聚亞安酯甲板漆.274. Equipment on weather decks(露天甲板上的設備)All equipment to be cleaned and painted with 1 x 125my FC Mastic Al, 1x 125my FC Mastic orange, 1 x 50my TC Polyurethane orange.所有的設備都要打掃干凈，噴涂一層125my FC Mastic Al漆，一層125my FC Mastic橙色漆，一層 50my TC橙色聚亞安酯漆。

43、275. Deck houses/superstructure(甲板室/上層建筑)To be sand blasted to SA 2.5 and primed with 1 x 125my FC Mastic Al,1 x 125my FC Mastic orange, 1 x 50my TC Polyurethane orange.沖砂打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，一層125my FC Mastic Al漆，一層125my FC Mastic橙色漆，一層50my TC橙色聚亞安酯漆。276. Galvanizing(鍍鋅)Galvanizing of equipment and fittin

44、g to be hot dip galvanized according to a GB 13912-1992 or equivalent recognized standard.設備的電鍍和高溫鍍鋅要依照GB 13912-1992或者等價的公認的標準。278. Cathodic protection external(表面陰極保護)Hull below transit waterline shall be fitted with anodes suitable for 15years service. All anodes shall be covered before painting.

45、The yard shallpresent calculations made by anode supplier, to document 15 years of lifetime. Anodes shall not be covered by paint or coating.低于設計水線的船體要安裝陽極，保證15年的使用壽命。所有的陽極在噴涂之前應該遮蓋。船廠要有陽極供應商提供的計算書，證明可以使用15年。陽極不應該被涂料和保護層覆蓋。28. Material protection, internal(內(nèi)部涂裝)281. Rooms in accommodation, stores(居住

46、甲板和儲藏室的房間)Exposed areas to be cleaned, all welds to be spot blasted to SA 2.5,priming by 1x 100my Mastic FC, 1x 50my Polyurethane TC.暴露區(qū)域要清掃干凈，所有的焊縫打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，一層100my Mastic FC漆，一層 50my TC聚亞安酯漆。Bulkheads and roofs to be white, decks to be light grey.艙壁和天花板要噴成白色，甲板涂淡灰色。All areas behind panels to be cleaned and all welds to be spot blasted to SA 2.5, priming by 2x 100my Mastic FC of any colour.板的反面清掃干凈，所有的焊縫打磨至SA 2.5并打底漆，任意顏色二層 100my Mastic FC漆。282. Pump rooms, engine rooms, access ways(泵機室，機艙，通道)To be cleaned, all welds to be spot blasted to SA 2.5, priming by 1x125my Mastic Al