小六英語第11講：情態(tài)動詞

1、第1僻情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞這類詞本身雖有意義，但不完整。它們表示說話人的能力、 說話人的語氣或情態(tài)，如“可能”、應當 等。這類動詞有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。它們不能單獨作謂語，必須與行為動詞（原形）一起作謂語，表示完整的意思，例如：I can dance.（我會跳舞。） can,能，會一.情態(tài)動詞的主要特征l.can、may、must都有各自的詞義，表示能力、可能、允諾、愿意、請求等情態(tài)，因詞義不完全，不能單獨作謂語，只能和動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語。2.情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。構(gòu)成疑問句時，通常放在主語前面；構(gòu)成否定句時，not放在這些情

2、態(tài)動詞之后?？捎盟鼈兊目s寫形式（can t, cannot, mustn 等）t。、情態(tài)動詞的種類情態(tài)動詞詞義否定形式詞義can能夠，會cant不能，不會could能夠，會couldn t不能，不會may可以/must必須mustn t不允許，不能shall將，要/should應該shouldn t不應該need*亞 rru攵needn t不必would將會，愿wouldnt不會，不愿三.情態(tài)動詞主要用法1.can, could 和 be able to1）表示能力，例如：I can speak a little Japanese.She couldn t speak Chinese when

3、 she came to our school last month.Be able to代替can,也可以表示能力。但 can只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時(could),而beable to則有更多的時態(tài)形式，例如：My little brother has been able to write.2)表示允許，準許，這時 can與may可以互換，例如：Can/May I borrow your bike tomorrow?Yes, of course. You can/may use my bike tomorrow.You can t smoke here.表示請求時肯定的回答方式有：Yes

4、, you can. /Of course. Certainly. / Sure否定回答方式有： No, you can N o , you mustn t.3)表示客觀可能性，用在否定句和疑問句中表示說話人的懷疑、猜測或不肯定。例如：He cannot/can t be there.Can this news be true?4 ) could除表示can的過去式外，在口語中還常代替can ,表示非常委婉的請求。這時could和can沒有時間上的差別。例如：Could/Can you tell me if he will go tomorrow?Could/Can I ask you som

5、ething if you are not busy?5 .may 和 might1)表示準許”和許可”，這時可與can替換。例如：May (can) I use your dictionary for a moment?May I take these magazines out of the readingroom? No, you mustn t.2)表示說話人的猜測，認為某事可能”發(fā)生，例如：Where s John? He may be at the library.Mr. Green hasn t talked with her. He may not know her.He ma

6、y be at home.Maybe he was at home.3)might除表示may的過去式外，在口語中還常代替 may,表示非常委婉的請示或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可 能性較小。這時 might和may沒有時間上的差異。例如： Might (May) I speak to you for a few minutes? Might I have a photo of your family?6 .must1)must表示說話人的主觀意志，表示義務、命令或必要、應當和必須等?，F(xiàn)在式與過去式 同形。如：I must go to school today.He told me I mustn t leave

7、 until my mother came.2)must表示推測，工定是“、準是，例如：They must be very tired. Let them have a rest.Jack doesn t look well. He must be ill.一、/注息：? have to表示 必須、不得不，它不僅能代替 must,用于現(xiàn)在時和過去時以外的其他 時態(tài)，表示說話人的主觀看法，而且又表示客觀上的需要。例如：If we miss the last bus, we shall have to walk home.The ship started to go down slowly. We

8、 must leave the ship.?在回答must的疑問句時，否定回答常用 needn 表示 不必”，例如：Must I return this book to you in two weeks?(這本書我兩星期以后必須還你嗎？)Yes, you must. (是的。)No, you needn t(不，不必了。)7 .needneed (需要)既可作情態(tài)動詞，又可作實義動詞。1) need作情態(tài)動詞時，只用于否定句或疑問句。例如：It s warm today. You needn t put on your coat.Need I post your books to you?2)

9、 need作及物動詞時：need sth / to do sth / doing sth四.情態(tài)動詞常見句型1、Can I help you?Yes, please. / No, thanks.2、Can + 主語 + 動詞原形？ Yes,can. No,can t.3、Can I borrow your book?Yes, of course.4、Can I write on the book? No, you can mustn t.5、Could Can you help me?Yes, of course.Certainly. Sure.6、Could Can you tell me

10、the way to the Zoo?7、May I come in ?Come in, please.8、 Sorry, please don t.9、May I have some Coke?- Yes, of course.10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? Speaking. Who s calling?11、should、shouldn 表示勸告：1) He should get up early.2) She shouldn t play computer game too much.12、Should + 主語 + 動詞原形？ Yes,shou

11、ld. No, shouldn t.13、表示建議 你愿意嗎”Would you like to go shopping with me?Yes, I d love to. /I d love to. But I m busy now.14、就餐用語 Would you like something to eatdrink? - Yes, I d like 15、shall用于第一人稱(I, we),可以表示 將”和表示建議“好嗎？”1) Where shall we have dinner?2) Shall we go fishing?All right. OK. Good idea.16、

12、Must + 主語 + 動詞原形？ -Yes,must.No,needn t.1.2.情態(tài)動詞的種類和主要用法； 各個情態(tài)動詞之間的意義區(qū)分;3.常見的含有情態(tài)動詞的口語;（不用添加內(nèi)容，任課老師根據(jù)學生情況自行添加）適當?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空：1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card?No, you2.3.I use your car?I go home now?Yes, youNo, you _stay here.4. My mother is ill. Istay at home and look after her.5.6. You7.8. The c

13、lock9.10. you like some tea?take more exercise.you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park? tell us the time.you like to go fishing with me? we play football this afternoon?This is Lucy and that is Lily. They are twins. They look1 . They arenew students in 3 class. They are 4 Grade One. Jim can new 6

14、 . They go to the shop( 商店).They would like something2 . They are them. They are and drink. Lucywould like 8 somebread. Lily wouldlike 9 a bottleof10 . Jim would like()1.A. a sameB. the sameC. sameD.an same()2.A. twinB. sistersC. brothersD.American()3.A. JimB. of JimC. Jim sD.of Jim s()4.A. onB. atC

15、. inD.of()5.A. look likeB. look afterC. look atD.look()6.A. teachersB. studentC. friendsD. boys()7.A. eatB. to eatC. eatingD.eats()8.A. eatB. to eatC. eatingD.eats()9.A. to drinkB. to eatC. to giveD.drink()10.A. orangeB. an orangeC. orangesD.some orangeIt s a fine day today. Jim s_familiehaving a pi

16、cnic(野餐).They put asome apples.(布)on the ground( 地面). 2 it are some yellow bananas, red apples,big cloth3 and somewhite eggs. The woman in the white trousers5_ English teacher in No. 12 Middle School. The man isMrs Green. She is thirty-five . She is6 father. He is forty. Hisshirt is black and his tr

17、ousers7 yellow. He is a teacher, too. They have a black car,but you can t see8 shirt is green. The girl you see the bag? Yes, it()1.A. isin the picture. 9 that boy? That s Jim. He is drinking(!水).His 10 him is his sister, Kate. 11 is in a red dress today. Cans behind their father. Whatnace picture 1

18、2 .B. areC. isn tD. aren t()2.A. InB.NearC.OnD.Under()3.A.oranges orangesB.orange orangesC.orange orangeD.oranges orange()4.A. isB.areC.inD.am()5.A. aB.theC.anD.x()6.A. SamB.Sam sC.Sams sD.Sams()7.A. areB.beC.isD.have()8.A. themB.himC.itD.her()9.A. What sB.Who sC.Where sD.How()10.A. backB.behindC.of

19、D.to()11.A. HerB.HersC.SheD.He()12.A. is itB.it isC.isD.it選出正確答案。1)Lucy should her homework now.A. finishesB. finishingC. finishedD. finish2)My mother would back soon.A. cameB. comesC. comeD. will come3)Could you me a hand.A. givingB. givesC. givenD. give4)Should I now.A. startedB. startingC. startD

20、. starts5) I take this one?A. CouldB. WillC. AreD. Do6)-Can you speak English?-No, I .A. mustntB. cantC. couldntD. may not7)You _ go and see a doctor because you had a fever(發(fā)燒)A. couldB. mightC. shouldD. would8)Jim _ come tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. shall9)The chi

21、ldren play football on the road.A. couldntB. couldC. mustD. mustnt10) - Can I take this book out?-No, you .A. must notB. could notC. will notD. arent11) Ilike to go with you.A. couldB. wouldC. shouldD. will12) She is bleeding (流血).She go to hospital quickly.A. couldB. wouldC. shouldD. will13) You wa

22、tch TV after finishing your homework.A. wouldB. canC. mustD. should14) It is late. I go home now.A. couldB. wouldC. shouldD. will15) - What I do at the meeting?A. has toB. would likeC. shouldD. not shouldB按要求改寫句子。1. I can swim fast.I fast.(否定句)2. You must return the books now.(一般疑問句)-I the books now

23、? - No, you.3. They could take the books out of the room.(否定句)They the books out of the room.4. He can play basketball well.(一般疑問句)he basketball well?5. You should get up early.( 否定句)You get up late.6. Could I borrow your pen?(肯定否定回答)C2 wearing a white shirt and4 with us. We all like himMr Hu 1 us E

24、nglish this term. He is nice. He black trousers. He 3 very good English . He often very much.Mr Hu 5two little sons. They re twin brothers. They are only five. They often 6play with 9. Mr Huthe same clothes. 7 Betty goes to Mr Hu s home. She loves to 8 the twins and10 his sons, Bao Bao and Bei Bei.(

25、)1.A. tellsB.teaches()2.A. isB.likes()3.A. speaksB. says()4.A. saysB. speaks()5.A. wantsB.has()6.A. wearB.put on()7.A. ButB.And()8.A. lookB.think()9.A. twinsB.ones()10.A. callsB.nameC. speaksD. worksC. wantD. doesC. tellsD. teachesC. talksD. tellsC. looks afterD. teachesC. haveD. inC. ThenD. Sometim

26、esC. takeD. seeC. theyD. themC. thinksD. think() 1 、 You be careful with fire when you have a picnic in the forest. Its toodangerous.A、 willB、 mustC、 canD 、 may() 2、 Tom , dont drive too fast , you hit the others cars.OK , I wont , Mum.A、 mustB 、 needC 、 mayD、 have to() 3 、 You gave made the same mi

27、stake once again. You be more carefulnext time.A、 canB、 mayC 、 had toD、 should() 4 、 What are you going to eat for supper?I have noodles.A、 need to B、 mustC 、 mayD、 can() 5 、 May I put my bike here?No, you . You should put it over there.A、 chouldnt B 、 neednt C、 mustntD 、 wont() 6 、 you come to my b

28、irthday party tomorrow, Robert?Im afraid not. I have to study for my exam.A、 MustB、 Should C、 CanD、 need() 7 、 you play golf?No.But I can play table tennis.A、 CanB、 MayC、 MustD、 Should() 8 、 Jill looks so painful, there be something wrong with her.Oh, dear! Wed better take her to the nearest hospita

29、l at once.A、 canB、 shouldC 、 wouldD 、 must() 9 、 Who is the girl standing over there?Well, if you know, her name is Joe.A、 mustB、 mayC、D、() 10 、 That tall boy be John. John is medium height.A、 mustntB 、 mustC、cantD、 might() 11 、 My car was broken down. Could you please give me a ride tomorrow.Im sor

30、ry I . Im leaving for London tonight.A、 cantB、 mustntC、 couldntD 、 shouldnt() 12 、 Shall we go shopping now ?Im afraid we buy anything. All shops are closed.A、 cantB、 neednt C 、 mustntD、 shouldnt() 13 、 Must I stay here for hours?No, you . You can leave any time.A、 mustnt B 、 needntC 、 cantD、 can()

31、14 、 May I go surfing alone this afternoon?No, you . Its dangerous.A、 may not B、 cantC、 needntD、 dont() 15 、 You stop your car when the traffic light is red.A、 mustB 、 mayC、canD、 might(t cut any trees.C. Yes, certainly.B. All right.單項選擇。)1. you like some milk ?A. Would B. Could C. Can)2. We pick the