專升本英語(閱讀)模擬試卷112

1、專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷112（ 總分： 50.00 ，做題時間： 90 分鐘 ）一、BPart III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are fourpassages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages andchoose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the correspo

2、ndingletter on the Answer Sheet./B（總題數(shù)：5，分數(shù)：50.00）Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought upin the same way, mybrothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no earfor music and langu

3、ages. I was not an early reader andI could not do mental arithmetic. Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary.I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of myroom and mytoys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family ofgrand-parents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered

4、next door. But I do have a crystal-clear memory of the dogs, thefarm animals, the local birds and, above all, the insects. I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of thenatural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and e

5、njoyburning the midnight oil while reading about other peoples observations and discoveries. Then something happens thatbrings these observations together in myconscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle,because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing

6、 300 papers and books, which some might honorwith the title of scientific research.But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist; one ofthe outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist re

7、quires not onlyself-discipline but hard training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. Ifyou can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds. （分數(shù)： 10.00 ）（1）.The first paragraph tells us that the author_. （分數(shù)： 2.00 ）A. was born to a naturalist

8、s familyB. lost his hearing when he was a childC. didnt like his brothers and sistersD.was interested in flowers and insects inhis childhoodV解析：解析：從文章第一段第二句“ Although we were all brought up in the same way， my brothers and sisters soonabandoned their pressed flowers and insects”可推知作者的兄弟姐妹不久就放棄了這種愛好，

9、而作者卻沒有。因此選D。（2）_ .The author cant remember his relatives clearlybecause_ .（分數(shù)： 2.00 ）A. he didnt live very long with themB. he was fully occupied with observing natureVC. he was too young when he lived with themD. the family was extremely large解析：解析： 從第二段最后一句“ But I do have a crystal clear memoryof

10、the dogs，the farm animals ， the localbirds and，above all ， the insects ”可推斷出答案是B。（3）.Which of the following statement is true?（分數(shù)： 2.00 ）A. The author believes that a born naturalist cannot be a scientist.B. The authors brothers and sisters were good at music and languages.VC. The author read a lot

11、of books about the natural world and the oil industry.D. The author spent a lot of time working on riddles.解析：解析：由第一段倒數(shù)第二句“ Unlike them ， I had no ear for music and languages ”可推斷出 作者的兄弟姐妹們都很擅長音樂和語言。其他幾項都同文意不相符。（4）.The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he t

12、hinks he. （分數(shù)： 2.00 ）Aacks some of the qualities required of a scientistVB. has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmeticC. just reads about other peoples observations and discoveriesD. comes up with solutions in a most natural way解析： 解析： 第四段第一句說至 U one of the outstanding an d essential qualit

13、ies required is self-discipline ， a qualityI lack ”因此選 A。（5）.According to the author, a born naturalist should first of all be_.（分數(shù)： 2.00 ）A. full of ambitionB. full of enthusiasmVC. knowledgeableD. self-disciplined解析： 解析： 從文章第三段第二句“ I have a strong love of the natural world ，and my enthusiasm has l

14、ed meinto variedinvestigations ”可推知個天生的自然學家最首要的條件是 enthusiasm 。故選 B。Sporting activities are essentiallymodified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the modern footballer is in reality a member of a hunting group.His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey（獵物） into

15、 a goal-mouth. If his aim is accurateand he scoresa goal, he enjoys the hunters triumph of killing his prey. To understand how this transformation has taken place, wemust briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving as co-operative hunters. Their verysurvival depend

16、ed on success in the hunting-field.Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners,jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They co-operated as skillful male-group attackers. Then about ten thousandyears ago, after this immensel

17、y long period of hunting their food, they becamefarmers. Their improved intelligence, sovital to their old hunting life, was put to a new use that of controlling and domesticating their prey. The hunt becamesuddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and un

18、certainties of the huntwere no longer essential for survival. The skills and thirst for hunting remained, however, and demanded new outlets.Hunting for sport replaced hunting for necessity.This new activity involved all the original hunting sequences, but the aim of the operation was no longer to av

19、oidstarvation. Instead the sportsmen set off to test their skill against prey that were no longer essential to their survival. Tobe sure, the kill may have been eaten, but there were other, much simpler ways of obtaining a meaty meal.（分數(shù)： 10.00 ）（1）_.The author believes that sporting activities.（分數(shù)：

20、2.00 ）A. are forms of biological developmentB. are essentially forms of taming the preyC. have actually developed from huntingVD. have changed the way of hunting解析：解析：由文章第一段第一句“ Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior ”可知正確答案是 C。（2）_ .In a football game, what is equal

21、to the prey inhunting is_ .（分數(shù)： 2.00 ）A. any member of the opposing teamB. the goal-mouthVC. the goal keeperD. the football解析：解析：由第一段第三句“ His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey （獵物）into a goal mouth. ”可知 B 正確。(3).For over a million years, our forefathers were basicallyA.

22、 co-operating huntersVB. successful farmers分數(shù)： 2.00 )(2)_.Using context clues wemay infer that iodine, fluoride, and calcium are_ .2.00 )A. substances which act positively or negatively on mans healthVC.runners and jumpersD.skillful sportsmen 解析：解析：第二段第二句說到“ Theyspent over a million 因此選 A。(4).The wo

23、rd operation (Para.4) refers to_ .years evolving分數(shù)： 2.00 )as co operative hunters A.domesticating animalsB.huntingC.prey killingD.sports activitiesV解析：解析：從上下文推測“ This new activity involved aim ofthe operation was no longer to avoid starvation 相對應(yīng)。只有 D項正確。hunting sequences， but theall the original”在這

24、里 the operation 和 new activity(5).Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?分數(shù)： 2.00 )A.It is farming that gives human beings enough leisure time for sporting activities.B. Farming is very important in human civilization because it saves human beings from risks and uncertai

25、nties ofhunting for survival.C.It is hunting that provides human beings with much simpler ways of obtaining meaty meals.D.Sporting activities satisfy the desire of modern man to exercise hunting skills which hisforefathers developed for survival.V解析：解析：文章第一段講了足球起源，而第二、三段講了過程的發(fā)展，最后一段講一些區(qū)別。只有 D 概 括了整個

26、內(nèi)容。A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence of geographyand climate on the psychological and physical health of mankind. There seems no doubt that the general character ofthe landscape, the relative length of day and night, and the clima

27、te must all play a big part in determining what kind ofpeople we are. It is true that a few studies have been made. Where all the inhabitantsof particular area enjoyexceptionallygood or bad health, scientists have identified contributoryfactors such as the presence or absenceof substances like iodin

28、e, fluoride, calcium, or iron in the water supply, or perhaps types of land that provide breedingplaces for pests like mosquitoes or rats. Moreover, we can all generalize about types of people we have met. Thoseliving in countries with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and less vivaciou

29、s( 活潑的 ) than inhabitants ofcountries where theclimate is more equable (穩(wěn)定). And where the olive and the orange grow, there the inhabitantsare cheerful, talkative,and spontaneous. But these commonplace generalizations are inadequate:the influence of climate and geography should be studied in depth.

30、Do all mountain dwellers live to a ripe old age?Does the drinking of wine, rather than beer, result in a sunny and opentemperament? Is the strength and height of one of the Kenyan tribes due to their habitual drinkingof the blood of cows? We are not yet sure of the answers to such questions, but let

31、 us hope thatsomething of benefit to mankind may eventually result from such studies.分數(shù)： 10.00 )(1)._ might serve as a suitable title for this selection.A.The Importance of Geographical EnvironmentB.The Influence of Geographical Environment on ManC.Generalization of Types of PeopleD.Geographical Env

32、ironment, a Mysterious Subject解析：解析：文章先提出一個問題，而后是說明。文章的段首(分數(shù)： 2.00 )VA subject which seems to have beeninsufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence of geography and climateon the psychological and physical health of mankind”即是中心。故選 B。分數(shù)：B. harmful substances in the water supp

33、lyC. substances which help provide breeding places for pestsD. substances contributory to good health解析： 解析： 結(jié)合上下文“ Where all the inhabitants of particular area enjoy exceptionally good or bad health ， scientistshave identified contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substances like

34、iodine , fluoride , calcium , oriron in the water supply”可知，科學家已識別造成居民身體好壞的一些因素，其中包括“iodine , fluoride , calcium ，故選 A。此題的關(guān)鍵要讀出exceptionally good or bad health和 the presence or absence 。(3) .We may infer from the third paragraph that geography and climate play an important role indetermining the inh

35、abitants _ .(分數(shù)： 2.00 )A. health conditionB. personalityVC. life-spanD. all of the above解析：解析：從文章第三段的“ talktive “vivacious ”“ cheerful ”和“ spontaneous ”等詞可以推斷 出本段主要講的是氣候?qū)π愿竦挠绊憽Ｒ虼?B 項正確。(4) .According to the author, research into the influence of geography and climate should_.(分數(shù)： 2.00 )A. focus on s

36、ome unknown aspectsB. be pursued on a larger scaleC. be carried out within a larger scopeD. go much deeperV解析： 解析： 文章第四段第一句說到“ But these commonplace generalizations are inadequate ：the influence of climateand geography should be studied in depth”在文中 in depth 與答案 go muchdeeper 屬于同義替換。(5) .The author

37、hopes that studies on the influence of geographical environment will enable usto_ . (分數(shù)： 2.00 )A. generalize better about types of peopleB. find better water suppliesC. gain an insight into its influence on mankindVD. live to a ripe old age解析：解析：文章最后一句話“ bu t let us hope that something of benefit to

38、 mankind may eventually result from suchstudies .”表明了作者的希望。C 總結(jié)最全面。故選 GThe agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things; the invention of labor-saving machinery and thedevelopment of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarc

39、e. InEurope, said Thomas Jefferson, the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to makethe most of our labor, land being abundant. It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in the nineteenthcentury agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of

40、the century, with the exception of a crude( 粗糙的 ) plow,farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. By 1860, most of the machineryin use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As earlyas

41、 1890 Charles Newbolt of NewJersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune inintroducing his invention. The farmers, however, would homenone of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil andmade the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention

42、 to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver ofSouth Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow. （分數(shù)： 10.00 ）（1）.The word here in Line 4 refers to_. （分數(shù)： 2.00 ）A. EuropeB. AmericaVC. New JerseyD. Indiana解析：解析：根據(jù)上下文，這里的“ here 指的是美國。（2）.Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分數(shù)： 2.00

43、）A. The need for labor helped the invention of machinery in America.B. The farmer rejected Charles Newbolt s plow for fear of ruin of their fields.C. Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery.VD. It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced.解析：解析：文章第三句說到：“ In Euro

44、pe， the object is to make the most of their land ， labor being sufficient ；here it is to make the most of our labor， land being abundant ” （在歐洲，由于勞動力充足，所以要充分利用土地；而在美國，由于土地充足，所以要充分使用勞動力。） 因此說歐洲和美國都急需農(nóng)業(yè)機械化是錯誤的。C 為正確答案。（3）_ .The passage is mainly about. （分數(shù)： 2.00 ）A. the agriculture revolutionB. the in

45、vention of labor-saving machineryVC. the development of scientific agricultureD. the farming machinery in America 解析：解析：文章的主旨應(yīng)當是“節(jié)省勞動力的機器的發(fā)明”。（4）_.At the opening of the nineteenth century,farmers in America_ .（分數(shù)： 2.00 ）A. preferred light toolsB. were extremely self-reliant （自給的 ）C. had many toolsD.

46、 had very few toolsV解析：解析：文章第五句說到：“ At the opening of the century ， with the exception of a crude plow ， farmers couldhave carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs ” （在 本世紀 （19 世紀）初，除了一把粗糙的耕犁之外，農(nóng)民可以把其余所有的農(nóng)具放在背上。）說明當時的農(nóng)具很少。 D 為正確答案。（5）_.It is implied but not stated in

47、 the passage that.（分數(shù)： 2.00 ）A. there was a shortage of workers on American farmsVB. the most important of the early invention was the iron plowC. after 1869, many people devoted their attention to the plowD. Charles Newbolt had made a fortune by his cast-iron plow 解析：解析：文章暗含的內(nèi)容是“美國缺乏勞動力”。Katherine

48、walked into a newspaper office, and demanded to see the editor. Fortunately, the editor was passing theinquiry office when she asked for him. Seeing she was a girl of school age, he thought it might offer him an amusing fiveminutes between interviews. Katherine was very rude to him when he told her

49、they didnt accept schoolgirls. She saidshe was surprised that the editor of a great London newspaper did not know how to behave like a gentleman. The editorsat back inhis chair and laughed heartily. He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty. Aftersome furt

50、her conversation, in which Katherine attempted to persuade him that she could do anything he wanted, fromwriting a leading article to a serial story, she said: I am not going to leave this room until you put me on the staff! Thenthe editor had to speak to her rather seriously, and told her what a gr

51、eat London newspaper meant to a girl and howutterly ignorant she was of everything that would make her useful as a journalist. Upon this Katherine burst into tears,and the editor, who had dismissed many men in the course of his career, walked up and down the room wondering whathe could do for this e

52、xtraordinary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment. Look here, he said, ifyou come to mein two years time, with a knowledge of shorthand, and if you promise not to shed tears on myblotting-paper, I will give you something to do. Really? If you dont mind, Ill have it in black a

53、nd white, said the girl.The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she looked. He drafted out anagreement for her on the lines laid down with a great deal of solemnity （ 嚴肅 ） which he found quite amusing, for hewas confident that the young girl might quite as well change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before theagreement took effect. （分數(shù)： 10.00 ）（1）.The real reason why the edit