2016賓語從句精講

1、 第一頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。語法專項- Object Clause 賓語從句賓語從句 第二頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。從句的概念從句的概念句子成分（主謂賓定狀補(bǔ)）通常都是單詞，這樣的句子叫簡單句。eg：I love English very much.（我非常喜歡英語。）如果句子里用另一個句子做句子成分，那就是一個復(fù)雜句，而做成分的句子叫做從句。eg：I know that English is not easy for some of you to learn well.(我知道學(xué)好英語對于你們中的一些人不容易。) We all like people who are ki

2、nd and honest.(我們都喜歡那些善良誠實的人。) You can learn English well as long as you work hard.(只要你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就可以學(xué)好英語。) 第三頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。一、賓語從句的概念一、賓語從句的概念 賓語從句即一個句子在另一個句子中作賓語，而賓語從句即一個句子在另一個句子中作賓語，而不再是一個詞或短語作賓語。不再是一個詞或短語作賓語。I like my teacher.（名詞作賓語（名詞作賓語)I know him .（代詞作賓語）（代詞作賓語）I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作

3、賓語）句子作賓語）賓語從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)：賓語從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)： 主語主語+謂語謂語+連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語從句賓語從句第四頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。在賓語從句后的括號內(nèi)打在賓語從句后的括號內(nèi)打，并分析賓語從句的成分，并分析賓語從句的成分。eg：I think that mooncakes are delicious！（） 主句的主語：I 謂語：think 連接詞：that 賓語從句：mooncakes are delicious 1. Bill thinks that the races were not that interesting to watch.( )2. Bi

4、ll wonders whether theyll have zongzi again next year.( )3. They carry peoples wishes to the families they love and miss.( )4. He warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doest want to end up like him. ( ) 第五頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。二、賓語從句三要素二、賓語從句三要素連連 接接 詞詞時時 態(tài)態(tài)語語 序序（從句中的語序）（從句中的語序）（主句和從句中的時（主句和從句中的時態(tài)）態(tài)）第六頁

5、，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。1.that (that 在句子中沒有意思，往往可以省去，從句是個陳述句。)2.whether/if（whether和if 引導(dǎo)的句子，從句是個一般疑問句，翻譯為“是否”。）3.連接代詞（從句是個特殊疑問句）who whom whose what which4. 連接副詞（從句是個特殊疑問句） when why where how（一）連（一）連 接接 詞詞第七頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略e.g. 1. I hear (that) _. （一小時后他一小時后他會回來）會回來）2. He

6、 said (that) _. （他非常想念我們）他非常想念我們）3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時候，無論主句什么時態(tài)，從句注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時候，無論主句什么時態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時一律用一般現(xiàn)在時第八頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。e.g. 1. Ask him _. （他是否他是否能來）能來）2. I dont know _.

7、（是否要下雨）是否要下雨） whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not當(dāng)句末為當(dāng)句末為or not時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.第九頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。只能用whether而不能用if 的情況1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will come is not dec

8、ided. 與與or not 連用只能用連用只能用whether介詞后只能用介詞后只能用whether與與to do 不定式連用只能用不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用作主語只能用whether第十頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get to the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer the question1. He asked _. (誰能回答這個問題誰能回答這個問題）2. Do you know_. （他們在等誰他們在等誰）3. Pl

9、ease tell me _. （我們什么時候開會我們什么時候開會）4. Can you tell me _. （他在哪兒他在哪兒）5. Could you tell me _. （我該怎么去車站我該怎么去車站）6. Would you tell me _（為什么火車遲到了為什么火車遲到了） whom they are waiting for第十一頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。一一.選擇合適的連接詞選擇合適的連接詞1 I dont know _or not. A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home C. that he is at home

10、 D. whether is he at home 2 This depends on _ the weather is fine. A. which B. whether C. if D. that 3 The teacher asked the new student _ class he was in. A. which B. where C. if D. that ABA第十二頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。4 I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. Hell help us with our English. A. why B. w

11、hen C. how D. where 5 Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said? David? Yes, Mum A. what B. that C. why D. if 6 Do you know _ Mr. Blacks address is? He may live at NO.18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _. A. where, which B. where, what C. what, which D. what, where BAC第十三頁，

12、編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。7 There is not much difference between the two. I really dont know _. A. what should I choose B. which I should choose C. which should I choose D. what I should choose B第十四頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。二二. .將下列句子合并為一句將下列句子合并為一句: :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at t

13、he meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them.He said t

14、hat he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.第十五頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me?9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me?10. “Where is Tom?” They asked. Tom

15、asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was. Jim asked if he was doing his homework.第十六頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。1. 當(dāng)陳述句作賓語從句時當(dāng)陳述句作賓語從句時, 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu):主句主句+that + 主語主語 +謂語部分謂語部分2. 當(dāng)一般疑問句作賓語從句時當(dāng)一般疑問句作賓語從句時,結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu):主句主句+ if(

16、whether) +主語主語 +謂謂語部分語部分3.當(dāng)當(dāng) 特殊疑問句作賓語從句時特殊疑問句作賓語從句時,結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu):主句主句+特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+主語主語 +謂謂語部分語部分賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞小結(jié)賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞小結(jié)第十七頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。Thank you, good bye!第十八頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。 第十九頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。 二二.賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)1.在賓語從句中，從句的語序一定是陳述的在賓語從句中，從句的語序一定是陳述的eg：I wonder whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我想

17、知道他明天是否會來。 We think that mooncakes are delicious. 我們認(rèn)為月餅很美味。 I really want to know when we will get to the airport. 我真的很想知道我們什么時候 能到達(dá)飛機(jī)場。 從句中的語序：連接詞從句中的語序：連接詞+ 主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語+其它成分其它成分(連接詞在連接詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語除外從句中充當(dāng)主語除外) He asked who could answer the question. 第二十頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。 2. 2.賓語從句中的時態(tài)賓語從句中的時態(tài)1. 當(dāng)主句

18、是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r的時候，賓語從句可以用所需要的當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r的時候，賓語從句可以用所需要的任何時態(tài)。任何時態(tài)。 eg: We know (that) Mrs. Chen teaches English.2主句是過去時，賓語從句一般只能用過去時的某種主句是過去時，賓語從句一般只能用過去時的某種 eg: He asked who could answer the question.3. 當(dāng)從句敘述的是客觀事實或一般真理時，賓語從句仍然用現(xiàn)在時當(dāng)從句敘述的是客觀事實或一般真理時，賓語從句仍然用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。態(tài)。 eg: He told the boy that three plus one is

19、 four.第二十一頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。 類型一：語序類型一：語序1. Did you find out _? A. she was looking for whose child B. whose child was she looking for C. whose child she is looking for D. whose child she was looking for 2. Are you interested in _? A. how did he do it B. he did it how C. how he did it D. he how did it

20、 3. I dont know _. Can you tell me? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are DCB第二十二頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。 4. What did the scientist say? He said he wondered if _ into space by spaceship one day. A. he had to fly B. he cou

21、ld fly C. can he fly D. could he fly 5. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me _? A. Where the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where 6. I hear well have a new teacher this term. Really? Do you know_? A. what subject does he teach B. What subje

22、ct will he teach? C. what subject is he going to teach D. what subject he teaches BCD第二十三頁，編輯于星期一：九點 四十七分。 類型二：時態(tài)類型二：時態(tài)1. Its 7:30. I cant believe you_ cooking dinner yet, Sally. A. havent started B. didnt C. dont start D. hadnt started 2. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25th _ Christmas Day. A. is B. was C.