從跨文化角度分析電影片名及其翻譯

1、 編號：題 目： 從跨文化角度分析電影片名及其翻譯 Film Titles and Their TranslationA Cross-cultural Perspective學(xué)院： 外國語言文學(xué)系 專業(yè)： 09英語專業(yè) II ContentAbstractII摘要.IIIIntroduction.IVChapter one: Profile of Film Titles . .1 1.1 Definition of Film Titles.1 1.2 Profile of Films.1 1.2.1 Naming Approaches of Films.1 1.2.1.1 Naming by

2、background.1 1.2.1.2 Naming by theme.2 1.2.3.3 Naming by characters.2 1.3 Features of Film Titles .2 1.4 Functions of Film Titles2Chapter two: Cross-cultural Factors that Affect Film Titles and their Translation.4 2.1 Definition of Cross-culture.4 2.2 Cross-cultural Factors .4 2.2.1 Material Cross-c

3、ultural Factors.42.2.2 Institutional Cross-cultural Factors52.2.3 Psychological Cross-cultural Factors62.2.4Value orientation.6 2.2.5 Aesthetic Conceptions. .7Chapter three: Principles and Methods of Translating Film Titles. 83.1 Principles of Translating Film Titles from Cross-cultural Perspective.

4、83.1.1 Information Principle.83.1.2 Artistic Principle83.1.3 Commercial Principle9 3.2 The Methods of Translating Film Titles.9 3.2.1 Literal Translation.9 3.2.2 Free Translation10 3.2.3 Transliteration .10Conclusion.11Bibliography .12AbstractThe film is a reflection of the social life of a modern a

5、rt form. It can be a combination of music, dance, painting, photography and other arts and accurately restores the social reality, gives a sense of intimacy, immerse. It is more direct, more sensitive than other art forms to reflect other characteristics of the times. It has the performance practice

6、s of the other art forms, including a large number of films that can be showed in the screen.This thesis is to study the translation of the film title from a cross-cultural perspective. Language is the carrier of culture as well as a reflection of the culture, it is part of the culture, the language

7、 is the reflection of a nations characteristics, and contains the nation's history and background, and also contains the nation's way of life and way of thinking. In short, the understanding of culture must understand the language; understand the language must understand the culture, too. At

8、 the same time, the title is the crowning touch to the film, the spirit of the times and development must be reflected in the title. This article contains the conclusions of four chapters, the main cross-cultural factors that affect the translation of film titles and its methods. The first chapter i

9、s the Introduction of film title and its naming characteristics. Titles are classified by action films, comedies, horror films, disaster films, science fiction; this article focuses on the title of a comedy. Features include information, aesthetic, and commercial functions. The second chapter is the

10、 first analysis of the so-called cross-cultural definition, and then analyzes some of the factors that affect the title translation from a cross-cultural perspective, such as the value orientation, aesthetic concepts. The third chapter is about the methods and principles of its translation; the tran

11、slation method is basically divided into three ways, literal translation, free translation and transliteration, paying more attention about that, we will have a good translation title which attracts the audience's attention.Key words: Cross-culture; Film Titles; Translation摘要電影是一種反映社會生活的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)形式。它

12、可以用音樂、舞蹈、繪畫、攝影等藝術(shù)相結(jié)合而準(zhǔn)確地還原現(xiàn)實社會，給人以親近感，身臨其境。對于其他時代特征的反映，它比其他藝術(shù)形式來的更直接，更敏感。具有超越其他藝術(shù)形式的表現(xiàn)手法，其中大量電影還能復(fù)制放映。本論文從跨文化角度來研究電影片名的翻譯。語言是是文化的載體，又是文化的反映，它是文化的一部分，語言反映一個民族的特征，包含著民族的歷史和背景，也包含著民族的生活方式和思維方式等?？傊?，了解文化必須理解語言，理解語言必須了解文化。同時，片名又是電影中的點睛之筆，時代的精神和發(fā)展必定在片名當(dāng)中有所體現(xiàn)。本文包含結(jié)論共四章，主要分析了影響電影片名翻譯的因素及其方法。第一章主要是簡介一些電影片名和及其

13、命名發(fā)發(fā)，功能和特征。片名的分類主要有動作片、喜劇片、恐怖片、災(zāi)難片、科幻片等，本文將著重講述喜劇片片名上。其命名主要是通過情節(jié)、故事主題、背景和人物性格的方法給予命名。功能包括信息、審美、和商業(yè)功能。第二章主要是先分析了所謂的跨文化定義，然后分析了從跨文化角度影響片名翻譯的一些因素，如價值取向、審美概念。第三章是講述其翻譯的方法和原則,翻譯方法基本分為三種，直譯法，意譯法和音譯法。也提到了本文翻譯時需考慮的幾個原則，藝術(shù)價值，信息價值，商業(yè)價值，更多的關(guān)注那些，這樣才會有個良好的翻譯片名，吸引觀眾關(guān)注，達(dá)到美的享受。關(guān)鍵詞：跨文化 電影片名 翻譯 IntroductionThe film i

14、s a collection of art and commercial art form which is one of the most influential media. More and more English films were introduced to promote cultural exchanges between the Chinese and Western countries, and also the film title is an important part of the film which has to convey information, per

15、formance emotion, attract audience.There are many previous researches on translating film titles. A book a Cultural Study on the Translation of English (李巖，2008)referred to culture influencing the translation .With Chinas reform and opening-up; the contact with foreign countries has been continuousl

16、y strengthened. China conducts more and more cultural, economic and Political exchanges with foreign countries, so a large number of English films have been introduced into Chinese film markets. Chinese and English culture exchanges have been increasingly common. And translating foreign films has be

17、come significant activity in Promoting cultural exchange, during while cultural factors play a very important role in the translation Process. Due to cultural differences between China and English, the translation of the film is not as simple as imagined. Translators not only have to consider the or

18、iginal meaning, the contents of the original film, but also consider the original language and translated into the language, the implication of cultural information. So when we want to gain better results, what we do is to know much about culture between countries. According to this, many should be

19、taken into consideration. . This thesis will analyze from a cross-cultural perspective. Studying it is to understand more information about film titles translation, let more people know well about the effects on different culture and views. Doing this research is of big importance. Although there ar

20、e numbers of articles dealing with the translation of literal works or scientific literature, few essays are written concerning the translation of films. Let alone film titles and their translation. The paper looks at the translation process of film titles from point view of cross-culture, analyzing

21、 from many factors influenced by culture, and also estimating its own value between them. Through factors, methods and principles affecting the translation of film titles, a good title will be built. That is the aim of the research. The paper includes five parts: part one is introduction; part two i

22、s the profile of film titles, includes four sections; part three, cross-cultural factors affect film titles and translation; part four, principles and methods of translating film titles; part five is conclusion.13Nanchang Institute of Technology Graduation ThesisChapter one:

23、 Profile of Film Titles1.1 Definition of Film Titles Film title is a key word in a whole film. It is the eye to link up the theme of the film what you want to express and establish emotional tone to attract audiences. Its final objective is to add ticket sales. So a good title, to some points, can d

24、ecide whether the film is good or just so so. It is like the brain in a campus library. With the popularity of ocean films coming in, its importance seems bigger and bigger. People pay more attention to its title content. The most importance for it is just brief and vivid.1.2 Profile of FilmsAs is c

25、oncerned, films are divided into several itemizes, including music profile, dance, speech, record, love, action profiles and so on. How do film titles of these profiles name? What is the common standard of the translation of the film titles?1.2.1 Naming Approaches of Films There are main approaches

26、as follows, naming by background, naming by theme, naming by characters. To be true, there are no fixed rules governing the naming of film titles. Generally speaking, a film title to some extent summarizes the main idea and expresses the theme. It conveys art features based on the means following.1.

27、2.1.1 Naming by background Background serves as the main resource in the film. It is made of several parts, such as time place and history. Film titles like that by background, Titanic ( 泰坦尼克號 ), Detective Dee (狄仁杰之通天帝國), Pearl Harbor (珍珠港). It describes the details of the story, especially took by

28、background. Like Pearl Harbor, it takes American history as background, they are attacked by Japan at that time, and it is the portent for the WWII.1.2.1.2 Naming by theme Some of the films are based on the theme, there is no doubt that they are profound and reaching in emotion, it attracts the audi

29、ences great curiosity, and desires to see the film. To be more exact, some films are successful for its right naming ,such as the Pursuit of Happiness（ 當(dāng)幸福來敲門 ）,Brave Heart(勇敢的心)，Perfect Wedding Dress（ 完美嫁衣 ）.1.2.3.3 Naming by charactersCharacters are often adopted by most directors naming the film.

30、 The film expresses their feelings by ones character, whether naughty, lovely or tragic. It connects the whole article. Some films adopt the names of the main characters, like Bai Mao Nu（白毛女）,Cinderella（灰姑娘. In the film Cinderella, a girl is poor but turns to be beautiful one day occasionally. Peopl

31、e make the first impression that the film wants to describe a girls fate. 1.3 Features of Film Titles Film titles are always characterized by conciseness and briefness. They are simple but prominent. To make the title more vivid, many devices are used such as metaphor, simile and the like. Besides,

32、idioms and allusions are frequently adopted. But all in all, the main features of the film title will be drawn from culture, linguistics, and aesthetics. 1.4 Functions of Film TitlesFilm titles play an important part in the film. The first step for the film is the title. Just like a salesman sells g

33、oods, if there is not a name, the customers do not identify the goods, and customers will not buy the products. So a title must let the public to see and whether it is prefect or not, and finally decide whether it continues making or not. Certainly, it is just an example of the titles, but it tells

34、us the functions of the film titles. So now the question comes out, what is the function of the film title? In brief, it is to identify the film what our names are to identify us. It is the same thing. Without the title, we cannot talk about the film, we do not know the film content and what it want

35、s to convey.We have the functions indicated the other functions. A title is like a door to the house which guides us to enter in. It guides us to feel the tone and interpretation of the film. Taken an example, Dickens production murder-stone, Dickens himself names it murder stone, which expresses th

36、e degree of the serious translation, a person can kill the stone to be enough to see that the person is so cruel and unconcerned. But others name it to be murderer, directly say he is a murderer nakedly. So the function of the film title is so important and obvious. Chapter two: Cross-cultural Facto

37、rs that Affect Film Titles and their Translation 2.1 Definition of Cross-cultureCulture is the bridge of cross-culture. Understanding culture is necessary. Culture is the mind, behavior, and beliefs, custom, habit formed in a certain period of time for a group and a series of activities reflected by

38、 consciousness. Culture can promote the development of human beings. Culture including national culture and traditional culture, is the sum of all human activities and the history of precipitation.Finished understanding what the culture is, it is important to understand cross-culture. Generally spea

39、king, the so-called cross-culture is that the participants not only rely on their own code, habits, attitude, behaviors but also experience and understand each others code, habits, attitude, and behaviors of all the relationship. So it may be concerned for two or more sides which is the interaction

40、between the groups that have two or more backgrounds, refers to the common human labor. Because of that, it increases the social mobility and is racially mixed of results social phenomenon. The nature of this phenomenon is to change traditional culture and create a new culture. That is cross-culture

41、. And then the created cross-culture which is made of sides code, habits, attitude, and behaviors affects the film title translation. Above that, several points will show what cross-cultural factors have existed on earth.2.2 Cross-cultural FactorsSeveral factors affect film titles, including materia

42、l cross-cultural factor, institutional cross-cultural factor, and psychological cross-cultural factor. As far as we are concerned, cross-culture is a big effect on the film title translating. 2.2.1 Material Cross-cultural FactorMaterial Cross-culture is the culture of meeting human survival and deve

43、lopment needing to create new products and performances, including clothing, transportation, building, and tools which are the physical elements. It includes all the tangible things, such as streets, buildings, and meals. The big differences in a culture can be seen obviously. And the main function

44、is to convey the things present in a culture. For example, the absence of aroma as candy results in the lack of feeling in Chinese culture, and that is the reason why we have to translate Typhoon into Taifeng which has the same pronunciation. Part of a culture is reflected in the material culture. F

45、or instance, a Dream of Red Mansions（紅樓夢）, mentions such history things like red house and dynasty to the Chinese culture. Another example, Rush out of Amazon(沖出亞馬遜), the titles amazon is the real place, a river which is the largest tributary in the northern south America. This title is the resource

46、 of this river, is of big significance, other place does not have, and resulting in the only translation of the film. So the material cross-culture is the basic and fundamental factor in the translating film title. But the factor is not only one; other cross-cultural factors also affect the translat

47、ion of film title.2.2.2 Institutional Cross-cultural Factor Different countries development can lead to different systems and institutions. Because of the vast gap of the tracks between china and western countries, the law system, medical system, economic system and political system make a big diffe

48、rence. Take an example of china, “The habitual practice in the same situation may vary a great deal, as is seen such film titles as Wu Er Ge Qing Shen(吳二哥請神) , Gua Sha ( 刮痧)and X-files, a god could be “invited” into the home of the mortal in Chinese tradition, the customary treatment of a cold in so

49、me parts of China is Guasha and the cases that can not be solved in FBI are entitled X-files” (張媛，2004:22). Then we take American politics for instance. In America, they use President to represent the first in command, while in china we use Chairman instead. Because of this, when a title signed by p

50、resident is brought into china, it may let people pay attention to its resource and attract more audience. An example that deeply reflects another kind of cross-culture has been taken. A film title Bei Jing Yu Shang Xi Ya Tu(北京遇上西雅圖), is combined with chinese city, a symbolized name and a beautiful

51、place Xiyatu in America. It is so strange but attractive, actually it tells more about story happening in the two city. If just named Beijing or xiyatu, the film grade can not be so high. As a result, the institutonal factor makes a big effect on the film title. 2.2.3 Psychological Cross-cultural Fa

52、ctor People in different countries have different mind and logics. There exist many theories for the different ways evaluating the world between china and western countries. It gives expression to the perception, in other words, views. Views are divided into physical approval and identification. Tra

53、nslation is not the same for all people and especially people experience different. There are various kinds of views theories as to the views on the world between china and western countries. The most and common difference is the natural philosophy problem. Philosophy in china tends to be more intel

54、ligence. Words and proverbs are designed to attract the audience to impress and adopt a way of life. While western philosophy tends to theory. Like Si Shui Liu Nian(似水流年), it creates an atmosphere for the film to symbolize, it is vague and beautiful which is more favorable in china. And while wester

55、n films are more direct, For example, Ghost（人鬼情未了）, as to Chinese people, we regard it as a horrible film, and describes a ghost how he is a ghost and terrible. But as to western people, it makes the film to the milk of human kindness. It tells more about him and his wifes love and experience, and then tells us views on different countries how they express feelings, the title claims the theme directly, more