Unit3-現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀2推薦課件

1、2021/8/221Unit 3 The Rite of SpringArthur M2021/8/222ContentThe authorThemestructureLead-2021/8/223 Do you like gardening? Why or why not?2021/8/224His LifeArthur Miller (1915-2005)lA Harlem-born Polish-Jewish boylMajored in journalism at University of MichiganlWrote first play in 1936lReceived BA i

2、n English in 2021/8/225His CareerFirst successful play: All My Sons, 1946 Huge success: Death of a Salesman, 1949The Crucible, 1953About Salem Witch hunt in 1692HUAC (House Un-American Activities Committee), anti- communist McCarthyism Attended a HUAC hearing in 1956, refusing to give names; sentenc

3、ed to a $500 fine or thirty days in prison, blacklisted, and disallowed a US passportConviction overturned in 1958Return to theatrical success: The Price, 1968Experimental drama in 1970s, unsuccessful Kept writing until 2021/8/226His InfluenceuOne of the greatest dramatists of the twentieth centuryu

4、Politically engaged, commercially successful, social playsuNumerous awards and honors: Three Tony Awards, Pulitzer Prize for Death of the Salesman in 19491965, Elected the first American president of International Pen1993, awarded the National Medal of Arts 2001, selected for the Jefferson Lecture,

5、the U.S governments highest honor for achievement in the 2021/8/227Death of a Salesman 1949; 1984 movie starring Dustin Hoffman)The Crucible, 1953, 1996 movie starring Daniel Day-Lewis His W2021/8/228His Marriage Mary Slattery, college sweetheart, 1940Marilyn Monroe, 1956 Brief affair in 1951 Accomp

6、anied Miller to his 1956 trialMade The Misfits with Miller as the scriptwriterDivorced in 1961Inge Morath, 1962Son Daniel born with Down Syndrome; institutionalized at Millers insistenceSon-in-law, English actor Daniel Day-Lewis 2021/8/229u “The Rite of Spring” rite: a solemn ceremony or act; a set

7、of fixed words or acts The Rite of Spring by Stravinsky: a sacred pagan ritual where the wise elders are seated in a circle and are observing the dance before death of the girl whom they are offering as a sacrifice to the god of Spring in order to gain his benevolenceu What does “The Rite of spring”

8、 refer to in this text? u How is gardening a rite? Does gardening carry any symbolic meaning? T2021/8/2210Structure Part I (1-2) Para II (3-10) A. (3-4) B. (5) C. (6-8) D. (9-10) Para III (11-12)Gardening as a celebration of the coming springGardening involves conflict and choice-making. Gardening t

9、eaches you about nature. Gardening is neurotic and moral. Gardening helps character building. Gardening enables people to stay hopeful for the future.Why gardening?2021/8/2211Assignment Exercise on Page67-2021/8/2212Word S2021/8/2213compensation We have the right to claim against you for compensatio

10、n of all losses. As compensation, he offered to take her out for a meal. V. compensate Adj. 2021/8/2214conflict Max points out the potential conflicts below the surface of society. ( a state of disagreement or argument between people, groups, countries etc, political/ social/ industrial conflict) A

11、conflict between the two countries could easily spread across the whole region. (fighting or a war, armed/military/violent conflict) Many of these ideas appear to be in conflict with each 2021/8/2215cultivate A. to grow crops and plants = grow 耕作，種植，培育 B. to work hard to develop a particular skill,

12、attitude, or quality 培養(yǎng) Eg: The land was too rocky to cultivate. Try to cultivate a more relaxed and positive approach to life. Adj. cultivated 有素養(yǎng)的，有教養(yǎng)的 N. cultivation N. cultivator 耕種者， 耕耘機(jī)2021/8/2216delicate A delicate glass A delicate child Her delicate skin A plate with a delicate pattern of le

13、aves A delicate pink (easily damaged or broken) (be hurt or ill easily ) (attractive and graceful) (made skillfully and with attention to the smallest details) (of a taste, smell, or color ) not 2021/8/2217occupation Please state your name, age and occupation below. ( a job or profession) Her main o

14、ccupation seems to be shopping. ( pastime) The areas under occupation contained major industrial areas. ( the act of moving into a country, town, etc. and taking control of it using military force) v. occupy Adj. occupied be occupied with 忙于 N. occupier 占用者，占領(lǐng)者2021/8/2218rational A. rational thought

15、s, decision etc. are based on reasons rather than emotions Eg: Parents need to be fully informed so they can make a rational decision. B. a rational person is able to think calmly and sensibly Eg:Culley was quite rational at the time of her babys death. N. rationality Ant. 2021/8/2219reflect She cou

16、ld see herself reflected in his eyes. ( usu. Passive) to show the image of sb./sth. on the surface of sth. such as a mirror, water or glass. How much youre paid reflects how important you are to the company. ( to show or be a sign of the nature of sth. or of sbs attitude or feeling) Reflect on/upon

17、sth. : to think carefully and deeply about sth. Eg: He had time to reflect on his successes and failures. N. 2021/8/2220resolve A. to solve, settle - a dispute/ conflict/ problem etc. B. (formal) to make a definite decision to do sth.Translation: 約翰迫切需要錢來(lái)解決他的金融問(wèn)題。 離婚后，她決定不再結(jié)婚。 eg: John was desperate

18、 for money to resolve his financial problems. After the divorce she resolved never to marry again.Adj: resolute堅(jiān)決的，果斷的N. Resolution 解決，決心2021/8/2221stake Because of this, British taxpayers now hold an 84 percent stake in the bank. ( money that sb. invests in a company) Some legends say he was burned

19、 at the stake. At stake is not only the health of humans but that of the earth. ( in danger) They were playing cards for high stakes. ( sth. that you risk as the result of a horse race, card game etc.)2021/8/2222strangle 1. The victim had been strangled with a belt. ( =choke) 2. Mills argues that hi

20、gh taxation strangles the economy. ( to limit or prevent the growth or development of sth.)2021/8/2223 Detailed Analysis of the T2021/8/2224Structure Part I (1-2) Para II (3-10) A. (3-4) B. (5) C. (6-8) D. (9-10) Para III (11-12)Gardening as a celebration of the coming springGardening involves confl

21、ict and choice-making. Gardening teaches you about nature. Gardening is neurotic and moral. Gardening helps character building. Gardening enables people to stay hopeful for the future.Why gardening?2021/8/2225Part I Para 1. When you think how easy and cheap, relatively, it is to buy a bunch of carro

22、ts or beets, why raise them? Elliptical sentence: Eg: Why go there today? Why tell me now? If you know it is very easy and cheap to buy some vegetables, you would wonder why you grow them by 2021/8/2226 And root crops especially are hard to tell apart, when store-bought, from our own. It is hard to

23、tell the difference between root crops bought in stores and those planted by 2021/8/2227There is a human instinct at work here, a kind of back-breaking make-believe that has no reality. (para.1) Back-breaking: physically hard and tiring Make-believe: believing in things that you want to believe beca

24、use they are easy or exciting, but are not real At work: (lit.) to be having an effect, usually an obvious or bad effectEg: We must understand that there is still a strong anti-reform force at work.Paraphrasing: It has something to do with human nature, that is, people always pretend that what they

25、have done is better than it really 2021/8/2228Para.2As it is, though, I cannot deny that when April comes I find myself going out to lean on the fence and look at that miserable plot of land, resolving with all my rational powers not to plant it again. (para.2) Analyze the grammatical structure of t

26、he sentence. Paraphrase:In fact, I have to admit that I decide calmly and rationally not to plant it every spring when I see the terrible land in the 2021/8/2229And the sun means business(para.2) Mean business: (infml) to be very serious about sth. you have to doEg: - Is she serious when she says sh

27、ell quit her present job? - Yes, I think she means business.Paraphrasing: The sun shines more brightly and its getting warmer. 2021/8/2230Para.1 Reasons for my not understanding why we kept a garden. It is easy and cheap to buy vegetables. There is no difference between root crops bought in stores a

28、nd those planted by ourselves. I dont particularly like eating vegetables.Para.2 Things that could justify my keeping a garden. a morning in April : A scent wafts through the window. The sun has a different, deeper yellow in its beams. The birds begin screaming The worms are deliciously. 2021/8/2231

29、 Para1 &Para 2: Why the author starts a garden. He does so not for love of vegetable but as a way of embracing Spring- a season of 2021/8/2232Part II Paras.3-4uWhat does the author mean by saying that “conflict” sends him back to garden? u Whats the difference between black plastic and hay mulch

30、? 2021/8/2233 But black plastic looks so industrial, so unromantic, that I have gradually move over to hay mulch. But black plastic looks so unnatural and ugly that I have gradually changed to hay 2021/8/2234Para 3 & Para 4:In gardening, one has to make choices and learn by trial and 2021/8/2235

31、 Para.5 Keeping a garden makes you aware of how delicate, bountiful, and easily ruined the surface of this little planet is. If you keep a garden, it will help you realize how generous the land of the Earth is to us and how easily damaged it 2021/8/2236 I suppose if you loaded the soil with chemical

32、 fertilizer these differences would be less noticeable, but I use it sparingly and only in rows right (where seeds are planted) rather than broadcast over the whole area. I think if you put too much chemical fertilizer in the soil, the subtle differences in it would not be very obvious, so I use it

33、very carefully and only in the place where the seeds are planted instead of spreading it over the whole 2021/8/2237Im not sure why I do this beyond the saving in fertilizer and my unwillingness to aid the weeds. (para.5)Beyond: except (in negative sentences)Eg. He has no idea of the current situatio

34、n beyond what little he is told.Paraphrase: I dont know why I only use very little fertilizer; maybe I dont want to spend too much fertilizer, or maybe I dont want the weeds to thrive on fertilizer. But certainly there are more reasons. 2021/8/2238 Para 5: Gardening reminds us of the delicacy and bo

35、untifulness of our 2021/8/2239 Paras. 6-8 Gardening is neurotic and moral. Also, your paternal and maternal instincts come into play. Come into play: to start to have an effect Besides, your natural tendency to act as a kind or caring father or mother begins to 2021/8/2240Para.6: Gardening requires

36、love and care. In some cases, as with beans and cucumbers, your children- as it were, begin to turn upon you in massive numbers, growing more and more each morning and threatening to follow you into the house to strangle you in their vines. As it were: as you might say 可以說(shuō) The author here is describ

37、ing how the beans and cucumbers can grow in massive numbers and come to him suddenly as if to strangle him in their vines. The word “strangle” here doesnt really mean to choke him to death. He is saying these numerous beans and cucumbers are like naughty and playful children, struggling to embrace h

38、im at the same time, making him almost hard to 2021/8/2241 Para.7: Gardening requires patience and persistence. Para.8 What do you think of the mother-in-law story? Why such a story?2021/8/2242She is an outspoken, truthful woman, or she was until she learned better. (para.8)Learn better: learn that

39、it is not wise or moral to do sth. Paraphrasing: She used to be a woman who spoke her mind and who was always straightforward in her speech, but now she has learned from experiences that it is not wise to do so. Para.8: Gardening involves learning from ones own 2021/8/2243Para.9 The growth of plants

40、 is similar to the spiritual growth of man.In some pocket of the mind there might even be the tendency to change this vision into a personal assurance that all this healthy growth, this orderliness and thrusting life must somehow reflect movements in ones own spirit. (para.9) Paraphrasing: In some s

41、mall corner of the mind, I am even inclined to believe that such beautiful view of the garden can be transformed into a spiritual certainty; I feel certain that just like this well-organized and arranged garden and the life and vitality of everything growing in it, my spirit is equally active as wel

42、l as in order. 2021/8/2244Para. 10 Gardening entails striving as in other human activities.A garden is an extension of oneself or selves and so it has to be an arena where striving does not cease, but continues by other means. (para. 10) Paraphrasing: Garden has to be another place where people cont

43、inue to work hard to achieve 2021/8/2245 Para.9 & Para.10: Gardening helps character 2021/8/2246uWhy gardening? (3-10) Gardening involves conflict and choice-making. Gardening teaches you about nature. Gardening is neurotic and moral. Gardening helps character building. 2021/8/2247Part IIIPara.

44、11Only the gardener is capable of reviving so much hope that this year, regardless of drought, flood, typhoon, or his own stupidity, this year he is going to do it right! (para.11) Paraphrasing: Only the gardener can become hopeful after repeated failures and believe that this year he is going to have a good harvest